对新型网络诈骗犯罪的思考

基于网络信息技术的迅速发展，计算机犯罪在很多领域出现了新问题，此后各种相关的计算机犯罪层出不穷。文章主要从计算机犯罪和网络犯罪的关系、具体的网络诈骗问题以及计算机犯罪的完善三方面进行分析，指出了计算机犯罪与网络犯罪在本质上的区别，进而对计算机犯罪的下位犯罪——网络犯罪进行深入研究。通过计算机犯罪的有关探讨，从而达到进一步完善计算机犯罪的相关立法、预防计算机犯罪的目的。     

计算机网络犯罪的立法问题

<正>计算机网络犯罪的技术措施愈来愈多,对于控制计算机网络犯罪发挥着愈来愈重要的作用。相比而言,计算机网络犯罪的法律措施则明显滞后,对预防和惩治计算机网络犯罪显现不力。"前一段时间闹得沸沸扬扬的‘熊猫烧香’病毒事件再一次给我们敲响了警钟。"全国人大代表张学东说,"计算机网络犯罪日益猖獗,制定网络安全法已经迫在眉睫。"因此,本人认为:应当加强惩治计算机网络犯罪的立法。     

论网络犯罪的管辖

由于互联网的日渐普及,网络犯罪逐渐被国际社会所重视。与传统犯罪相比,网络犯罪呈现出很强的辐射性和全球性特征。如何解决网络犯罪管辖权的冲突,确定网络犯罪的刑事管辖权,使有关部门得以有效率地打击网络犯罪,是现在针对网络犯罪的重要问题。     

浅谈计算机网络犯罪

计算机网络犯罪,是指以计算机网络为媒介,以计算机网络资产为对象,运用网络技术,对存储于网络空间里的信息进行侵犯的严重危害网络安全的行为。它与传统的犯罪有着巨大的差异,具有鲜明的特点。网络犯罪的日益广泛性和给社会所带来的巨大破坏作用给我们提出了一个新的、紧迫的课题:如何防范日益猖獗的网络犯罪,减少网络犯罪造成的巨大损失,成为信息时代的当务之急。     

计算机犯罪的特征与预防

<正>一、计算机犯罪的概念、类型(一)计算机犯罪的概念:所谓计算机网络犯罪,就是犯罪分子利用计算机或网络技术、管理的安全漏洞,并通过计算机或网络对受害者     

网络犯罪的法律防控

随着网络技术的飞速发展,网络在不同程度上改变了人们的生活方式,也给社会带来了诸多问题,网络犯罪是其中最为严重的问题之一。本文主要通过对网络犯罪产生的社会背景和危害性进行分析,并阐述了网络犯罪法律防控的必要性和急迫性,在此基础上,提出建立以法律防控为主体的网络犯罪综合防控体系的相关建议。     

论网络犯罪及其防治对策

网络犯罪是现代社会的一种新型犯罪,它包括以网络为对象的犯罪和以网络为犯罪现场的犯罪。它具有技术含量高、危害程度重、涉及面广、隐蔽性强等特征。因此,打击该种犯罪,要完善法律法规,加强网络犯罪立法的国际协调与合作。     

计算机网络犯罪的对策研究

随着互联网技术的发展,计算机网络犯罪也越来越猖獗。为了有效保障计算机网络安全,全面推进社会主义和谐社会建设,必须充分认识计算机网络犯罪的特点和原因,从而相应地采取各种措施,对计算机网络犯罪进行有效的防范和控制。     

我国网络监管工作面临的问题与应对

随着网络的普及应用和高速发展,网络犯罪呈现出新的特点和趋势,这对我国网络监管工作提出的新的要求,在严峻的网络犯罪形势下,如何更好地应对网络犯罪,作者提出以技术治网、以法治网、提高网监人员的素质、加强网上执法和网际间的司法合作等建议。     

网销假冒注册商标的商品违法行为认定探析

<正>一、网络销售假冒注册商标的商品犯罪概述1.网络销售假冒注册商标的商品犯罪的概念。网络销售假冒注册商标的商品犯罪是随着科学技术的进步和经济发展而出现的一种新型犯罪形式。网络销售假冒注册商标商品犯罪是以网络为主要工具，此类犯罪行为兼具了网络与市场营销的双重属性。2.网络销售假冒注册商标商品犯罪的特点。(1)销售渠道多样，犯罪涉及面广。     

Criminal incident prediction using a point-pattern-based density model

Law enforcement agencies need crime forecasts to support their tactical operations; namely, predicted crime locations for next week based on data from the previous week. Current practice simply assumes that spatial clusters of crimes or “hot spots” observed in the previous week will persist to the next week. This paper introduces a multivariate prediction model for hot spots that relates the features in an area to the predicted occurrence of crimes through the preference structure of criminals. We use a point-pattern-based transition density model for space–time event prediction that relies on criminal preference discovery as observed in the features chosen for past crimes. The resultant model outperforms the current practices, as demonstrated statistically by an application to breaking and entering incidents in Richmond, VA.     

The deterrence hypothesis revisited

This study explores the causes of crime and the differences in deterrent effects of policing on crimes among rural, suburban, and urban communities. We hypothesize that certain numbers of all crimes are unaffected by policing due to their high net return; policing deters only marginal crimes. That is, unlike other research efforts, we recognize that there is a level of crime indigenous to a given type of community about which little can be done, although a particular community can affect deviations from this level. By introducing this ‘natural rate' of crime we are able to empirically reveal the deterrence effect of police expenditures upon all types of property crimes except robberies. The study analyzes 230 communities in a system of six simultaneous equations, using police, crime, and other socio-economic variables. The model can be used by state and regional policy-makers to more effectively allocate resources to the different types of communities under their jurisdiction and among the various police functions designed to deter specific types of crime.     

浅议我国古代刑法制度中的罪数

罪数就是犯罪的个数。本来罪数是与犯罪现象相伴而生的,就是说有了犯罪即有了犯罪的个数问题。但是,罪数自一种客观存在的犯罪现象,发展为一种理论形态,乃至在法律上得到反映,是与人类文明同步进行的,是人类法律文化发展到一定阶段的产物。它经历了一个从客观到主观,从个别到一般、从朦胧到明确、从简单到系统的演变历程。本文通过叙述我国古代刑法制度关于罪数规定的演变进程,分析我国古代刑法制度中罪数的特点。     

Likelihood‐Based Inference and Prediction in Spatio‐Temporal Panel Count Models for Urban Crimes

We develop a panel count model with a latent spatio‐temporal heterogeneous state process for monthly severe crimes at the census‐tract level in Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania. Our dataset combines Uniform Crime Reporting data with socio‐economic data. The likelihood is estimated by efficient importance sampling techniques for high‐dimensional spatial models. Estimation results confirm the broken‐windows hypothesis whereby less severe crimes are leading indicators for severe crimes. In addition to ML parameter estimates, we compute several other statistics of interest for law enforcement such as spatio‐temporal elasticities of severe crimes with respect to less severe crimes, out‐of‐sample forecasts, predictive distributions and validation test statistics. Copyright © 2016 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.     

基于随机Petri网的IEEE 802.11DCF协议建模

本文首先提出了增强广义随机Petri网,增加了标识相关弧多样性和实施函数等特性,扩充了广义随机Petri网的模型功能,并给出了EGSPN的性能分析方法,建立了基于随机Petri网的802.11协议模型,并以RTS/CTS访问方式下协议性能计算及结果分析为例验证了该方法的有效性。     

Modeling Criminal Activity in an Area in Economic Decline: Local Economic Conditions Are a Major Factor in Local Property Crimes

A bstract . A multi-factor model includes economic, apprehension, seasonal a n d plant closing variables as the explanatory regressors and crimes against property as the dependent variable. Different lag structures were used on the explanatory variables such as an Almon distributed lag of a second degree polynominal nature and the lagging of the dependent variable by one quarter so that the model would more closely approximate the environment being considered. The results suggest a definite seasonal pattern in crimes against property, and the economic variables measuring local, not national, conditions, appear to be more significant regressors than any other explanatory variables.     

对深化和拓展治安防控体系建设的探讨

随着社会经济体制变革、结构和利益的变动与调整,各类刑事犯罪行为智能化、科技化、专业化日益突出,而建立健全现代治安防控体系是预防和减少犯罪的良策。     

Theorizing Financial Crimes as Moral Actions

Abstract

The paper maintains that all acts of financial crimes can be explained within a general theory of moral action and analyzed as such. In this regard, the paper presents such a theory – Situational Action Theory (SAT) – and argues that acts of financial crimes result from a perception-choice process involving rational deliberation and experimental habituation, themselves being the outcomes of interactions between individuals and their environments. To examine this argument, the paper draws on two recent high-profile fraud cases to critically discuss the extent to which these crimes should be meaningfully and innovatively analyzed as moral actions and the moral context in which they occur. The findings indicate that the feature most relevant to a criminogenic is its moral context in relation to the opportunities and frictions that it generates. As such, environmental factors along with psychosocial processes of moral education become particularly important in the explanation of why certain moral contexts emerge in particular kinds of settings at a particular point in time. In this regard, SAT can be used as a powerful overarching framework to gain a more comprehensive understanding of peoples’ choice processes to breach moral rules and devise effective crime prevention strategies to combat fraud.     

Integration, agglomeration and welfare

This paper studies the social desirability of agglomeration, and the efficiency arguments for policy intervention in a simple, analytically tractable new economic geography model. The location pattern emerging as market equilibrium is ‘bubble-shaped’, i.e. it features dispersion both at high and low trade costs and stable equilibria with partial and full agglomeration for intermediate levels of trade costs. We show that the market equilibrium is characterized by over-agglomeration for high trade costs and under-agglomeration for low trade costs, and we work out analytically that a net pecuniary externality is the underlying cause of this market failure. One particularly noteworthy result is that the net pecuniary externality is positive at high levels of trade freeness. However, there is no market under-agglomeration unless this positive net pecuniary externality interacts with an additional congestion force originating in the (per se efficient) competitive housing market.     

Corporate criminal law and organization incentives: a managerial perspective

Corporate criminal liability puts a serious challenge to the economic theory of enforcement. Are corporate crimes different from other crimes? Are these crimes best deterred by punishing individuals, punishing corporations, or both? What is optimal structure of sanctions? Should corporate liability be criminal or civil? This paper has two major contributions to the literature. First, it provides a common analytical framework to most results presented and largely discussed in the field. Second, by making use of the framework, we provide new insights into how corporations should be punished for the offenses committed by their employees. Copyright © 2000 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.