不确定视角下联盟资产类型和治理机制的关系分析

本文从实证的角度,探讨不确定环境下不同联盟资产类型对联盟治理机制选择的影响。在技术不确定性、市场不确定性和内部不确定性的条件下,研究战略联盟资产类型和联盟治理机制之间的关系。结果表明,联盟中知识类资产和关系治理机制正相关,而所有权类资产和关系治理机制负相关,技术不确定性和市场不确定对关系治理机制有正的调节作用,内部不确定性对关系治理机制有负的调节作用;其中技术不确定性加强知识类资产和关系治理机制的正相关,而内部不确定性加强所有权类资产和关系治理机制的负相关。     

资本资产定价模型限制问题分析研究综述

资本资产定价模型,简称CAPM,是在投资组合理论和资本市场理论基础上形成发展起来的,是现代金融市场价格理论的支柱。广泛应用于投资决策的公司理财领域。在资本资产定价模型的基础下,发展出如套利定价模型、跨时资本资产定价模型以及消费资本资产定价模型等相应理论,形成了一个较为系统的资本市场均衡理论体系。但资本资产定价模型,即CAPM也同样有不可忽视的缺陷,即资本资产定价模型采用了众多的假设前提,给资本资产定价模型设定了一个无摩擦,完美的生存环境,也是这个完美的大环境与现有的金融市场并不一致,造成了资本资产定价模型的"万能钥匙"而在现实金融市场中屡次碰壁。因此,本文对近年来我国学者与现实存在冲突的几个角度对资本资产定价模型研究的概论和评述,包括存在交易成本、存在税收,投资者预期异质性以及对人力资本定价等问题,使得资本资产定价模型更加"接地气",同时也对资本资产定价模型的发展有新的认识。     

不确定性条件下投资中决策方法 --实物期权的定价模型分析

运用金融期权定价模型B--S、二项式模型,在不确定条件下对实物期权进行定价,帮助经营管理者进行投资决策并从不确定性中获得价值.     

不确定性条件下投资中决策方法——实物期权的定价模型分析

运用金融期权定价模型:B——S、二项式模型,在不确定条件下对实物期权进行定价,帮助经营管理者进行投资决策并从不确定性中获得价值。     

上海股市银行股的CAPM实证分析

一、CAPM模型简介资本资产定价模型的基础是马科维茨的均值-方差投资组合理论。在均衡经济学中研究市场中投资者行为时,一般假定投资者为经济人,投资追求的是投资收益最大化而得到的效用最大化。在商品市场中,由于价格一般为已知,使用效用最大化原则容易得到市场的均衡情形。而在金融市场中,这种思想的沿用存在一定的困难。这是因为金融市场中存在很大的不确定性,理性投资者在此情况下,不只单纯考虑收益的最大化,同时还要考虑不确定性的影响,也就是说,此时投资者的效用函数已不再仅仅是收益的一元函数。金融市场中的不确定性,即指资产未来…     

论CAPM在我国股市的应用

证券市场是市场体系中的重要组成部分,我国证券市场自1991年建立以来,发展十分迅速.而资本资产定价模型(Capital Asset Pricing Model,CAPM)作为金融市场现代价格理论的脊梁,已被广泛应用于股票基金、债券等资产定价的分析和确定,以及投资决策等领域.但基于CAPM的基础假设--有效市场,即不存在资本与信息流动的阻碍,如此严格的假设条件不禁令人怀疑它对现实市场的适用性,本文将对CAPM在我国的应用问题进行讨论.     

不确定性条件下投资中决策方法—实物期权的定价模型分析

运用金融期权定价模型：B—S．二项式模型，在不确定条件下对实物期权进行定价，帮助经营管理者进行投资决策并从不确定性中获得价值。     

期权定价模型评估质押知识产权价值的适用性探讨

随着我国产业结构调整的开展,创新型企业得到了前所未有的发展机会.由于创新型企业资产中超过50%是无形资产的构成特点,使得创新型企业难以在传统的金融体制下获得发展所需的资金.本文首先对目前流行的知识产权价值评估方式的优缺点分析,接着引入期权定价模型,对期权定价模型应用于知识产权价值评估的适用条件和类型进行探讨,希望通过对知识产权的准确定价促进创新型企业的融资开展.     

异质性时间偏好与资产定价探讨

资产定价理论一直是金融经济学的一个相当重要的课题,它试图来解释未来一切条件不确定的情况下,所能够支付的资产价格或价值。而把异质性投资者引入则是资产定价发展的重要方向之一,本文将异质性时间偏好与Lucas纯交换经济框架相结合,分析出投资者所想要的投资方案和最优消费策略,最后探究出异质性时间偏好与资产定价之间的关系。     

异质性时间偏好与资产定价探讨

资产定价理论一直是金融经济学的一个相当重要的课题,它试图来解释未来一切条件不确定的情况下,所能够支付的资产价格或价值.而把异质性投资者引入则是资产定价发展的重要方向之一,本文将异质性时间偏好与Lucas纯交换经济框架相结合,分析出投资者所想要的投资方案和最优消费策略,最后探究出异质性时间偏好与资产定价之问的关系.     

基于Heston's SV模型下带有违约风险的最优再保险-投资策略

对于模糊厌恶型保险公司，在可违约金融市场中，考虑其比例再保险-投资问题。假设在任意时刻保险公司可购买比例再保险和投资无风险资产、风险资产和可违约债券，其中风险资产价格服从Heston's SV (Heston's Stochastic Volatility) 模型。首先，考虑模型不确定性，采用与参考模型概率测度等价的概率测度描述替代模型。利用Girsanov变换得到保险公司在替代模型下的财富过程，并通过动态规划原理建立了相应的HJB (Hamilton-Jacob-Bellman) 方程，其中，文章用含状态依赖的不同偏好参数度量模型不确定性的模糊度。其次，分别在违约前和违约后的情况下，针对CARA (Constant Absolute Risk Aversion) 效用函数求解HJB方程，得到了最优稳键的再保险-投资策略，并给出了数值模拟和经济学解释。结果表明：相比较使用同一偏好参数的模型结果，文章的最优策略的表达式更精确，考虑的模型更符合实际金融环境。     

A closer look at co-movements among stock returns

Correlation among financial assets is widely recognized; however, the mechanics of the relationship are not well understood. This paper investigates the microstructure of the co-movement of stock returns. The goal is to improve our understanding of correlation among stock returns by examining the conditions under which asset returns co-move on an intra-day basis. The methodology combines a traditional lead–lag model with a modified or pseudo-error correction model. Empirical evidence is presented to suggest the speed of adjustment between paired asset intra-day returns is a function of asymmetric information. Specifically, the wider an asset's spread, the faster the asset will converge to the intra-day returns of other similar assets. This result is consistent with partial adjustment model presented by Chan (Chan, K. (1993). Imperfect information and cross-autocorrelation among stock prices. The Journal of Finance:1211–1230.) which suggests market makers gain from monitoring other market makers in periods of uncertainty.     

Financial super-markets: size matters for asset trade

Empirically, demand and market size effects play an important role for international trade in assets and the determination of asset prices. Financial integration decreases the cost of capital, asset prices increase with investors base and market size determines international financial flows. We present a two-country model with an endogenous number of financial assets, where the interaction of a risk diversification motive and market segmentation explains those facts. In our set up, an imperfectly competitive structure of financial markets emerges naturally and provides a new source for home bias in equity holdings. Due to co-ordination failures, the extent of financial market incompleteness is inefficiently high in equilibrium.     

A generalized theoretical modelling approach for the assessment of economic-capital under asset market liquidity risk constraints

This paper proposes a concrete theoretical foundation and a new modelling framework that attempts to tackle the issue of market/liquidity risk and economic-capital estimation at a portfolio level by combining two mutual asset market/liquidity risk models. In essence, this study extends research literature related to the assessment of the asset market/liquidity risk by providing a generalized theoretical modelling underpinning that handle, from the same perspective, market and liquidity risks jointly and integrate both risks into a portfolio setting without a commensurate increase of statistical postulations. As such, we argue that market and liquidity risk components are correlated in most cases and can be integrated into one single market/liquidity framework that consists of two interrelated sub-components. The first component is attributed to the impact of adverse price movements and is modelled based on the concept of liquidity-adjusted value-at-risk framework, while the second component focuses on the risk of variation in transactions costs due to the bid-ask spreads and it attempts to measure the likelihood that it will cost more than expected to liquidate the asset position. As such, the model comprises a new approach to contemplating the impact of time-varying volatility of the bid-ask spread and its upshot on the overall asset market/liquidity risk. The modelling framework can be constructive for financial service industries in emerging-economies and particularly in reinforcing rational economic-capital allocation in light of the aftermaths of the sub-prime financial crisis.     

保险企业稳健型资产负债管理模型

金融市场当中的资产收益和利率波动具有不确定性,保险企业的财务目标是满足偿付能力要求,同时最大化期望收益,最小化风险。为了实现这一稳健的财务目标,保险企业需要在不确定性条件下对资产与负债实行有效管理。     

Quantitative implications of a debt-deflation theory of Sudden Stops and asset prices

This paper shows that the quantitative predictions of an equilibrium asset-pricing model with financial frictions are consistent with key features of the Sudden Stop phenomenon. Foreign traders incur costs in trading assets with domestic agents, and a collateral constraint limits external debt to a fraction of the market value of domestic equity holdings. When this constraint does not bind, standard productivity shocks cause typical real-business-cycle effects. When it binds, the same shocks cause strikingly different effects depending on the leverage ratio and asset market liquidity. With high leverage and a liquid market, the shocks force “fire sales” of assets and Fisher's debt-deflation mechanism amplifies the responses of asset prices, consumption and the current account. Precautionary saving makes these Sudden Stops infrequent in the long run.     

利率市场化与资产证券化兴起：来自美国经验的启示

资产证券化是20世纪最重要的金融产品创新之一,历经四十余年发展资产证券化产品日渐成熟．规模可与公司债市场匹敌。通过系统梳理美国资产证券化市场的发展脉络可以看出：资产证券化是美国支持房地产融资、解决贷款资金来源的盘活存量之道;利率市场化是资产证券化兴起的催化剂：信托法律关系的创新完善是美国资产证券化大规模发展的必要条件;投资银行持续创新产品设计使其更能为投资者接受。这为中国金融市场的发展提供了参考。     

主权财富基金的生存困境与发展动向

主权财富基金面临着追求国家战略意图与商业回报的困境、被动投资与积极股东主义的困境、平衡透明度与商业秘密的困境、促进金融市场稳定与危及金融市场稳定的困境以及全球化自由投资与日益抬头的金融保护主义的冲突。主权财富管理正逐渐从传统的以规避风险为目的的流动性管理模式,向更加多元化和具有更强风险承受能力的资产管理模式转变。主权财富基金发展趋势具有两个特点：一是资产规模持续增长、规模不断扩大;二是普遍采取专业化、市场化运作手段和多元化投资经营策略,谋求长远投资,获得较高收益。     

Equilibrium Pricing in the Presence of Cumulative Dividends Following a Diffusion

The paper presents some security market pricing results in the setting of a security market equilibrium in continuous time. The theme of the paper is financial valuation theory when the primitive assets pay out real dividends represented by processes of unbounded variation. In continuous time, when the models are also continuous, this is the most general representation of real dividends, and it can be of practical interest to analyze such models.
Taking as the starting point an extension to continuous time of the Lucas consumption-based model, we derive the equilibrium short-term interest rate, present a new derivation of the consumption-based capital asset pricing model, demonstrate how equilibrium forward and futures prices can be derived, including several examples, and finally we derive the equilibrium price of a European call option in a situation where the underlying asset pays dividends according to an Itô process of unbounded variation. In the latter case we demonstrate how this pricing formula simplifies to known results in special cases, among them the famous Black–Scholes formula and the Merton formula for a special dividend rate process.     

Hedging multiple price and quantity exposures

We examined the general hedging problem faced by a global portfolio manager or a pure exporting multinational firm. Most hedging models assume that these economic agents hold only a single asset in the spot market and are exposed only to a single source of price–quantity uncertainty. Such models are less relevant to many financial and exporting firms that face multiple sources of risk. In this study, we developed a general hedging model that explicitly recognizes that these hedgers are faced with multiple price and quantity uncertainties. Our model takes advantage of the full correlation structure of changes in spot prices, quantities, and forward prices. We performed simulations of the hedging model for a firm with two pairs of price and quantity exposures to demonstrate potential gains in hedging efficiency and effectiveness. © 2001 John Wiley & Sons, Inc. Jrl Fut Mark 21:145–172, 2001