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1.
José Ernesto Amorós Oscar Cristi 《The International Entrepreneurship and Management Journal》2008,4(4):381-399
This study analyzes the relationship between entrepreneurial dynamics in Latin-American countries and the level of competitiveness
these countries show. Based on the research conducted by Wennekers et al. [Small Business Economics, 24(3):293–309, 2005] that demonstrates a U-shaped relationship between the country’s rate of entrepreneurship and its level
of competitiveness and economic development, we hypothesize that Latin-American countries have a descending behaviour under
the U-shaped curve approach. The results from three regression models support this hypothesis and suggest that competitiveness
and economic growth deter entrepreneurial dynamics on Latin-American countries. We discuss that Latin-American countries need
to improve some structural factors to achieve a high level of entrepreneurial dynamics.
相似文献
Oscar CristiEmail: |
2.
The impact of desirability and feasibility on entrepreneurial intentions: A structural equation model 总被引:2,自引:1,他引:1
Maribel Guerrero Josep Rialp David Urbano 《The International Entrepreneurship and Management Journal》2008,4(1):35-50
There is general agreement that attitudes towards entrepreneurship are determinant factors to decide to be an entrepreneur.
In this context, this research is focused on analyzing the relationship between desirability and feasibility on university
student’s intentions to create a new firm in Catalonia. A structural equation model supported by Krueger & Brazeal’s Model
was tested with different groups of students. The main results reveal most of university students consider desirable to create
a new firm, although the perception of feasibility is not positive. Also, there is a statistical significant and positively
relationship between credibility and the intention to create a new firm.
相似文献
David Urbano (Corresponding author)Email: |
3.
It is typically assumed that people engage in entrepreneurship because there are profits to be made. In contrast to this view,
this paper argues that entrepreneurship is more adequately characterized as a non-profit-seeking activity. Evidence from a
broad range of authors and academic fields is discussed showing that entrepreneurship does quite generally not pay in monetary
terms. Being an entrepreneur seems to be rather rewarding because it entails substantial non-monetary benefits, like greater
autonomy, broader skill utilization, and the possibility to pursue one’s own ideas. It is shown how incorporating these non-monetary
benefits into economic models of entrepreneurship can lead to a better understanding of the phenomenon.
相似文献
Matthias BenzEmail: |
4.
María Ripollés-Meliá Luz Sánchez-Peinado 《The International Entrepreneurship and Management Journal》2006,2(3):367-389
In this research we aim to study how established firms develop new entrepreneurial business entry. We based our hypotheses on the theoretical propositions arising from the entrepreneurship strategic management interface. Specifically, we analyse which factors influence the entry mode choice in entrepreneurial business entries. We consider three groups of determinant factors: industry, firm and transaction-related factors. We test our hypothesis in a Spanish firm sample of 197 entrepreneurial business entries. Our results allow us to describe in which circumstances firms are more likely to perform entrepreneurial business entries by low resource commitment and control modes, such as strategic alliances. As a result, a theoretical model is proposed to assess the entry mode choice in this type of entry. Thus, this study contributes to generating debate in this topic.
相似文献
Luz Sánchez-PeinadoEmail: |
5.
How clusters can encourage entrepreneurship and venture creation. Reasons and advantages 总被引:3,自引:0,他引:3
Ana María Romero-Martínez Ángeles Montoro-Sánchez 《The International Entrepreneurship and Management Journal》2008,4(3):315-329
The aim of this article is to define what is meant by clusters, their characteristics or determinants and the advantages they
generate, focusing on the role they play in boosting entrepreneurship and new venture creation. In clusters, a balance is
reached between cooperation and competition which becomes evident in the higher productivity of the companies because of their
increased access to inputs, information, technology and institutions; or in greater innovation and venture creation. The cluster
incentivizes the entry of new companies or start-ups. The hope is, then, that the new companies will revitalize specific regions
where competitiveness has fallen and that entrepreneurship will contribute to economic development and improved country-wide
competitiveness.
相似文献
ángeles Montoro-Sánchez (Corresponding author)Email: |
6.
Lucio Cassia Alessandra Colombelli 《The International Entrepreneurship and Management Journal》2008,4(4):453-465
The paper explores the effect of scientific institutions on firm’s growth, coupling regional science and entrepreneurship
approaches. We focus on the role of universities, largely considered in the literature as the main source of knowledge spillovers.
To this purpose, we centre our attention on UK public companies on the Alternative Investment Market (AIM), a market dedicated
to young and growing companies in both science and non-science based industries. In the paper we investigate the growth determinants
of 231 listed firms which have gone public during the period going from 1995 to 2006. To our purposes, in the empirical analysis
we use the Gibrat’s Law of Proportionate Effects model. The results supports the hypothesis that, controlling for firm’s idiosyncratic
factors and external forces, both universities knowledge input and output are important determinants of the growth of entrepreneurial
firms listed on the AIM.
相似文献
Alessandra ColombelliEmail: |
7.
David B. Audretsch Erik E. Lehmann 《The International Entrepreneurship and Management Journal》2008,4(4):419-429
The market for publicly traded equity is the heart of a modern capitalist system. In particular, the market for newly listed
firms is in turn a bellwether for the public equity market because the entry gives firms expanded access to capital, allowing
them to emerge and grow. On the other hand, stock markets also serve as an institution to reallocate productive resources
from non-surviving to surviving firms. We describe the Neuer Markt—a special segment of the Frankfurt Stock Exchange in Germany—as an institution to foster the creation of new firms and their
destruction.
相似文献
Erik E. Lehmann (Corresponding author)Email: |
8.
Opening the black box: Finding the source of cost inefficiency 总被引:2,自引:0,他引:2
Santiago Carbó Valverde David B. Humphrey Rafael López del Paso 《Journal of Productivity Analysis》2007,27(3):209-220
Parametric and nonparametric procedures are used to identify the apparent source of cost inefficiency in banking. Inefficiencies
of 20–25% from earlier studies are reduced to 1–5% when, in addition to commonly specified cost function influences, variables
reflecting banks’ external business environment and industry indicators of “productivity” are added. These productivity indicators
explain most of the reduction in bank operating cost over 1992–2001 and was 5 times the reduction in the dispersion of inefficiency.
Inefficiency appears stable over time because it is small relative to industry-wide cost changes occurring concurrently and
because technology dispersion is imperfect.
相似文献
David B. HumphreyEmail: |
9.
Sources of profit change for Telstra, Australia’s largest telecommunications firm, are examined. A new method allows for changes, in a firm’s profits to be broken down into separate effects due to productivity change, price changes, and growth in the firm’s size. This in turn allows us to calculate the distribution of the benefits of productivity improvements between consumers, labor, and shareholders. The results show that around half the benefits from Telstra’s productivity improvements from 1984 to 1994 were passed on to consumers in the form of real price reductions.
相似文献
Kevin J. FoxEmail: |
10.
A Data Envelopment Analysis (DEA) cost minimization model is employed to estimate the cost to thrift institutions of achieving a rating of ‘outstanding’ under the anti-redlining Community Reinvestment Act, which is viewed as an act of voluntary Corporate Social Responsibility (CSR). There is no difference in overall cost efficiency between ‘outstanding’ and minimally compliant ‘satisfactory’ thrifts. However, the sources of cost inefficiency do differ, and an ‘outstanding’ rating involves annual extra cost of $6.547 million or, 1.2% of total costs. This added cost is the shadow price of CSR since it is not an explicit output or input in the DEA cost model. Before and after-tax rates of return are the same for the ‘outstanding’ and ‘satisfactory’ thrifts, which implies a recoupment of the extra cost. The findings are consistent with CSR as a management choice based on balancing marginal cost and marginal revenue. An incidental finding is that larger thrifts are less efficient.
相似文献
Donald F. VitalianoEmail: Phone: +1-518- 276-8093 |
11.
Patrick M. Bernet Michael D. Rosko Vivian G. Valdmanis Anatoly Pilyavsky William E. Aaronson 《Journal of Productivity Analysis》2008,29(2):103-111
Ukraine’s recent elections revealed deep divisions between eastern regions, which favored central economic planning, and western
regions, which preferred more free market reforms. This study compares polyclinics in Ukraine to see if the inflexibility
of Soviet-style planned economies results in lower economic efficiency in eastern regions. Using data from two geopolitical
regions, Data Envelopment Analysis (DEA) scores for polyclinic efficiencies are modeled as a function of demographic and economic
determinants. Surprisingly, results indicate that polyclinics in western Ukraine are less efficient. Possible explanations,
including case mix intensity, responsiveness to local preferences, physician entrepreneurial behavior and a legacy of inequitable
funding, are discussed.
相似文献
Vivian G. ValdmanisEmail: |
12.
Richard W. Hurd 《Employee Responsibilities and Rights Journal》2006,18(3):207-214
The 1981 PATCO strike stands out as a symbol of union decline. The penchant to stigmatize PATCO detracts from important aspects of the union’s unorthodox strategy. Preparations for 1981 negotiations were coordinated by rank-and-file activists who referred to themselves as ‘choir boys’. An extensive mobilization network cultivated by the ‘choir boys’ contributed to cohesiveness and in effect democratized PATCO. The union’s effectiveness in building internal solidarity was its most notable accomplishment. Twenty-first-century labor-movement revitalization will require not only strong, creative leadership but also rank-and-file mobilization in the mold of PATCO’s ‘choir boy’ system. It is this type of grassroots activism that has the potential to promote an internal culture of militant action which can serve as the foundation for union growth.
相似文献
Richard W. HurdEmail: Phone: +1-607-2552765 |
13.
Dennis Halcoussis Anton D. Lowenberg G. Michael Phillips 《Journal of Economics and Finance》2009,33(3):324-329
Many observers argued that Barack Obama’s candidacy in the U.S. presidential election of 2008 benefited from the financial
crisis and recessionary economic conditions which voters blamed on the Republican administration. However, an empirical examination
of stock price and public opinion data indicates that improvements in Obama’s electoral prospects led stock price declines
and that gains by Obama were more likely to be followed by falling stock prices than by rising prices. This evidence suggests
that the poor performance of the stock market in the days leading up to Obama’s victory was partly caused by, rather than
causing, Obama’s success.
相似文献
G. Michael Phillips (Corresponding author)Email: |
14.
Glenn M. Gomes James M. Owens James F. Morgan 《Employee Responsibilities and Rights Journal》2006,18(2):73-88
Despite the prevalence of sexual favoritism in the workplace, there is much debate over whether this phenomenon rises to the level of prohibited discrimination and harassment. While the United States Supreme Court has not yet involved itself in adjudicating issues of sexual favoritism, the Equal Employment Opportunity Commission, however, has issued guidelines. The California Supreme Court recently addressed the “sexual favoritism as sexual harassment/discrimination” issue and, absent better guidance from the federal courts, the California decision provides interesting insights for the legal and business communities. This article explores key issues involving workplace romances, sexual favoritism, and Title VII’s prohibition of sexual harassment as an illegal form of discrimination based on sex. We use the recent California Supreme Court decision in Miller to illustrate the legal and managerial challenges facing policy makers and management practitioners. We conclude with a discussion of policy alternatives for creating a discrimination- and harassment-free workplace while effectively managing workplace romances and instances of sexual favoritism.
相似文献
Glenn M. GomesEmail: |
15.
Robert G. Chambers 《Journal of Productivity Analysis》2008,30(2):107-120
Stochastic productivity indicators are defined, and superlative measures of these indicators are derived. It is shown that,
in the presence of complete markets or a common-expectations equilibrium, differences in the market values of firms are superlative
indicators of cross-sectional productivity differences. Exactness results are used to decompose nonstochastic productivity
indicators into a measure of true productivity change and a measure of ‘luck’. The decomposition is illustrated empirically.
相似文献
Robert G. ChambersEmail: |
16.
The Relationship Among Union Membership, Facets of Satisfaction and Intent to Leave: Further Evidence on the Voice Face of Unions 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
Steven E. Abraham Barry A. Friedman Randall K. Thomas 《Employee Responsibilities and Rights Journal》2008,20(1):1-11
This study examined the impact of union membership on employees’ intent to leave their jobs across a number of facets of satisfaction,
as a further test of unions’ voice face. Among the findings were that there were significant relationships between job, compensation,
benefits, working conditions, and immediate supervisor satisfaction and intent to leave one’s job for nonunion employees.
In contrast, only the relationship between job satisfaction and intent to leave was significant for union employees. Finally,
over the facets of satisfaction where one would expect unions to have the most influence, the relationship between intent
to leave one’s job and satisfaction was greater for nonunion employees than for union employees. These results provide a great
deal of support for the effect of unions’ voice face.
相似文献
Randall K. ThomasEmail: |
17.
This study makes an attempt to understand some of the reasons why some nascent firms make the transition to new operational
firms (a process called “firm emergence”) while others do not. Because of liabilities-of-newness, nascent firms face the daunting
task of acquiring legitimacy from their immediate audience in order to emerge as new operational firm. This study claims and
finds empirical evidence that through certain legitimating behaviors nascent firms can acquire legitimacy from their immediate
audience and thus succeed in becoming new operational firms. The study will put forward more general propositions for future
testing, and will draw implications for practitioners and entrepreneurship scholars.
相似文献
Erno TornikoskiEmail: |
18.
Deborah Erdos Knapp 《Employee Responsibilities and Rights Journal》2008,20(4):227-247
The U.S. military argues that homosexuals are unfit for service because their presence compromises military readiness and
unit cohesion. Based on this assumption, it continues to discharge homosexuals at an average rate of approximately 925 per
year. On the other hand, the extant research suggests that homosexuals are no more disruptive to military life than their
heterosexual counterparts. By integrating the legal and scientific literature, this paper examines the soundness of the military’s
assumptions and aims to improve our understanding of the issues involved. Within this context, the efficacy of the military’s
“Don’t Ask, Don’t Tell, Don’t Pursue” policy and whether it is in the best interest of the military and its soldiers and sailors
is discussed.
相似文献
Deborah Erdos KnappEmail: |
19.
This paper analyzes self-control problems in intertemporal consumption of a sin good where current consumption imposes a negative
externality on one’s future selves due to the existence of present-biased preferences. We introduce the negative externality
dubbed ‘internality’, which is augmented by the cumulative distribution function of the sum of previous consumption. We show
that the shot-run self with self-control problem over consumes the sin good compared to that of the long-run self without
present-biased preferences. Further, we investigate the effectiveness of self-bargaining with the presence of an external
control devise as possible punishment. The short-run self faces three possible options: do nothing, accept the long-run self’s
offer, or reject the offer. In the latter case an external control devices is implemented. It is shown that successful self-bargaining
depends on the efficiency of the control device.
相似文献
Attiat F. Ott (Corresponding author)Email: |
20.
Agustí Segarra-Blasco Jose Garcia-Quevedo Mercedes Teruel-Carrizosa 《The International Entrepreneurship and Management Journal》2008,4(4):431-451
The present paper analyses the link between firms’ decisions to innovate and the barriers that prevent them from being innovative.
The aim is twofold. First, it analyses three groups of barriers to innovation: the cost of innovation projects, lack of knowledge
and market conditions. Second, it presents the main steps taken by Catalan Government to promote the creation of new firms
and to reduce barriers to innovation. The data set used is based on the 2004 official innovation survey of Catalonia which
was taken from the Spanish CIS4 sample. This sample includes individual information on 2,954 Catalan firms in manufacturing
industries and knowledge-intensive services (KIS). The empirical analysis reveals pronounced differences regarding a firm’s
propensity to innovate and its perception of barriers. Moreover, the results show that cost and knowledge barriers seem to
be the most important and that there are substantial sectoral differences in the way that firms react to barriers. The results
of this paper have important implications for the design of future public policy to promote entrepreneurship and innovation
together.
相似文献
Mercedes Teruel-CarrizosaEmail: |