温度对乳制品的影响及检验方法分析

随着人们生活水平的不断提高,乳制品作为营养价值较高的日常食品,已成为多数大众必备的早餐食品之一。乳制品中含有丰富的蛋白质、维生素及矿物质等营养元素,而不同的温度环境将会对乳制品的营养物质产生一定影响,从而影响乳制品的质量及口味。本文通过不同温度条件下乳制品的酸度、蛋白、脂肪及微生物的情况,来分析温度对乳制品质量的影响,并通过实进行乳制品各指标的测定,从而为乳制品的生产、存储提供可参考的温度条件。     

电力系统负荷预测研究综述与发展方向的探析

电力系统负荷预测是在满足一定精度下,根据在不同的系统下的运行特点、增容决策、社会条件与自然影响等因素,确定未来某一特定时间点的负荷数据,其中负荷是指功率或电量。本文根据我国负荷预测领域经验对电力系统负荷预测进行浅略分析,井对其未来发展趋势进行探讨。     

固体火箭发动机粘接界面湿热老化实验

对固体火箭发动机粘接界面试验件进行了不同湿热条件下的加速老化试验,并测量了不同老化时间粘接界面的扯离强度,描述了湿热老化试验和性能测试中的试验现象,结合复合材料微粘接结构吸湿规律对试验现象和撤离强度随老化时间变化曲线进行了分析。研究结果表明:衬层-推进剂粘接界面是固体火箭发动机粘接结构中最薄弱环节,应予以重点考虑；湿热老化促进了环境水分从衬层–推进剂界面向推进剂内部的扩散和渗透,致使弱边界层向推进剂内部扩展,导致了衬层-推进剂界面粘接强度的降低。试验件平均扯离强度随老化时间呈下降趋势,中间有一个强度趋于稳定的平台期。      

认知车载网的频谱感知性能分析

认知车载网中不同的衰落传播信道会影响频谱感知的性能。为了描述不同信道下的频谱感知性能，分析了加性高斯白噪声信道、瑞利衰落信道和Nakagami-m衰落信道条件下的频谱感知单用户能量检测概率和协作能量检测概率，重点是Nakagami-m衰落信道、检测衰落因子、次用户的数量和信噪比这几个参数对协作频谱感知性能的影响。仿真结果表明，通过对不同信道特性的准确了解能够帮助车辆在不同衰落信道环境下提高频谱的检测概率。     

沥青路面材料的剪切问题研究

沥青混合料受温度、老化的影响,模量变化幅度较大,需要从沥青混合料材料本身的抗剪切性能出发,进行其抗剪切性能设计.     

轨道车辆橡胶东部海洋典型服役环境适应性分析

具有密封、阻尼减震等功能的轨道车辆用橡胶材料,在贮存和服役过程中受到自然环境中的光、热、氧、盐雾等作用或在服役环境中受到外应力的作用,性能逐渐劣化导致最终失去使用价值。针对轨道车辆用橡胶材料在东部海洋典型服役环境的老化因素分析,建立试验是加速老化评价方法,对其长期性能进行评估,对于准确地预测材料的有效性具有重要的意义。     

稻谷储存水分和温度对真菌生长和稻谷主要品质的影响探讨

分析稻谷含水量和储存温度对稻谷品质的影响,有助于提升稻谷的发芽率,对增强稻谷的食用品质具有重要帮助。本文采取实验的方式,将不同含水量的稻谷置于不同的温度下储存6个月。结果显示,随着稻谷含水量的增加和储存温度的升高,稻谷的发芽率出现显著下降,真菌生长迅速,且脂肪酸水平异常升高,据此认为,为了提升稻谷的品质,应尽量将稻谷置于低温环境下保存。     

电力通信光缆运行维护分析

光缆线路是光纤通信传输网的重要组成部分,作为传输介质的光缆会随着使用时间的延长产生自然老化现象,损耗增加,如果光缆内部有气泡、裂纹等,损耗可能会进一步加剧,严重时会导致通信中断;另外,光缆的敷设过程、工作环境等因素也会影响其工作状态和使用寿命。因此,对光缆进行必要的维护,并采取必要的检测手段和方法对其性能进行测试,判断其是否处于良好的工作状态,以便在短时间内对故障进行有效地检测、维护。本文结合多年的运行维护经验,提出具体措施,供同行参考。     

中国老年人照顾孙子女对老化态度的影响

采用2014年中国老年社会追踪调查数据探讨中国老年人照顾孙子女的现状、特点以及对老年人老化态度的影响.结果表明:我国有34％的老年人在照顾孙子女,较年轻、有配偶、受教育水平较高、城镇、健康的老年人照顾孙子女的比例更高;照顾孙子女对老年人的自我老化态度具有积极的预测作用,健康与年龄在照顾孙子女对老年人自我老化态度的影响中起调节作用;照顾孙子女对老年人的一般老化态度的预测作用不显著.     

冻藏对黄鳝肌肉品质影响的实验研究

通过对比实验,分别考察不同温度下的黄鳝冻藏过程对其品质的影响,从而优化制备条件,以期根据不同的使用要求,条件达到最适环境,以便控制条件达到其冻藏过程中的品质控制。     

FABRIC SPECIALITY STORES: CONSUMER DISSATISFACTION WITH SELECTED IN-STORE ATTRIBUTES

This consumer dissatisfaction study focused on selected in-store attributes of the fabric speciality store. The procedure was to select fifteen fabric speciality stores at random in the Phoenix area and distribute thirty questionnaires to customers at each store. The 264 returns were analysed by examining the respondents' comments about the fabric speciality store most often shopped in, the respondents' ratings of the statements concerning the average fabric speciality store's attributes and the complaints the respondents made to fabric speciality stores. The fabric speciality store attributes found to be both important and dissatisfying included: salesperson's helpfulness, variety of fabrics, quality of fabrics, salesperson's product knowledge and fabric price.     

China Textile and Apparel Exp. $51.44 Billion in the First Half Year

Reported by China Customs and the Statistic Center of China Textile Industry . Council, through Jan.-June, 2005., Chinatotal imp. ＆ exp. value of textile and apparel reached US$59.602 billion, increasing 17.82% compared with the same period of last year, and taking up 9.24% of China gross imp.＆ exp. value of foreign trade. Gross export value of textile and apparel in China was up to US$51.436 billion, increasing 20.75% compared with the same period of last year,     

Consumers’ acceptability and creative use of traditional woven fabric

The study examined the utilization and acceptability of traditional woven fabric ‘aso‐oke’ in patchwork craft design as bedcover and throw pillows. The ‘aso‐oke’ fabric was sewn using a patchwork technique of clothing construction to produce a bedcover and throw pillows. A questionnaire designed on a 5‐point Likert scale was used to collect the data. The result showed a favourable response of Likert mean score 4.17 which indicates a greater acceptability of the fabric and design used in the making of the bedcover and throw pillows.     

PILE UPHOLSTERY FABRICS–CONSTRUCTION CHARACTERISTICS AND ABRASION RESISTANCE

Pile fabrics are currently enjoying a renewed popularity. They are not only an important upholstery fabric but also are gaining importance in other textile end-uses such as apparel, footwear, toys and accessories. Pile fabrics are made in both natural and synthetic fibres as well as natural and synthetic fibre blends. The study was an attempt to develop a procedure to evaluate the physical properties of pile fabrics to determine their suitability for specific end-uses. The study defined and tested different pile fabric samples which were representative of the 1979 interior textile fabric lines. Six pile fabrics, each with different fibre contents were subjected to seven separate tests and the results reported. The tests included fibre identification, fabric weight determination, fabric thickness determination, breaking load determination, tearing strength determination, and abrasion resistance determination. The results found that pile upholstery fabrics of different generic fibres performed differently when subjected to physical testing. The results obtained from the physical properties tests gave results which can be used to compare pile fabrics of different generic fibre content.     

Fabric speciality stores: travel behaviour of female customers

This consumer travel behaviour study examined (i) the distance female customers travel from their home to the fabric speciality store they most often shop in, and (ii) the effects of selected factors on the travel behaviour of these customers. The procedure was to select 10 fabric speciality stores at random in the Phoenix (Arizona) metropolitan area and have 25 female customers complete the questionnaire at each store. The 250 questionnaires were analysed by examining the distances the respondents travelled in various situations and by chi-square tests to determine the relationships among the variables. The results indicated that the majority of respondents travelled 3 miles or less (oneway) from their home to the fabric speciality store they most often shopped in; however, the actual number of miles travelled in this situation was found to be dependent on the respondents' level of education. It was also found that many respondents were willing to travel farther than the distance from their home to the fabric speciality store they most often shopped in to (i) purchase a specific fabric; or (ii) seek a greater variety of fabrics and related items, lower fabric prices and helpful/knowledgeable salespeople.     

Fabric speciality stores: customer satisfaction/dissatisfaction with information-source attributes

The purpose of this research was to determine customer satisfaction/dissatisfaction with information-source attributes supplied by fabric speciality stores. After constructing a theoretical framework of information-source attributes and a questionnaire, a survey of fabric speciality store customers was conducted in eight Midwestern cities in the U.S. The results indicated that salespeople, store layout/displays and fabric-bolt labels caused more dissatisfaction than store advertising, special services and free printed literature. It was also found that variables, such as the respondent's age, were related to the respondent's degree of satisfaction/dissatisfaction with fabric speciality store informations-source attributes.     

高温灰化法检测金属丝面料中金属丝含量

金属丝面料作为新型功能性面料是目前市场上较流行的一款高附加值的面料,一般同等技术水平下,金属丝占的比例越高价格越贵。目前常用的检测手段主要是手工拆分,虽准确但耗时长,效率低,通过建立高温灰化法检测金属丝含量,一次可以处理多个样品,且与手工拆分法有着同样的准确度,精密度也良好,是一个可以广泛应用的检测方法。     

Detergents,clothing and the consumer with sensitive skin

A typical detergent formulation for domestic garment washing is a complex formulation comprising: surfactants, builders, bleaches and auxiliary agents. Repeated exposure to surfactants can cause damage to the lipid film layer of the skin. Textile constructions used in clothing are also complex. Most apparel fabrics will be subject to a laundering process containing detergent at some time in the life cycle and thus it can be surmised that the combination of clothing and detergent is likely to be the cause of some skin problems. Certain fibre types show higher absorption rates than others. If surfactants present in domestic detergents are preferentially absorbed into the fabric during laundering and inadequately removed by rinsing a build‐up of the surfactant may exacerbate skin irritation. This paper offers a review of the debate on the effects of detergents on skin disorders plus recent research on clothing and detergents.     

FABRIC APPEARANCE AND HANDLE

Consumer judgment of the quality of a fabric depends on appearance and handle and in this paper factors such as fibre content, fabric construction, finish and illumination which influence these parameters are discussed in detail. The rigidity and crease recovery of fabrics are also considered and statistical procedures used for rating subjective assessments are described.     

A survey of commercial laundry detergents - how effective are they?: Part III: powders,liquids and hard water

The effectiveness of 42 detergents, 11 non-phosphate containing powdered detergents, 12 phosphate containing powdered detergents, 11 unbuilt liquid detergents and eight built liquid detergents, of varying formulations, in cleaning a standard soiled fabric in water of varying hardness was evaluated. Powdered detergents were found to be significantly affected only at very high water hardness levels. There was no significant difference between washing in warm and hot water for the liquid detergents, except for a melaleucaoil based detergent which performed significantly better in hot water. Increasing water hardness had no significant effect on liquid detergents. Powdered detergents performed better than liquid detergents in cleaning the standard soiled fabric. While no one detergent was significantly better than the others, in general, washing with detergents that contained phosphates did give somewhat better results in warm water. Detergents that contained bleach as an additive did not result in whiter fabric.