基于产业梯度转移理论的我国产业转移问题研究

在对产业梯度转移理论简要回顾的基础上,对照当前我国经济发展状况,提出从东部发达地区向中西部欠发达地区的产业转移是一种必然的趋势。当前我国并未产生大规模的产业转移的现象,这既与转出地区政府的产业政策、产业集群产生的效应有关,同时也受到了转入地区政府政策选择的矛盾、产业配套能力低、劳动力素质不高、物流成本高等的负面影响。指出转入区和转出区都做出产业政策和布局的调整,从而促进我国产业转移的实现。     

政府补贴、国际知识产权保护与企业创新——来自战略性新兴产业上市公司的证据

政府补贴对企业创新的影响存在争议,在美国重点打击中国战略性新兴产业的背景下,补贴这一产业政策的有效性再次引起热议。本文以2012-2017年沪深A股战略性新兴产业上市公司为样本,研究在国际知识产权保护加强的背景下政府补贴对战略性新兴产业创新绩效的影响。研究发现:中国政府实施的补贴政策有利于促进战略性新兴产业创新,但国际知识产权保护加强约束了中国政府补贴的规模和空间,从而抑制了补贴政策对战略性新兴产业创新的激励作用;此外,基于企业和产业异质性视角,国际知识产权保护的加强主要抑制了补贴对国有企业、内资企业和新材料产业创新的促进作用。进一步完善补贴政策和国内的知识产权保护制度,有利于提升中国在构建国际经济新秩序中的话语权。     

环境规制对我国制造业工业效率的影响——基于上市公司的经验证据

本文以我国制造业中若干行业为研究对象,运用DEA方法对所收集到的上市公司数据进行分析,计算出行业的工业效率并得出每个行业的全要素生产率。在此基础上,结合近年来我国治理污染的投资额,运用Spearman相关系数进行测度,认为我国有必要实施严格的环境规制政策。     

装备制造业与生产性服务业互动融合财政政策有效性研究

装备制造业与生产性服务业互动融合发展是提升产业创新能力、向产业价值链高端攀升的重要途径。本文基于我国2009-2017年数据,运用系统动力学对装备制造业与生产性服务业互动融合财政政策有效性进行了仿真研究,结果表明现有财政政策的有效性存在异质性:降低企业所得税税率对两产业互动融合起阻碍作用,政府投资型支出政策的有效性较小,现阶段政府科技投入政策无效,而政府教育支出政策对于两产业互动融合的促进作用最为明显。上述结论对相关财政政策优化有参考价值。     

浙江临港产业集聚现状、问题和对策分析

浙江临港产业集聚嵌入式特征明显,表现为在政府的政策支持下,通过龙头企业带动产业链延伸。但是,临港产业集聚度一直没有得到很大的提升。同时,产业链比较短、产业关联度不明显、服务业发展水平低以及集群创新能力较弱的问题普遍存在。在浙江海洋经济示范区建设上升为国家战略的背景下,应该利用先行先试权,进行自由贸易区试点,让市场机制充分发挥作用,从而大力推动浙江临港产业集群的发展。     

湖南省低碳工业行业的评价与选择实证研究 ——基于Weaver-Thomas模型

经济新常态下,合理选择低碳工业行业,对湖南省实现工业产业结构低碳化转型至关重要。利用Weaver-Thomas模型,依据经济发展、能源状况、生态环境和技术水平四个方面的低碳化指标,计算出湖南省36个工业行业的低碳化综合评分,从而确定10个工业行业为湖南省低碳化转型的重点发展行业。从改善能源结构、技术创新、优化生产要素的配置、政策引导与监管等方面提出湖南省低碳化工业行业转型路径。     

全球背景下我国产业结构调整政策取向分析

当前全球范围内正在进行新一轮的产业结构调整。我国当前的产业结构调整应充分考虑产业全球化的背景和我国国情,既要大力发展技术含量高的劳动密集型产业,也要发展高新技术产业,可从制定科学的产业政策、制度创新、吸引外资与对外投资并重等方面入手。     

Energiewende für die Modernisierung des Industriestandorts Deutschland nutzen

The German industrial sector is a central component of its economic success. However, its investment activities are weak in comparison internationally. There are concerns that the high costs of the energy transition — one major part of climate change policy — could decrease industrial competitiveness and Germany’s allure as an industrial production location. To prevent this, German policymakers offer substantial exemptions for energy intensive industries in order to keep costs low. This study shows that only a few industrial branches have both high energy costs and a high export intensity, however. They generally feature a comparatively old capital stock. Overall, industry benefits from the demand for climate protection technologies. This calls for a shift in current policy, which should focus on incentives for innovative low carbon technologies. Exemptions should be granted to a limited number of energy intensive industries only for a limited time.     

Anti‐dumping's Happy Birthday?

The purpose of this paper is to highlight and discuss recent developments in the worldwide use of anti‐dumping (AD) policy as a possible strategic counterpoint to trade liberalisation. First, we review briefly the original intended purpose of AD policy, and reflect on its secondary position on the agenda of current international trade negotiations. Second, we discuss the escalating – and perhaps strategic – use of AD policy, particularly in the developing world, and highlight the roles of both interest groups and the state in determining policy outcomes. Next, we review the state of affairs of AD policy with the world's most active user, the US. In particular, we introduce and discuss the latest important development, the implementation of the ‘Continued Dumping and Subsidy Offset Act of 2000’, which incorporates monetary compensation for petitioners, potentially offering more opportunities for strategic policy behaviour by firms, industries and the state. We conclude the article with a short discussion of directions for future research and some general concerns about the use of AD policy.     

区域经济一体化背景下产业发展水平实证分析——基于酒泉和嘉峪关28个典型行业的因子分析

在酒泉和嘉峪关区域经济一体化背景下,通过因子分析法构建出区域产业发展水平模型,利用两市28个典型行业作为数据样本,对该区域的产业发展现状进行实证分析,实证结果较为清晰的反映了这28个行业的发展水平。     

我国海洋高技术产业竞争力省际比较研究

论文在构建海洋高技术产业竞争力评价指标体系的基础上,利用2006和2010年统计数据,采用因子分析法,对我国11个沿海省份的海洋高技术产业竞争力进行比较分析。研究表明,影响我国海洋高技术产业竞争力的主要因素是规模产出、政策环境和发展潜力,且各省市发展极不平衡。今后,我国应不断完善海洋高新技术产业政策,逐步建立海洋高新技术产业创新体系,大力加强海洋高新技术产业人才队伍建设,从而促进海洋高新技术产业竞争力的不断提高。     

国际产业政策:产业政策研究的新领域

国际产业政策是顺应经济全球化时代由传统国别产业政策转型而来的一种新产业政策.本文从国际产业政策概念、国际产业政策形成的必然性和合理性、政策目标及主要内容、政策实施方式和手段等角度,综述了国际产业政策的理论研究及其研究中存在的不足.本文指出,加强国际产业政策的研究,对于正处在力争跨越式发展和追赶阶段的我国产业和企业参与全球竞争具有十分重要的战略意义.     

Industrial Policies in France: The Old and the New

Industrial policy is mainly sector based in France, moulding industrial specialization and often promoting “grand projects.” It intended to make use of economies of scale, specifically in technologically sophisticated sectors and has been labelled as High Tech Colbertism. The European unification and the Single Market Programme has to some extent converted European industrial policy to the horizontal approach, banning sectoral activities, promoting framework policies, and a sound macro economic policy. The Lisbon strategy then designed a new agenda for growth which acknowledged a gap in competitiveness relative to the USA. In France new initiatives were launched in the past decade, which to some extent are echoing the French type of industrial policy. Regional cluster programs (“poles de competitivité”) were introduced, an industrial innovation agency and a national research agency were founded and the Oseo program promotes small and medium firms. The history, preconditions and chances of the new initiatives are analysed.     

东北三省产业结构高度化和合理化的多维度测度

目前东北地区产业结构性矛盾突出,深刻把握当前产业结构特征,有助于产业政策效果评价和产业政策制定,有益于产业结构导致的经济增长新动力不足问题的破解。依据产业结构高度化的四项特征和合理化所包含四项内容,从多个维度对东北三省产业结构高度化和合理化进行系统测度,结果显示:在东北振兴政策背景下,三省产业结构高度和合理程度得到提高,但主要产业仍是资源型,战略性新兴产业占比不足,应优化东北产业结构,大力发展东北战略性新兴产业,为经济发展增添新动力。     

外商直接投资对我国产业结构的影响与对策研究

随着改革开放的不断深入,我国利用外商直接投资成果显著,对我国经济发展起到了重要的作用,促进了我国产业结构的调整和升级,推动了工业的产业结构升级及出口商品结构升级,但同时加剧了我国三次产业结构的不平衡,对我国的环境保护构成压力。我国应正确引导外资产业投向,调整完善外资政策,发展服务外包产业,加强引进技术管理,提高自主研发能力,以促进我国产业结构的优化与升级。     

我国服务业、工业增长效率对比及其政策内涵

本文借助随机前沿生产函数模型,比较了1992-2002年间我国工业和服务业的增长效率,并利用一个能反映产业间外溢效应的两部门模型,探讨了服务业、工业增长效率对比结果对于政府制定产业结构政策的含义.本文的结论是,在1992-2002年间,服务业的技术进步速度慢于工业,技术效率下降速度高于工业,服务业对工业的外溢效应要比工业对服务业的外溢效应强.因此,即使服务业的增长效率劣于工业,大力发展服务业的政策思路仍是可取的.     

碳税对我国能源密集型产业国际竞争力影响研究

近年来,减缓和应对气候变化已成为全球最受关注的问题之一,二氧化碳的减排也随之备受瞩目。碳税作为减少温室气体排放的直接有效的经济手段,在我国也提到了议事日程。本文使用引力模型,利用2000年-2010年我国对9个样本国家的贸易数据,对碳税征收对我国能源密集型产业国际竞争力的影响进行了实证分析。研究结果表明,碳税对我国能源密集型产业的国际竞争力存在负面影响。在此基础上,本文结合我国实际情况和其他国家征收碳税的实践经验,对我国征收碳税提出了几点政策建议。     

Industrial Policy in the United States

Does US government policy purposefully benefit particular industries or is industrial policy absent in the USA? Based on a review of recent US policies this paper argues that the USA applies many policies with an industry-specific impact. But these policies do not differ significantly from those in other countries and the process in which US industrial policies emerge severely limits their consistency. What differentiates the USA is a microeconomic business environment that enables a high degree of regional specialization, benefits especially knowledge-driven industries, and raises the impact of innovation and entrepreneurship policies.     

关于推进沿海城市港口物流簇群的政策研究

产业簇群成为时下政界、学界和产业界的热门话题有其深刻的区域经济和发展经济背景。伴随着我国沿海经济的快速发展,沿海城市港口物流业发展迅速,呈现出产业聚集现象。本文分析了港口物流簇群的优势及对产业本身及地方经济的影响,并在此基础上提出了推进沿海城市港口物流簇群的政策构想。     

The European Commission’s New Industrial Policy in an Integrating and Globalizing World

The European Commission has launched a new industrial policy for Europe in October 2005. While manufacturing industry remains a key building block of the European economy, it faces a number of challenges—as well as opportunities—in the form of rapid technological change; increasing trade and financial integration of the world economy; and the rise of new emerging market competitors. Whilst some sectors are performing strongly, the overall industrial structure of the EU economy makes it less than ideally positioned to face these challenges. The new industrial policy articulated by the Commission is to help the European economy adapt to the new circumstances. In contrast to old policies that sought to ‘pick winners’, the new approach starts from the screening of horizontal policies and framework conditions in terms of their implications for specific industrial sectors. Second, the Commission has integrated policy by bringing more closely together different policy dimensions of key relevance to various industries. Finally, the industrial policy attempts to achieve a greater consensus over policy, through the involvement at an early stage of key stakeholders and Member States in policy making.