英语专业学生书面表达中的词块研究

本文根据J.Nattinger和J.DeCarrico(2000)的理论,采用定量和定性的分析方法,旨在揭示英语专业学生在英语写作中词块使用的情况。根据一年级与三年级学生作文词块使用情况的对比提出一年级学生使用词块种类较少,显得单一,重复性高,偏口语化,错误较多;而三年级学生作文由于使用词块种类较多,运用灵活,语言则显得更加地道。本文通过对词块的调查研究,对英语教学提出了两点启示。     

基于语料库的中国英语学习者近义词使用研究——以begin和start为例

本研究对比英语母语语料库(LOB)与中国学习者英语语料库(CLEC)中begin和start的使用情况,研究发现中国学生在使用begin一词时,过度使用begin后接不定式的搭配用法。此外,begin和start作为不及物动词的用法也存在显著差异,具体表现为使用不足。最后为英语教师与英语学习者提出begin和start使用中薄弱环节的针对性建议。     

运用词块教学法提高学生的英语写作水平

把词块法运用到英语教学当中可以促进学生对语法知识的掌握,提高其语言能力的发展,同样也可以很好的促进学生英语写作水平的提高。本文归纳了用词块法帮助学生提高英语写作水平的优势以及在具体的教学过程中教师怎样做才能让词块法更好的为提高学生的英语写作水平服务。     

中美英语社论中强势词的对比研究

本文对比研究了中美英语社论中强势词的使用情况。为此,本研究建立了一个总字数为246,771个单词的社论语料库,该语料库包含两个子语料库即China Daily社论语料和New York Times语料。本研究采用Antconc语料检索软件对英国国家语料(BNC)中使用最多的20个强势词进行了统计分析。研究结果表明中国英语使用者的英语具有其自身的语言特征。这些特征的原因主要在于文化差异性。本研究为跨文化交际和中国英语变体研究提供启示。     

中美英语社论中词块的对比修辞研究

本文对比研究了中美英语社论体裁的词块使用情况。为此目的,本文自建了一个包括两份报纸的英语社论,共246,771词。研究结果表明,两类语料在词块使用上存在显著差异。研究的意义在于,为跨文化交际和英语教学提供启示。     

词块理论在大学英语写作教学中的应用探析

英语写作对于学习者而言非常重要,在听、说、读、写这四项基本语言技能中,“写”的要求最高,难度最大.然而英语写作教学,不论国内还是国外,无论是母语还是外语,一直是困扰语言教师的一大难题所在.长久以来,在不同教育体系中,写作之难逐渐形成了一个令人生畏而又缺乏对策的瓶颈.中国非英语专业大学生英语写作普遍存在着学生词汇量不足、...     

浅谈母语影响下的英语语音学习

为探究母语是否会影响中国学生的英语语音学习,笔者通过对4名辽东学院英语专业学生的测试录音进行研究,结果表明中国学生的英语语音学习确实受到母语的影响。文旨在了解其影响,给中国学生的英语语音学习以一定启示。     

中国学生的母语迁移对英语写作的影响A

语言和思维关系密切.语言是思维的主要表现形式,而思维无时无刻都在制约和塑造着语言.我国学生的英文写作由于受母语迁移的干扰,成为多数非英语专业学生在英语学习中最为薄弱的一个环节.本文从语篇结构、句法、词语使用的角度分析了母语迁移对学生写作能力的影响,指出大学英语写作教学必须提高学生对英汉语思维模式的差异意识,并提出了如何缩小差异、培养学生写作能力的策略.     

母语负迁移对英语超音段特征的影响与教学探索

母语负迁移对英语超音段特征的影响是造成学生“中国味”英语发音的最主要因素。其中重音和节奏的把握又是难点中的难点。本文通过对母语负迁移对其的阻碍作用做出分析,结合教学实践就如何在语音教学中训练学生对重音和节奏的接受性意识提出一些有针对性的对策。     

CLIL在高校双语教学中的运用——以"国际会计"教学为例

CLIL(Content and Language Integrated Learning语言与内容融合式学习)是为适应欧洲一体化进程而发展起来的一种双语教学法.文章旨在探索英语作为外语学习的中国语境下的高校双语教学模式,分析CLIL与我国高校双语教学的适切性,并基于笔者所在院校"国际会计"双语教学实践的调查研究,将CLIL运用于由母语非英语的双语教师教授母语非英语的学生的国际会计双语教学实践,以供借鉴.     

Incumplimiento del salario mínimo en Europa central y oriental

En este estudio se analiza el incumplimiento del salario mínimo durante el periodo 2003–2012 en diez países de Europa central y oriental con salario mínimo obligatorio nacional. A partir de los datos de EU‐SILC y la metodología propuesta por Bhorat, Kanbur y Mayet (2013), se cuantifica la incidencia y magnitud del incumplimiento. Se realizan análisis de regresión sobre determinantes individuales, laborales y macroeconómicos. Aunque la incidencia permanece relativamente baja, los trabajadores a los que se dirigen las políticas de salario mínimo parecen los más expuestos a su incumplimiento. Con el tiempo, una mayor incidencia se asocia a una razón más alta entre salario mínimo y salario medio.     

Cultural Economy Planning in Creative Cities: Discourse and Practice

While a growing body of research analyses the functional mechanisms of the cultural or creative economy, there has been little attention devoted to understanding how local governments translate this work into policy. Moreover, research in this vein focuses predominately on Richard Florida's creative class thesis rather than considering the wider body of work that may influence policy. This article seeks to develop a deeper understanding of how municipalities conceptualize and plan for the cultural economy through the lens of two cities held up as model ‘creative cities’ — Austin, Texas and Toronto, Ontario. The work pays particular attention to how the cities adopt and adapt leading theories, strategies and discourses of the cultural economy. While policy documents indicate that the cities embrace the creative city model, in practice agencies tend to adapt conventional economic development strategies for cultural economy activity and appropriate the language of the creative city for multiple purposes.     

Input/output ranges and performance: an examination of US machine tool producers

Despite the establishment of high-tech multinational enterprises (MNEs) in Ireland since the late 1950s, the country did not succeed in closing the technological gap with most of its EU counterparts. The weak National System of Innovation (NSI), and in particular low business and government R&D levels, combined with a lack of research and technology linkages between MNEs and indigenous firms, explain these poor results. However, the Shannon region in the West of the country presents some specific institutional characteristics that could theoretically make the region a strong technological enclave. The various actors in the region - i.e. the administrative, financial, political and research institutions, as well as the business organizations - have indeed infused a new type of economic development. After a brief review of the available concepts and models articulated around these actors and their interrelationships, the paper analyses whether the Shannon region, taken as an illustrative example, mirrors a specific economic and technological localized setting. The study is based on a survey of indigenous and foreign firms.     

Sixty years of discrimination and diversity research in human resource management: A review with suggestions for future research directions

This article reviews discrimination and diversity research published in Human Resource Management (HRM) over the past 60 years. While discrimination and diversity are very different constructs, it is often informative to study them together, because when people recognize each other's diversity, this can result in bias, stereotyping, and discrimination. We conducted bibliographic searches for terms related to discrimination and diversity as well as a manual search through every title and abstract published in HRM over the last 60 years to assess article relevance. The search resulted in 135 research articles with 136 unique studies (i.e., samples) which are reviewed in this article. Sex and race are the demographics that have been examined the most in HRM, while religion has been examined the least. Moreover, the number of studies examining lesbian, gay, bisexual, transgender, and queer (LGBTQ) employees in the workplace in HRM has grown quickly within the past 10 years, culminating in a recent meta‐analysis. Our review looks at some of the earliest research published, the most recent research published, and the overall trends we identified in the research over the years for both discrimination and diversity articles. We then make future research suggestions and recommendations to advance the study of discrimination and diversity in the coming years.     

The Early History of the Cumulants and the Gram-Charlier Series

The early history of the Gram-Charlier series is discussed from three points of view: (1) a generalization of Laplace's central limit theorem, (2) a least squares approximation to a continuous function by means of Chebyshev-Hermite polynomials, (3) a generalization of Gauss's normal distribution to a system of skew distributions. Thiele defined the cumulants in terms of the moments, first by a recursion formula and later by an expansion of the logarithm of the moment generating function. He devised a differential operator which adjusts any cumulant to a desired value. His little known 1899 paper in Danish on the properties of the cumulants is translated into English in the Appendix.     

Capturing the Implications of Services Trade Liberalization

This paper evaluates the impact of service sector trade liberalization on the world economy by a ten-region, eleven-sector CGE model with import embodied technology transfer from developed countries to developing countries. Simulation results show that service sector trade liberalization not only directly affects world service production and trade, but also has significant implications for other sectors in the economy. The major channel of the impact is through inter-industry input-output relations and TFP growth induced from services imported by developing countries from developed countries, which may be embodied with new information and advanced technology.     

City Children and Genderfied Neighbourhoods: The New Generation as Urban Regeneration Strategy

Former industrial cities in the West are employing gentrification as urban policy. In these policies, women and families currently play an important role as gentrification pioneers. In my analysis of Rotterdam in the Netherlands, I propose the term genderfication to understand the gender dimensions of this process. Genderfication refers to the production of space for different gender relations. I analyse Rotterdam's urban planning program for becoming a ‘child‐friendly city’, which entails replacing existing urban dwellings with new, larger and more expensive ‘family‐friendly homes’ as a strategy for urban re‐generation. Urban re‐generation supplements regeneration in the form of material and economic restructuring, and refers to the replacement of part of the current population by a new and better suited generation. The ‘child‐friendly city program’ is considered in tandem with punitive ‘youth policies’.     

Hierarchical Models in Environmental Science

Environmental systems are complicated. They include very intricate spatio-temporal processes, interacting on a wide variety of scales. There is increasingly vast amounts of data for such processes from geographical information systems, remote sensing platforms, monitoring networks, and computer models. In addition, often there is a great variety of scientific knowledge available for such systems, from partial differential equations based on first principles to panel surveys. It is argued that it is not generally adequate to consider such processes from a joint perspective. Instead, the processes often must be considered as a coherently linked system of conditional models. This paper provides a brief overview of hierarchical approaches applied to environmental processes. The key elements of such models can be considered in three general stages, the data stage, process stage, and parameter stage. In each stage, complicated dependence structure is mitigated by conditioning. For example, the data stage can incorporate measurement errors as well as multiple datasets with varying supports. The process and parameter stages can allow spatial and spatio-temporal processes as well as the direct inclusion of scientific knowledge. The paper concludes with a discussion of some outstanding problems in hierarchical modelling of environmental systems, including the need for new collaboration approaches.     

Multinomial distributions applied to random sampling of particulate materials

When sampling a batch consisting of particulate material, the distribution of a sample estimator can be characterized using knowledge about the sample drawing process. With Bernoulli sampling, the number of particles in the sample is binomially distributed. Because this is rarely realized in practice, we propose a sampling design in which the possible samples have a nearly equal mass. Expected values and variances of the sample estimator are calculated. It is shown that the sample estimator becomes identical to the Horvitz–Thompson estimator in the case of a large batch-to-sample mass ratio and a large sample mass. Simulations and experiments were performed to test the theory. Simulations confirm that the round-off error due to the discrete nature of particles is negligible for large sample sizes. Sampling experiments were carried out with a mixture of PolyPropylene (PP) and PolyTetraFluorEthylene (PTFE) spheres suspended in a viscous medium. The measured and theoretical variations are in good agreement.