Hospitals and material management in the coming decade

The 1990s will be a decade of increasing dramatic and traumatic change for hospitals. Reimbursement, technology, and consumers, either alone or in concert, will be the forces that will shape hospitals in the future. At the end of the 1990s we will have hospitals that offer technology to the critically ill, outpatient surgical services, and comforting care for those in the late years of life. Material management will be important to hospitals because expense control will be as important as ever. However, I believe the role of a material manager will diminish as the services provided change and as the role is folded into the responsibilities of those who manage one of the three critical business areas hospitals will be in. This new hybrid of today's manager will still apply all of the concepts to the distribution of supplies in a hospital as today's material managers do but will use them as only a part of their overall management responsibility.     

Designing the innovating organization

The innovating organization described is one that recognizes and formalizes the roles, processes, rewards, and people practices that naturally lead to innovations. The point we have emphasized throughout this article is that the organization that purposely designs these roles and processes is more likely to generate innovations than is an organization that doesn't plan for this function. Such a purposely designed organization is needed to overcome the obstacles to innovation. Because innovation is destructive to many established groups, it will be resisted. Innovation is contrary to operations and will be ignored. These and other obstacles are more likely to be overcome if the organization is designed specifically to innovate.Managers have tried to overcome these obstacles by creating venture groups, by hiring some entrepreneurs, by creating “breakthrough funds,” or by offering special incentives. These are good policies but by themselves will not accomplish the goal. Figure 1 conveyed the message that a consistent set of policies concerning structure, process, rewards, and people are needed. The innovating organization is illustrated in Figure 7. It is the combination of idea people, reservations in which they can operate, sponsors to supervise them, funding for their ideas, and rewards for their success that increase the odds in favor of innovation. Simply implementing one or two of these practices will result in failure and will only give people the impression that such practices do not work. A consistent combination of such practices will create an innovating organization that will work.     

城市拆迁中的维权博弈

首先依据外部性原理和博弈论方法,构建了被拆迁人维权行为博弈模型,并对此进行了分析.研究表明,增加对被拆迁人的补偿比加大对拆迁人惩罚力度的效果要好;政府行政执法机关积极履行职责,要比被动查处拆迁人的侵权来保护被拆迁人的合法权益成本更低.最后,据此提出了建议.     

Barbarians at the gate: a critical appraisal of the influence of economics on the field and practice of HRM

This article considers the influence of economics on the field and practice of HRM. Modern innovations, such as transaction cost economics and personnel economics, have enabled mainstream economists to encamp on the terrain of HRM and neighbouring fields. The article will contend that these perspectives incorporate certain ‘myths’ about key HRM issues and will argue against their transplantation into the study of HRM. The claim made by some critics that the language and assumptions of economics contribute to ‘bad HRM’ practices in the real world will also be critically assessed. It will be argued that modern economic theories of HRM reflect reality rather more than they create it, and that their support for a narrow and regressive form of HRM is, to some extent, in keeping with the actual reality of many organisations in which unequal power and conflict remain ever‐present (if sometimes under the surface).     

Eliminating the "I hate you" in the supplier-purchasing relationship

Throughout time there has always been a supplier of some service or goods, and there has always been a purchaser of that service or goods. The one thing that has remained constant throughout that time is that they have an agreement not to like each other. This article will approach the subject in the "today" sense using current practical approaches that are used in all industries and will not deal with the relationships of the future. To cover this complex arena, the article will deal with four areas: (1) where we are now, (2) supplier-based concentration, (3) single sourcing, and (4) transportation techniques.     

Free-standing surgery centers; the wave of the future

To summarize, it should be realized that acceptance of surgicenters has happened. Surgery centers expect heightened awareness of their services as patients, in conjunction with their own physicians, make decisions based on cost, service, and convenience of the care provided. As copayments and deductibles increase, consumers have become better educated, taking a more active role in selecting their health care providers. This activity has given rise to joint ventures between physicians and hospitals offering new ambulatory care packages previously based in hospitals alone. The net effect will divide the health care industry into two markets, one that will manage high-intensity surgical procedures and one that will promote outpatient surgical procedures.     

企业剩余分配:一种以经济权力为状态依存特征的动态均衡--兼论控制权控制和完善上市公司治理结构

本文基于Nash讨价还价模型，引入经济权力概念，扩展了双人讨价还价模型和利益保护机制设计。指出在个体经济权力禀赋差异下，经济权力特性和自我强化功能决定了以经济权力状态依存特征的企业剩余分配过程，即经济权力大，个体获取的企业剩余分配比例就大，并随经济权力作用而得到强化。因此，要实现对弱势群体的利益保护，应赋予其足以制衡强权主体的经济权力。若经济权力用于代理人激励约束，委托主体的奖惩和承诺对代理人而言是可信的，就可实现企业效率和利益保护的双重功能。     

Optimum location and the theory of the firm under demand uncertainty

This paper presents a formal mathematical model to investigate the theoretical impacts and implications of demand uncertainty on the optimum location decisions of the firm in linear space. It will be shown that the results and implications of optimum location under uncertainty will be different from that applicable to the state of certainty.     

非封闭的SIS确定模型与随机模型的研究

文章通过对具常数输入人口,死亡率和出生率的的SIS模型的确定形式与随机形式的研究,得到文中定义的基本再生数R0燮1时,传染病最终会消失,而当基本再生数大于等1时,传染病人数将稳定,传染病最终会形成地方病,最后验证了两种模型的结果是一致的。     

浅析政府应对居民收入增加与财政收入减少的对策

党的十八大报告提出要千方百计增加居民收入,深化收入分配制度改革,实现发展成果由人民共享。然而在国民收入总量一定的条件下,居民收入比例增加,政府与企业的收入比例则会减少。因此,在社会主义市场经济条件下,如何平衡居民收入比重提高与财政收入减少两者之间的关系考验着政府的执政能力,关键在于明确政府职责,实现政府职能归位。     

Estimating the Weight Undersize Distribution for the Wicksell problem

In Wicksell's corpuscle problem one is interested in estimating the distribution of sphere diameters from the diameters of circle profiles obtained by a random section of the body containing the sphericle particles. The problem is known to be an ill posed inverse problem. Several regularization techniques have been applied to find solutions. We will review some of these in this article. In practical situations one often is more interested in the distribution of weight rather than the distribution of diameters. In estimating the weight undersite distribution similar problems are encountered. We will consider an estimator that is obtained by smoothing the distribution function of the circle diameters locally. It will be shown how the bandwidth must be chosen to obtain consistency and mean square error optirnality. Also asymptotic normality will be shown.     

The Future of the Accounting Profession

The litigation crisis in this country is a subject of great importance to the chief executive officers of public uccounting firms. 1 will first address the problem's magnitude and its source and then speculate on the developments we might expect in the future. Like all forecasts, mine will certainly be wrung. I hope that my degree of error on the pessimistic side will be considerable.     

我国工程地质的发展之探析

工程地质学是研究与工程建设有关的地质问题的科学。它的研究对象是地质环境与工程建筑二者相互制约、相互作用的关系,以及由此而产生的地质问题,包括对工程建筑有影响的工程地质问题,和对地质环境有影响的环境地质问题。它的任务是为各类工程建筑的规划、设计、施工提供地质依据,以便从地质上保证工程建筑的安全可靠、经济合理、使用方便、运行顺利。     

碳关税对世界经济和农产品贸易的影响研究

采用GTAP 8.0模拟欧盟、美国、日本分别和同时征收碳关税时对世界经济和产品贸易的影响。结果表明：碳关税将对世界经济均衡增长产生负面影响,受影响最大的是中国、金砖和东盟国家;碳关税将改变世界贸易结构和贸易利益格局,发达国家受益、发展中国家受损;碳关税将使世界农产品出口总额小幅下降,但对改善世界农产品贸易结构具有积极作用。     

我国城镇化高速发展期面临的若干挑战

作者认为 ,今后 2 0年将是中国城镇化高速发展时期 ,中国将面临以下挑战 :片面的城镇化率决定论导致过度城市化 ;大城市摊大饼式发展孕育严重的城市病 ;城市间的恶性竞争愈演愈烈 ;各类园区与大城市空间有序扩展脱节 ;城市防灾功能衰退 ,人居环境恶化 ;交通拥堵 ,市民出行日益困难 ;投资渠道分散 ,小城镇增长乏力 ;中小城市缺乏核心竞争力 ,城市功能不健全 ;城市风貌千城一面 ,特色丧失 ,建筑风格单一 ;城市居民收入差距日益扩大 ,就业率低 ,犯罪率上升 ;必要的基础设施严重短缺和形象工程过多同时存在 ;违法建筑屡禁不止 ,城乡结合部混乱不堪 ,等。对以上问题的成因进行了分析 ,提出了基本对策。     

A note on the length of the black-white border

Two simple models of racial prejudice and household location predict that the black area in a city will be of the shape that minimizes the length of the black-white border. This note provides a way to test these models by showing, for a variety of assumptions about urban structure, that in a city with a population more than about 10% black, the black-white border will be shorter if the black area is wedge-shaped than if it is circular.     

A necessary and sufficient condition for the positivity of the growth rate in the Neumann–Gale model of economic growth

In the paper I will discuss an extension of the classical problem of the positivity of the growth rate in the Gale–Neumann model. I will show that the exploitation of the labour is a necessary and sufficient condition for the positivity of the growth rate.     

Is the causal nexus of energy utilization and economic growth asymmetric in the US?

This paper re-examines the causal nexus of energy utilization and GDP per capita in the US. The novelty of the paper is to allow for asymmetry in causality by using a new test introduced by Hatemi-J (forthcoming). A bootstrap procedure is used with leveraged corrections that perform more accurately when the statistical assumptions for validity of asymptotic distributions are not fulfilled. This is especially the case for sample sizes as in the current paper. The estimation results reveal strongly that a negative energy consumption shock will cause a negative shock in the output per capita. That is, if the energy utilization per capita decreases then the output per capita will also decrease. Surprisingly, such a causal impact for positive shocks is not found. These empirical results might indicate that there is an optimal quantity of energy in the US that needs to be consumed as otherwise the economic growth will suffer. However, the consumption of energy beyond that optimal quantity will not necessarily result in an enhanced rate of economic growth.     

UPS收购TNT:三国时代来临

UPS同意出资426亿元收购TNT,创下全球物流业多年来最大规模的交易记录。震惊全球物流业的一宗巨资收购案近日揭晓。3月19日,美国联合包裹运送服务公司(United Parcel Service Inc.,下称UPS)宣布,将以每股9.5欧元的价格收购荷兰托马斯     

Exploring the Differences of Managers' Mental Model

SUMMARY

The aim of this research is to propose a framework that will guide the corporations in their policy making and strategic planning activities. The proposed tool will help the group members to articulate their business vision and the comprehensive set of strategic objectives which will result in a clear understanding of the strategic direction of the corporation. It will also be possible to satisfy agreement on strategies, good cooperation, teamwork, with an effective communication among group members. Finally, it will also be possible to underline the basic similarities and differences of opinions among the members of a management team and to see whether there are subgroups which have dominant roles in the structure of a shared map.