A Domestic View of Economic and Trade Development

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Computers and business — A case of ethical overload

A technological revolution with first order implications is undeniable and underway. That is the permeation of society by computers and telecommunications technology. For western society, committed to a social, economic, and value structure premised upon an industrial society, the move to an information society is more than disruptive; it is transformational. Current changes are so rapidly paced in relation to business planning that it creates major challenges and opportunities to reach out, influence, and guide the change.The telematics revolution will affect every aspect of our society since it will affect every aspect of our world which involves the generation, production, storage, or handling of information. Many ethical issues are touched upon. To sum them up, the new immorality is to choose to act in ignorance of future consequences. Joseph F. Coates, 3738 Kanawha Street, N.W., Washington, D.C. 70015. This paper was presented at The Management of Computer Technology: Values and Choices in Corporate and Public Policy, during The Fourth National Conference on Business Ethics, Bentley College, Waltham, Mass., April 3, 1981.     

A Study of Older Australians’ Volunteering and Quality of Life: Empirical Evidence and Policy Implications

Older Australians are confronted by dramatic changes in their physical, social, financial, and psychological well-being. There are social costs to these changes related to their productivity and increased costs associated with caring for older Australians. Greater community engagement through voluntary work practice may minimize these costs, as well as positively influence volunteers' subjective quality of life (QOL). This study investigates the motivations for older Australians to engage in formal voluntary work. It seeks to identify whether the motivational factors to volunteer are associated with individuals' subjective QOL. The results indicate a positive relationship between older people's motivations to volunteer and their subjective QOL. This association is strengthened by respondents' community orientation, positive perception of voluntary work, positive personal attitudes toward volunteering, and their self-esteem. The role of policy makers in motivating larger participation by the older groups is discussed.     

A resurgence of US manufacturing — Evidence and wishful thinking

The US manufacturing sector is currently experiencing its most signifi cant upswing in 35 years, leading many politicians and economic analysts to claim that the US economy is being re-industrialised. While the notion of a renaissance of the industrial sector does not seem far-fetched, given that the US is experiencing a shale gas and oil boom, this will not necessarily translate into significantly higher outputs. Upon closer examination of some of the key indicators, it becomes evident that the facts do not yet bear out the claim of a resurgence of manufacturing in the US. Therefore, it may be premature to identify US industry as a newly superior global competitor to the EU.     

Global competition and diffusion of the “A”list

Focusing on the global diffusion of the “A” list consisting of predominantly U.S.-based journals, we argue that such diffusion represents an important form of professionalization in the management of business schools. The diffusion can also be viewed as an intellectual movement in the age of global competition characterized by a flat world. How can we explain the recent diffusion of the “A” list? More important, how does such diffusion impact the future of business and management scholarship? Addressing these important but underexplored questions, we identify the multilevel factors that explain the diffusion, and predict its likely trajectory and its impact on future scholarship.     

A Summary of Economic and Trade Cooperation for 15 Years Between China and ASEAN

China and ASEAN are linked by common mountains and rivers, and closely related and mutually dependent. What is to be proud of is that we have kept traditional friendship and trade contacts for thousands of years. We are glad that we choose each other first and establish the economic     

The Social Integration of Immigrants and the Role of Policy — A Literature Review

As with economic integration, immigrants’ social integration improves along with their years of residence in destination countries. Policies have some potential to influence the process of social integration.     

A cross-national study of Twitter users’ motivations and continuance intentions

Given the explosive popularity and growth of microblogging worldwide and its potential use in the areas of public policy, civic activism, as well as marketing and advertising, the questions of why and how individuals use these services warrant a comprehensive research. While some studies addressing motivations to join and continue using Twitter have been published, no research to date has investigated these issues in the context of developing economies. This exploratory study seeks to build an understanding of Twitter usage and continuance motivations in Ukraine, and compares them to those of the US users. The findings of the study suggest that participants in both countries use Twitter for professional development, entertainment, status maintenance, and social interaction and exchange. The Ukrainian participants, however, emphasize Twitter use for identity negotiation and self-expression, as well as for news updates and sharing. The study also examines how different motivations of joining Twitter affect current Twitter usage and continuance intentions, and provides implications for public policy and advertising.     

A Survey of Managers’ Perceptions of Corporate Ethics and Social Responsibility and Actions that may Affect Companies’ Success

This exploratory study examines how managers and professionals regard the ethical and social responsibility reputations of 60 well-known Australian and International companies, and how this in turn influences their attitudes and behaviour towards these organisations. More than 350 MBA, other postgraduate business students, and participants in Australian Institute of Management (Western Australia) management education programmes were surveyed to evaluate how ethical and socially responsible they believed the 60 organisations to be. The survey sought to determine what these participants considered ‘ethical’ and ‘socially responsible’ behaviour in organisations to be. The survey also examined how the participants’ beliefs influenced their attitudes and intended behaviours towards these organisations. The results of this survey indicate that many managers and professionals have clear views about the ethical and social responsibility reputations of companies. This affects their attitudes towards these organisations which in turn has an impact on their intended behaviour towards them. These findings support the view in other research studies that well-educated managers and professionals are, to some extent, taking into account the ethical and social responsibility reputations of companies when deciding whether to work for them, use their services or buy shares in their companies.     

Guangxi Symposium on Investment and Trade：A Rehearsal of China-ASEAN Expo

2003 Guangxi Symposium on Investment and Trade was the fifth Symposium on Investment and Trade held by Guangxi,and also the first large-scale symposium on economy and trade since China declared that China-ASEAN Expo will be held annually in Nanning of Guangxi starting from 2004.Many insiders think this significant symposium is just as a rehearsal of next year‘s China ASEAN Expo.     

Does servant leadership foster creativity and innovation? A multi-level mediation study of identification and prototypicality

The purpose of this multi-level study is to examine how servant leadership affects both employee creativity and team innovation. Drawing from social identity, in particular, relational identification theory, we found on the basis of a two-nation Asian sample of 154 teams that servant leadership promotes individual relational identification and collective prototypicality with the leader which, in turn, fosters employee creativity and team innovation. In addition, our study suggests that the mediated effect of leader identification is strongest when team climate for innovation is high.     

Pester power – A battle of wills between children and their parents

Abstract

A widespread concern in the child-marketing literature, and indeed at a societal level, is that of pester power. There is a prevailing school of thought that holds that where children pose purchasing requests to their parents, pestering and unhappiness may result if those requests are denied. This paper approaches this issue by accessing children's views on pester power, as opposed to previous research studies that have tended to prioritise parental perspectives. Findings are presented from an interpretive study involving children aged between seven and nine years. The study suggests that children understand the various responses that parents make to purchase requests, for example, agreement, refusal, procrastination, and negotiation, and their parents' rationale for such responses. Furthermore, the outcome of such interaction tends to constitute more of a good-natured ‘game’ between parent and child, as suggested by the children, as opposed to the negative overtones of conflict indicated in the literature. The paper concludes that this interaction can be more closely aligned with our expanding understanding of the process of consumer socialisation, rather than the negative connotations of pester power and conflict phenomena, as suggested in previous studies.     

The Export-Import Bank of China：A Bridge Linking China and the World

The Bank currently is rated by Moody＇s Investors Service and Standard ＆ Poor＇s. The ratings on the Bank are the same as those assigned to the People＇s Republic of China.     

Concepts and Plans of Service Innovation Build Brand of CIETAC——A Talk with Wang Shengchang

At the new stage when our country starts the overall construction of a better-off society, and when we are confronted with the chances and challenges brought by globalization and China‘s entry into WTO, China Council for the Promotion of International Trade (CCPIT) points out that it is necessary to draw up the objectives of general development from 2004 to 2008 relating to service innovation, brand building,     

Business Schools and the Development of Responsible Leaders: A Proposition of Edgar Morin’s Transdisciplinarity

The subprime mortgage crisis which was caused to a large degree by questionable mortgage lending and securitization practices that were furthered by deregulatory policies devastated the economy, led to large scale unemployment, and caused the foreclosure of millions of homes. There is evidence that numerous mortgage companies, financial firms, rating agencies, and high-level professionals were involved in unethical and often fraudulent business practices leading to the most severe economic meltdown since the Great Depression. In spite of the great economic and social harm, there was a lack of criminal sanctions against those companies and individuals, who were involved in creating the crisis that reached even global dimensions. This article analyses the reasons for and the possible social impacts of the lack of criminal sanctions against those who crossed the line between unethical and criminal business practices.     

The Conflict of Ethos and Ethics: A Sociological Theory of Business People’s Ethical Values

This article develops a sociological theory of ambivalence to explain several puzzling and contradictory ethical attitudes of business people: (1) a simultaneous disposition to comparatively more self-interested and more charitable behavior than many other occupational groups and (2) a moderate level of receptiveness to inculcation of moral principles through social channels such as higher education. We test the theory by comparing the way that business students rate the ethical acceptability of various ethically challenging scenarios with the way that criminal justice students rate these same scenarios. We also explore the malleability of ethical views by measuring differences between the responses of sophomores and seniors. The data generally support hypotheses based on a theory of ambivalence. At the same time, however, we also report on findings that suggest alternative explanations to ambivalence.     

Secrecy versus Transparency—A Comparative Study of Social and Environmental Disclosure Practice in Croatian and Swedish Corporations

Both agency, institutional, and cultural factors seem to explain transparency and disclosure practice. The aim of this study is to make a comparative study of disclosure practice among listed corporations in Croatia and Sweden. The study shows that Swedish corporations disclose significantly more social disclosures than Croatian corporations. Size and industry have a strong explanatory power in Sweden. In Croatia, industry has some explanatory power but surprisingly not firm size. However, unlike Sweden, the variable audit firm has an explanatory power in Croatia.