“华盛顿共识”与“后华盛顿共识”之比较

“华盛顿共识”提出后,在理论研究和改革实践方面均受到重视,然而,实践证明其效果并不理想。在前者的基础上,学界提出了“后华盛顿共识”。文章将两者作了深入的分析和比较。     

“后金融危机”背景下河南产业结构调整问题研究

2009年后随着世界各主要经济体相继走出金融危机阴影。世界已进入“后危机”时代。经济形势的变化意味着。危机期间以“大规模、高强度”为特征的总量调控措施理应淡出政策基本面;“结构调整、经济转型”将成为“后危机”时代我国宏观调控政策主线。本文以“后危机”时代河南省产业结构调整、河南产业转型为基本思路。结合刘易斯二元经济理论和库兹涅茨倒U型曲线等基本理论。分析了改革开放后河南产业结构的变迁。进而结合国家的各项产业政策和“后危机”时代河南产业结构调整的一系列问题提出了“后危机”时代河南产业结构调整基本思路。     

马克思经济危机理论与凯恩斯经济危机理论比较

马克思在《资本论》等著作中对生产过剩经济危机理论进行了系统分析,凯恩斯在《就业、利息和货币通论》中论述了有效需求不足而导致的经济危机,两者的经济危机理论在危机根源以及应对政策上存在根本区别。重温这两种理论并对其进行比较分析,对于应对和预防经济危机有重要现实意义。     

论旅游景区危机管理模型的构建

旅游景区危机具有普遍性和极大的破坏性。为有效避免危机的发生,降低危机对景区造成的破坏,旅游景区应未雨绸缪,加强危机管理。本文在综述旅游危机管理相关研究的基础上,运用复杂性科学理论解读危机的成因及其演变过程,将旅游景区危机管理划分为危机前、危机和危机后三个阶段,并在此基础上提出了旅游景区危机管理5R模型。     

“国进民退”

金融危机初临时，许多人都在预测危机过后中国的经济增长方式将出现革命性变化，一些新的经济力量和组织模式将涌现。然而，一年后的今天人们唯一能清楚看到的，是各主要经济资源再次向国有企业集中回流。政府出台的十大产业振兴规划和4万亿经济刺激方案，也使得国有企业成了后危机时代最大的受益集团。     

亡羊补牢“危机处理”为时不晚：与媒体沟通的三个“第一”和四个“忠告”

竞争对手在寻找你的破绽和漏洞；新闻媒体在寻找着爆炸性新闻；政府职能部门在监测着企业的一举一动；企业内部的生产、销售、财务等部门可能不时有程度不同的错误发生；自然灾害、流行疫病等突发情况的威胁……任何一场危机都可能给企业带来灭顶之灾。当危机发生时，若没有危机公关意识，不能及时有效地展开危机处理，则可能很快陷入绝境；相反，若学会使用危机公关，理智应对，则能快速阻止事态恶化，走出阴影，使企业重现生机。俗话说，“亡羊补牢，为时不晚”。面对危机，我们不仅要具有危机公关意识，最重要的是和媒体在沟通上注意一些技巧，然后进行有效快速的危机处理。     

“八○”后军人危机干预及对策研究

心理危机容易加剧官兵的心理不平衡,特别是"八○"后的青年官兵,他们的心理危机也越来越受到关注。对他们采取及时有效的干预措施,有利于部队战斗力的生成和提高。     

“国家破产”危机的实质与根源探讨

一个主权国家是否会因国际金融危机而导致国家破产,既是理论问题,又是现实问题."国家破产"危机在一定程度上是国际债务危机,是一个主权国家整体上处于资不抵债时的危机状态.一个主权国家会不会因金融危机真正导致破产呢?回答这一问题,须从"国家破产"的实质和根源进行研究探讨.     

高失业率与“凯恩斯主义”的复兴

20世纪50年代经济大危机爆发后,新古典经济学产生危机,凯恩斯掀起了现代经济思想史上的“革命”。经济学上的危机、革命和综合,是西方现代经济运行的必然选择。     

浅析哈贝马斯的“合法化危机”理论及其意义

哈贝马斯所说的合法化危机存在于晚期资本主义社会中,这种危机的特点是全面的,它涉及经济、政治、文化三个领域。合法化危机其实就是统治的合法性危机,对此哈贝马斯提出了交往行为理论来解决这一危机。合法化危机理论的提出对于我们应对经济危机和我国的思想文化建设具有重要的意义。     

当前世界经济危机与20世纪30年代经济大萧条的比较分析

当前世界经济危机与20世纪30年代经济大萧条是世界经济史上最严重的两次经济危机。这两次危机尽管发生的时代背景不同,但是仍具有诸多可比性,通过比较分析能够得出一些有益的启示。两次危机具有危机前＂虚假＂繁荣、经济泡沫化、危机的国际传导机理以及相似性的对策之争四个方面的共同特征,但是两次危机在诱因和根源上呈现不同特征。因此,应对当前世界经济危机不宜照搬传统的＂新政＂,而应采取新的对策思维与措施。     

对国际金融危机的再认识

我们对国际金融危机的预测是失误的,解读是失误的,教训的吸取也是失误的。本文指出,经济危机并非只和资本主义制度相伴随,只要存在三个必备条件,就会周期性地出现经济危机。尽管经济危机必不可免,但它具有三重革命性作用。中国应对国际金融危机为国际社会作出了重大贡献,但中国式的应对定会产生许多中国式的问题和困难。     

A Tale of Two Crises: One We Missed and One We Can’t Afford To

The current economic crisis seems to be waning, largely due to effective federal government and Federal Reserve responses. Economists deserve credit for helping to avoid the abyss, but we failed to predict the crisis and warn policymakers so that the crisis could have been mitigated or avoided. We must not miss predicting the next crisis, however, as it is staring us in the face. We can see clearly that federal debt will severely damage the U.S. economy within several decades under current policy. Moreover, simulations that take into account the effect of debt on interest rates indicate that the depressing effect on the U.S. economy will be even worse than official projections suggest.     

Crisis leadership in economic recession: A three-barrier approach to offset external constraints

An economic recession is a type of crisis originated from external factors that may imperil an organization’s survival depending on the intensity and duration of the crisis. In peripheral European countries, such as Portugal, the recent financial crisis had devastating effects on various business activities. As a result, Portugal represents an important case study in examining how some corporate leaders have handled the economic recession successfully. I interviewed 20 corporate managers to capture their perceptions of the leadership traits and behaviors exhibited by their CEOs in guiding their companies through the recession. In economic recessions, negative constraints do not affect the most effective leaders, who instead erect barriers against the high-pressure conditions to create a supportive, positive work environment. In order to achieve maximum effectiveness, leaders must act as blocking agents against the negative social impacts of the economic crisis, including the fragility of trust in organizational life (i.e., a barrier against distrust), uncertainty of the future (i.e., a barrier against uncertainty), and toxic emotions (i.e., a barrier against toxic emotions).     

Cutting wages and employment in the public sector: Smarter fiscal consolidation strategies needed

This article provides an overview of the impact of public sector pay and employment cutbacks in EU countries and discusses their justification as part of austerity packages. It begins with the outcomes in the countries first hit by the economic crisis before discussing the impact of the crisis and the perceived need for austerity on collective bargaining in the public sector of other EU countries. It then turns to the arguments put forward for focusing on public sector cuts as a means of fiscal consolidation and submits them to critical review. Policy conclusions are drawn regarding collective bargaining, public sector pay issues and pathways to fiscal consolidation in Europe that would be more effective in economic terms and more equitable in social terms.     

欧债危机对我国对欧出口贸易的影响与因应措施

欧盟是中国最大的贸易伙伴。随着欧债危机逐渐从欧元区外围国家向核心国家蔓延,欧债危机引起的整个欧洲经济增长乏力、欧元贬值等问题势必会使中国对欧出口贸易受到影响。随着欧债危机的深化,相关成员国势必实施严格的紧缩政策,从而将使中国对欧出口遭遇更严峻的形势。鉴于欧元区在中国外贸出口中的重要地位,我们必须尽早设定应对措施,以期减缓欧债危机可能对我国经济造成的冲击。     

Current Marketing Practices and Market Orientation in the Context of an Emerging Economy: The Case of Uruguay

This research explores the link between contemporary marketing practices, market orientation (MO), and business performance in Uruguay, an emergent country that has recovered from an economic crisis. These approaches seem to be related but there is no existing evidence to confirm this impression. Lessons can be learned from understanding how effective the adoption of marketing practices is under a crisis scenario. Using data from interviews with 143 micro and small firms' managers, we identify three clusters dependant on the combination of marketing practices: a multimarketing cluster, a medium‐level relationship marketing cluster, and a transactional cluster. A model relating MO components and various performance measures is tested for the three clusters, showing that the multimarketing and transactional clusters are more effective in translating efforts and resources into business outcomes.     

Unconventional economic policies and sentiment: An international assessment

This paper estimates, using Bayesian and global VARs, the spillover effects of unconventional fiscal and monetary policies implemented in the United States and in the Eurozone during the last decade. Consumer confidence and investor sentiment indicators are introduced in the models in order to highlight the signalling channel in the responses to economic policy innovations in times of crisis. Our results reveal that consumer and investor perceptions of innovative economic measures are relevant to study the pass-through of economic policies to the real sector in times of crisis and zero lower bound interest rates. In particular, the signalling channel plays an important role in successful unconventional economic policies. Moreover, if unconventional economic policies have an impact abroad, the effects are similar to those measured in the domestic country/region. Consequently, coordination and transparency are a prerequisite for ensuring short-term growth after a global financial crisis.     

Promoting sustainable financial behaviour: implications for education and research

The current financial crisis has clearly shown that national financial health is strongly tied to the household financial well‐being, and that most consumers were not well equipped with knowledge they needed to cope with this crisis. The failure of markets, institutions, businesses and households during the current financial crisis also revealed the serious economic risks posed by widespread unethical and irresponsible behaviour. The focus of this paper is to explore how, through financial education, we can improve the economic performance of individuals in the economy, both for their own well‐being and for the well‐being of society at large. However, for that to happen, the current approach to financial education will have to include the discussion of attitudes, values and beliefs that enable us to make financial decision that promote long‐term security for families and communities. After establishing the importance of financial education, the challenges and opportunities of the current status of financial education, with emphasis on the complexity of human and financial behaviour, are discussed. It, then, argues for the promotion of responsible behaviour by integrating fundamental values in financial education. Discussion of how selected learning theories can be used to develop effective teaching approaches and the implications for future research conclude the paper.     

全球经济周期调整与中国对外开放政策

伴随金融危机,全球经济处于一个艰难的调整期。在这一时期中无论是发达经济体和新兴经济体经济都遭受巨大冲击,甚至不同程度陷入衰退;中国的经济也受到很大不利影响。为了应对金融危机,保持经济增长,中国应积极调整对外开放政策。