《电讯技术》专题资料 《国外航天测控技术的新发展》题要(一)

第二代TDRSS卫星的多址波束形成分系统跟踪与数据中继卫星系统 (TDRSS)多址 (MA)返向业务提供了一条从用户平台 (卫星或另一种发射机 )发出信号 ,经同步轨道的跟踪与数据中继卫星 (TDRS)返回给用户控制中心或数据捕获站的通信路径。传统的运行方式是根据由用户请求生成的时间表向天基网用户提供多址业务。多址业务目前向用户平台提供返向链路遥测业务 ,具有实时、回放特性 ,科学数据速率为 1 0 0kbps。支持近地航天器的Ka频段测控能力鉴于S、X和Ku频段频谱连续出现且不断增加的拥塞现象以及美国国家宇航局(NASA)对航天器高数据传…     

星载单通道单脉冲自跟踪系统设计

对中继卫星的捕获跟踪是建立星间数据链路首要前提,星载自跟踪系统有着广泛的应用前景。针对Ka频段波束窄、星载设备小型化要求高等特点,提出了星载自跟踪系统设计方案。方案采用单通道单脉冲方式,利用TE21模馈源技术从天线获取自跟踪信号,通过微波前端模块将信号调制、合并为单通道,然后在捕获跟踪接收机中提取误差角度,实现天线角度的精确跟踪。经过链路分析,证明系统设计有效可行。根据方案研制出原理样机并进行了试验验证,跟踪精度在X、Y方向优于±0.05°,满足星间链路跟踪精度要求。     

一种无人机载超视距通信系统

针对中、高空长航时无人机超视距通信系统普遍采用Ku频段卫星中继存在信号可用带宽有限、干扰源众多、机载端设备较大的现状，提出了一种基于Ka频段卫星的无人机超视距通信系统总体与分系统工程实现方案，并给出了关键设计要素。在详细推导链路计算公式基础上，以前向速率为51.2 kb/s、返向速率为8 Mb/s为例进行了链路余量预算与数值仿真分析，并与传统Ku频段方案在传输速率、抗干扰能力、天线口径等方面进行了分析比较。结果表明，在同等条件下所设计的系统性能可提高20%左右。飞行试验结果验证了该方案的合理性、可行性、有效性和工程可实现性，为无人机超视距通信系统总体设计和工程实现提供了思路与参考。     

跟踪及数据中继卫星系统的正反向通信链路

本文讨论跟踪及数据中继卫星系统的正反向通信链路。包括：１）Ｓ波段多址勤条链路的相控阵天线地面多波束形成自适应对准；２）把ＴＤＲＳ上的３０个单元天线的接收信号转回地面并保证各路之间相对相位，振幅的稳定；３）Ｋｕ波段单址勤务链路中ＴＤＲＳ与用户飞行器天线相互捕获与跟踪；４）扩频－测距码的快捕。     

适用于海上卫星通信终端的快速测试系统

针对海上卫星通信终端在性能调试、系统联试和试验现场环节中关键特性的快速检测需求，设计和开发了一套便携式测试系统。测试系统可模拟生成码片速率为3.069 Mchip/s的星地前向扩频信号，接收解调数据速率最大为2.0 Mb/s的返向正交相移键控（Quadrature Phase Shift Keying，QPSK）调制信号，且具备快速检测终端捕获和跟踪卫星信号时间是否优于7.0 s的能力。采用软件无线电思想，基于Matlab的卫星信号模拟程序替代现场可编程门阵列(Field Programmable Gate Array，FPGA)完成数据的组帧、加扰和扩频处理，降低了测试系统开发难度和周期，并提高了适应性和灵活性。各阶段的应用结果表明，便携式测试系统能够快速测试卫星通信终端的关键特性，为现场及时发现并定位问题提供了可靠依据。     

一种低成本高可靠无人机机载数据通信系统设计

为满足飞行距离为10～100km、执行航拍和侦察等任务的无人机和地面站之间的数据通信需求,提出了一种低成本、高集成度、多功能及高可靠性的机载数据通信系统方案。设计了S频段收发链路(实现将飞机和各载荷的状态遥测参数下行到地面,并接收地面飞控数据,数据通信码速率达到150 kbit/s)和C频段链路（实现将机载光电吊舱获取的图像信息实时下行到地面接收站,码速率达到10 Mbit/s）。研制的机载数据通信系统质量小于2.0 kg,尺寸为160 mm×139 mm×77 mm;S、C频段下行射频功率均达到7 W时,整机功耗为57.6 W(24 V/2.4 A)。30 kg载重能力的旋翼无人机试飞结果表明,无人机飞行高度超过200 m、飞行距离不超过30 km时,机载数据通信系统完成了机地间可靠的数据通信和实时图像传输任务。     

中继卫星SMA系统反向链路多波束形成技术

对中继卫星SMA(S频段多址)反向链路多波束形成开环数字波束形成算法（DBF）、3种闭环自 适 应数字波束形成算法进行了分析,通过试验验证了开环波束形成算法和闭环波束自适应 形成算法的可行性。试验结果表明,在飞行器捕获、跟踪的不同阶段,采用开环波束形成与 自 适应波束形成相结合是SMA反向链路波束形成的最优方式。     

中继卫星系统用户终端关键技术分析

用户终端在跟踪与数据中继卫星系统(TDRSS)中具有重要作用。介绍了中继卫星系统用户终 端的分类、功能和组成,重点对用户终端采用的全数字化可编程综合基带、自动增益控制（ AGC）、相参转发和小型化等关键技术进行了总结和分析,已工程实现的用户终端功能和性能 满足系统要求。最后,提出了用户终端技术的发展趋势。     

TDRSS并行MSK扩频体制的实验研究

本文讨论跟踪与数据中继卫星系统（TDRSS）一种新通信体制，即并行MSK扩频系统。发射端采用长短码正交扩频的平衡调制，接收端采用一种简单解扩方式简化了并行MSK信号的解调，同时用短码全“1”引导长码同步的方法大大减小了长码的捕获时间。实验结果证明该体制具有良好的伪码同步性能。     

多频段高动态信号载波频偏捕获方法研究

研究了多频段高动态信号载波频偏问题,分析了多频段给频偏捕获带来的困难 ,针对低数据率、大载波频偏的情况,讨论了抽取倍数对捕获范围和精度的影响,并提出对 于不同频段,通过改变相应的抽取倍数来满足不同的频偏和精度,再进行最大功率搜索法估计 频偏的捕获方案。仿真结果表明,与传统方法进行比较,该方案在低信噪比下条件下估计性 能更好,能够适应UHF和S频段,在数据率9.6 kb/s的条件下,估计精度在UHF频段下为 300 Hz,在S频段下为600 Hz。     

Universal Coverage, Pinpoint Illustration and Profound Impact HTC 2008 Intermedia Recommendation and Introduction Meeting

Holding 88 percent of train media resources across China, based on "Time Cube", on the 2008 Intermedia Recommendation and Introduction Meeting on December 19, 2007, HTC announced its high-profile strategy of tour marketing and tapping the immeasurable potentials on the train. Meanwhile, HTC officially launched its brand new product Olympic Train on the meeting, providing a fabulous platform for all the brands that are prepared to do a smart marketing on the occasion of 2008 Olympic Games.     

Market presence in China strengthened Network growth and Dual-Chinese-Hub Strategy More frequet Flyer Benefit——Air China and shanhai Airlines Join Star Alliance

In the end of 2007, Air China Limited (hereinafter "Air China") and Shanghai Airlines, formally joined Star Alliance at a ceremony held in the new Terminal Three at Beijing Capital International Airport. With the addition of the two Chinese airlines, Star Alliance now has 19 member carriers operating 17,000 daily flights to 897 destinations in 160 countries.     

A World of Love 2008 Music Grand Ceremony

Under the guidance of the theme slogan of the 29th Olympic Games - One World One Dream, with dream, love and dedication as its theme, the 2008 Music Grand Ceremony ＆ 1000 People Charity Concert on 100 days cotmtdown to Paralympic Gamesis officiaily launched on December 22, 2007. The 2008 Music Grand Ceremony is sponsored by China Disabled Persons＇ Federation, and co-hosted by National Paralympic Committee of China,     

2007 China Harbor Ten People

2007 China Harbor Ten People elected the entrepreneurs who contributed a lot to port economy and enterprises this year trough their talent management.These ten people embody their social responsibility,professional skills,creative ability,and charming personality.Bearing full confidence in China＇s port economy,the port entrepreneurs are brave enough to explore a brand new area,so as to promote harbor economic development. At the very beginning of 2008,China Shipping Website,Dalian Maritime University,and China Port and Shipping In- stitute jointly select the 2007 China Harbor Ten People,demonstrate port entrepreneurs＇ stunning minds,disclose their secrets to success,and providing abundant experiences to others in harbor development.The top ten people are various excellence during the ups and downs harbor development.     

MUYANG GROUP

With its headquarters in the historic city of Yangzhou,Jiangsu Muyang Group Co.,Ltd has since its founding in 1967 grown into a well-known group corporation whose activities cover research ＆ development,project design,manufacturing,installation and services in a multitude of industries including feed machinery and engineering,storage engineering,grain machinery and engineering,environmental protection,conveying equipment and automatic control systems.     

China''''s National Oil Reserve Center was Born

Aseries of events that occurred in October 2007, are rewriting the history of China's energy industry: November 3 an Energy Law Committee asked the public for suggestions on improvements; forty top experts came together to form the National Energy Expert Advisory Committee on November 6; and the National Oil Reserve Center (NORC)became the nerve centre of oil reserves on November 18. Yet, behind the progress of these recent activities remains the fact that international oil prices still hover around a very high price of US$ 90/barrel, and China's oil imports are close to accounting for half of its total oil reserves.     

Sony Style in China

Since the normalization of the diplomatic ties between China and ） Japan, the bilateral economic relations have deepened continually. According to the statistic of Japan, China passed U.S. to become Japan＇s top trade partner as well as is the second largest export market for Japan and is the largest import resource for Japan. Japan companies such as Mitsui, Sumitomo, Sony and Panasonic, have set the subsidiaries in China and explored their scales. This year 2008 marks the 30th anniversary of the signing of the ChinaJapan Treaty of Peace and Friendship.     

China''''s Import and Export of Textiles and Apparel in the Q1

China's textile and apparel industry suffered an unprecedented cold market for exports in the first quarter this year,the result of a few factors including: the appreciating RMB, decreasing export rebate rate,expanding influence of the U.S. subprime crisis, increasing costs of production and rising labor cost.     

Financial Services for Post-Quake Reconstruction

The May 12 earthquake in Sichuan caught Chinese people by surprise and took the nation＇s heart. While mourning the dead and searching for the missing, many services must be provided for the survivors in the wake of the earthquake. Available post-quake financial services have become an important part of the reconstruction effort in the disasterstricken areas of Sichuan province.     

The Frankenstein Syndrome: The Creation of Mega-Media Conglomerates and Ethical Modeling in Journalism

Aristotle saw ethics as a habit that is modeled and developed though practice. Shelly's Victor Frankenstein, though well intentioned in his goals, failed to model ethical behavior for his creation, abandoning it to its own recourse. Today we live in an era of unfettered mergers and acquisitions where once separate and independent media increasingly are concentrated under the control and leadership of the fictitious but legal personhood of a few conglomerated corporations. This paper will explore the impact of mega-media mergers on ethical modeling in journalism. It will diagram the behavioral context underlying the development of ethical habits, discuss leadership theory as it applies to management, and address the question of whether the creation of mega-media conglomerates will result in responsible corporate citizens or monsters who turn on their creators.