烟台汽车产业发展现状与研究

汽车产业是烟台四大支柱产业之一,通过对烟台汽车产业现状的研究,分析其对目前经济发展的贡献价值,概括出烟台市汽车产业的发展策略及未来发展趋势。     

广东省汽车产业的发展现状与升级路径研究

汽车产业是广东省国民经济发展的重要支柱产业和战略产业,近年来发展十分迅速,生产规模不断扩大,对经济增长的贡献作用增大,但广东汽车产业面临着许多问题,相应的升级路径是:完善汽车零部件配套产业;加大研发投入;发展自主品牌;培养引进优秀气车人才;完善气车服务业。     

汽车产业发展政策

为适应不断完善社会主义市场经济体制的要求以及加入世贸组织后国内外汽车产业发展的新形势，推进汽车产业结构调整和升级，全面提高汽车产业国际竞争力，满足消费者对汽车产品日益增长的需求，促进汽车产业健康发展，特制定汽车产业发展政策。通过本政策的实施，使我国汽车产业在2010年前发展成为国民经济的支柱产业，为实现全面建设小康社会的目标做出更大的贡献。     

我国汽车产业发展与经济增长关联性分析

本文以探究汽车产业与经济增长关联性为出发点，建立一元回归模型，分析汽车产业对经济增长的拉动作用。研究结果显示：汽车产业发展对经济增长存在显著的正向影响。针对汽车产业发展，拉动经济增长应加强我国基础设施建设，同时构建汽车自主创新体系和公共技术平台，并加以政府对汽车产业的鼓励与扶持。     

战略性贸易政策在中国汽车产业的适用性探究

汽车产业是中国发展较快的行业之一,随着其消费层次由高端向中端消费群的转移,汽车产业的发展空间越来越大,其对我国经济增长的贡献率也呈现出波动性的增长。然而,与发达国家相比,我国汽车产业的发展虽然空间大、潜力大,但其对经济增长的贡献率仍不足百分之十。当前经济增长并不是推动我国汽车产业发展的显著原因,其对经济增长的贡献率十分低,印证了我国的汽车产业仍属于幼稚产业。从而证明对我国汽车产业实施战略性贸易政策具有重要意义。     

我国汽车产业国际竞争力研究

汽车产业是高投入,高产出的资金和技术密集型产业,对一个国家的经济有着深远的影响。随着经济全球化的趋势不断加强,我国的汽车产业获得了前所未有的发展,但同时也面临着严峻的挑战。就现行国内外经济形势,对不同类型的国际竞争力指数进行计算和分析,有助于对我国的汽车产业国际竞争力做出评价,以便更好地制定我国汽车产业政策,抓住机会,增强我国汽车产业的国际竞争力。     

汽车产业发展对国民经济发展的作用

中国汽车产销量连续几年世界第一,汽车业有了长足发展。汽车产业的发展对国民经济发展起着重要的作用,汽车产业是国民经济的支柱产业,不仅可以带动其他产业的发展、带动就业,而且对财政收入也有巨大贡献。     

中国汽车产业生产性服务贸易现状分析——基于投入产出法

为了评价生产性服务业对中国汽车产业的贡献,运用投入产出法对我国生产性服务业、生产性服务贸易现状、汽车产业的生产性服务贸易额以及生产性服务业具体构成进行了测算与分析,同时通过对美国、德国、日本、印度和巴西五国汽车产业生产性服务业的投入进行比较,得出以下结论:我国汽车产业生产性服务贸易的出口额高速增长;在对我国汽车产业投入的生产性服务业中最主要的服务为交通运输和信息服务,其次是金融服务,第三是住宿餐饮和商业,科技含量高的服务业占比最低;与对照国相比我国汽车产业生产性服务贸易仍处于较低水平。     

近年汽车环保技术的进展及我国现状

汽车作为现代交通工具之一，已成为人类现代文明生活、生产不可或缺的重要组成部分。汽车诞生一百多年来，为人类生活和生产活动做出了重要的贡献。随着人们生活水平的提高和社会经济的发展，对汽车的需求日益增长，汽车产业的发展又为国民经济的发展提供了强大的推动力。发展汽车产业，具有产业关联度高、带动力强、大量增加就业的特点；汽车又是各种工程技术的综合集成，是一个国家科学技术水平和工业化程度的实力象征。因此，发展汽车产业受到世界各主要国家的高度重视。     

我国自主品牌汽车的发展及其贡献

自主品牌汽车倡导的是企业自主研发和创新,并拥有相应的知识产权。作为我国主导产业之一的汽车产业,为加快其健康发展,汽车生产企业必须采用技术改革和创新的战略,逐步建立起我国自主品牌汽车的强大阵容。本文阐述了我国汽车产业的发展历程,探讨了自主品牌汽车对我国汽车产业发展的贡献。并结合当前我国汽车产业的现状,提出了自主研发和创新的相关策略。     

Mutual adaptation in buyer-supplier relationships

In buyer-supplier relationships, effective partnerships require mutual adaptation to execute strategies effectively. Using LISREL, we test a model of relational exchange factors that includes dependence, joint action and trust and their influence on the mutual adaptation of supplier and buyer firms in the U.S. automotive industry. The results of the study indicate that both economic and social dimensions of the relationship impact mutual adaptation, but that these two are not necessarily complementary. Specifically, supplier adaptation is negatively impacted by trust between supplier and buyer, but positively impacted by dependence and joint action. Buyer adaptation, on the other hand, is positively impacted by trust between the two, joint action and the adaptation undertaken by the supplier. The negative relationship between trust and supplier adaptation may be symptomatic of deeper issues in the U.S. automotive industry that should merit concern.     

自由贸易协定原产地规则调整的经济效应评估——以《美墨加协定》汽车原产地规则为例

本文使用2011—2019年美国汽车市场数据,测度了1354款车型的需求价格弹性和替代弹性,在识别了原产地规则限制度对合规车型售价影响的基础上,反事实模拟测算了《美墨加协定》汽车原产地规则调整的经济效应。研究发现:(1)美国汽车市场上各款车型的需求价格弹性和替代弹性是异质性的;(2)以北美区域价值含量为代理变量的原产地规则与美国汽车市场上合规车型售价呈正向相关关系,与不合规车型售价呈U型关系;(3)《美墨加协定》汽车原产地规则限制度的提升,会对需要调整采购决策以继续合规的车型销量产生负向冲击,其他车型受市场替代效应的影响,其销量有所增加;(4)原产地规则调整降低了对北美自由贸易区外汽车中间品的需求,提升了对区内汽车中间品的需求。     

Liberalisation and Regional Market Integration: Turkish and Australian Automotive Sector Experience Compared

With similar production strategies and shared policy objectives forming a common background in both countries, plans to liberalise automotive production and trade emerged in Turkey and Australia after 1980. The subsequent outcomes of these attempts to abandon protection were to diverge, however, and the future viability of these two formerly heavily protected markets has now come to depend increasingly upon access to regional trade blocs. Examination of the path followed by these two economies as they adjust to the consequences of automotive liberalisation clarifies not only comparative economic performance in key areas of industry and trade, it also highlights the influence of differing levels of multi‐state economic integration, as these processes create, or fail to create, new opportunities for manufacturing economies operating in their individual regional geographic settings.     

我国物流业经济增长影响因素分析与应对战略

结合现代经济增长理论建立了影响我国物流业经济增长的主要因素分析模型,并根据相关数据对我国物流业经济增长相关因素的贡献做了定量分析。研究表明,我国物流业产出增长主要由资本投入、劳动投入和技术进步共同推动,我国物流业现阶段处于规模效益递增的发展阶段,属于主要依赖要素投入的粗放型发展模式。对此,提出了我国物流业今后重点依靠科技进步的发展战略。     

Vertical Relationships in the Automotive Industry: Do They Matter?

In this note we examine how vertical relationships are related to the efficiency of the operations in the automotive production chain. We first provide an overview of the nature of supplier arrangements by comparing current practices in the countries Japan, US, and Germany. Current best practices show that vertical linkages in the automotive industry have shifted away from simple market transactions and now involve closer long-term interactions coupled however with subtle incentive elements. We outline the economic issues which are present in vertical relationships and include a brief account of differing theoretical perspectives. Then, we use a refined methodology to measure productivity at the industry level for the supplier industries automotive parts and metalworking and for the final assembly industry. It turns out that Japanese industries achieve the highest productivity level at the supplier and at the assembly level. We interpret the empirical results and relate the differences in vertical arrangemen s with the efficiency of both parts in the relation.     

江苏省旅游经济增长的贡献因素分析

江苏省旅游经济增长与要素投入密不可分。运用柯布-道格拉斯生产函数与索洛余值构建旅游经济增长计量模型,对2001-2010年江苏省旅游经济增长的贡献因素进行定量测算与分析。研究发现,十年间,江苏省旅游业处于规模报酬递增阶段,并表现为典型的要素驱动型增长,其中资源要素对江苏省旅游经济增长贡献最大,资本投入要素次之,劳动投入要素居于第三位,而技术进步对于旅游经济增长的贡献最小。因而为了加快转变旅游经济增长方式,实现江苏省旅游业的健康持续发展,技术进步将是旅游发展的主导力量和关键因素。     

Der Vorsorge-Albtraum

Economic forecasts for the German economy expect German GDP to grow by less than 1% in 2013. The expectations of the industry are better still — only the representatives of the automotive industry think their future growth will not be higher than the German economy on average. The construction industry expects growth of 1.5% for 2013, due to a boom in new residential construction. The chemical industry had to hold its own in a difficult economic environment marked by weak global growth, the public debt and currency crisis in the euro zone, and — connected with this — the recession in Southern Europe. According to the recent outlook of the ZVEI, production (adjusted for price) of the German electrical and electronic industry will grow by 1.5% in 2013. Despite a difficult economic environment, the VDMA economists expect further growth in production for machinery and plant manufacturers of 2% in real terms for 2013. The main impulses will likely be set by foreign demand, especially from non-EMU member states.     

中国证券业及上市公司对GDP贡献的实证研究

本文创造性地探索出中国证券业增加值和上市公司增加值的测算方法,并运用通过各种途径所获得的权威数据,分别估算了证券业和上市公司中的募集资金对GDP的全部直接与间接贡献.估算结果表明:(1)从对当年GDP的贡献来看,将全部直接与间接贡献加总在一起看,股票市场对全国GDP的生产起到了较大的作用.(2)证券业与上市公司募集资金对当年GDP的静态直接贡献并不算太突出.(3)从动态发展的角度来看,股票市场在国民经济中的地位快速提高,对促进经济增长起到了较大作用.     

论流通产业的战略性地位

面对工业化高级阶段以及经济全球化条件下产业国际竞争的挑战,我国需要重新界定流通产业的地位。本文通过产业关联度、国家经济安全、经济增长贡献率、就业贡献率等指标分析,提出了新形势下流通产业不仅是先导产业和基础产业,更是战略性产业的观点。     

Ownership and technical efficiency in Malaysia's automotive industry: A stochastic frontier production function analysis

This article examines the direct effect of the extent of foreign ownership on technical efficiency in Malaysia's automotive industry by applying a stochastic frontier production function analysis to micro-panel data over the years 2000–2004. Technical efficiency in the overall automotive industry is positively related to the degree of vertical integration, the size of establishments in the respective sub-sectors, a higher quality of the work force, and a higher foreign ownership share in the establishment combined with higher net-import intensity. Foreign ownership and net-export intensity are not significant determinants of technical efficiency inthe parts sub-sector. Although majority foreign ownership is not allowed in the assembly sub-sector, this sub-sector is large, with asmall number of establishments generating scale economies in the automotive industry. The determinants of technical efficiency in the parts sub-sector show that foreign ownership per se does not enhance technical efficiency since other determinants like the degree of vertical integration and the size of establishments are significant determinants of technical efficiency.