基于鲍摩-瓦尔夫模型的配送中心选址

文中以总成本最低为目标,建立鲍摩——瓦尔夫模型,对物流配送中心进行选址。该模型在考虑运输成本的同时还考虑可变成本和固定成本,并用启发式算法对其进行就求解,最后通过具体的实例说明模型的可行性。     

Simultaneous optimization of land use and transportation: A synthesis of the quadratic assignment problem and the optimal network problem

The problem of designing jointly a land use plan and a transportation network for a new town is formalized as a combinatorial programming problem which can be considered as an extension of the Koopmans-Beckmann problem. Accessibility and capital costs are the criteria taken into account to evaluate a plan. One exact technique and several heuristic techniques are reported and evaluated.     

物流运输运作成本控制研究分析——以某化工公司为例

从运输成本的构成入手,分析了影响运输成本因素、物流成本与运输成本之间的关系,在此基础之上,以上海某化工企业为例,分析研究了进行物流系统优化过程中运输成本控制的方法和采取的具体策略。     

时变环境下选址问题的一个启发式算法

配送中心选址作为物流管理中的一个重要研究问题受到广泛重视。然而,文献中所涉及的选址模型大都是静态的,即沿一条路径行进时所需的成本(或时间)是与出发时间无关的函数。但在实际生活中,它往往是会随时间的变化而变化的,这类问题被称为时变环境下的选址问题。文中讨论了时变环境下的单配送中心到多个零售点带容量约束的选址问题。由于该问题是NP-完备的,我们给出了一个启发式算法。     

Using input–output models to estimate sectoral effects of carbon tax policy: Applications of the NGFS scenarios

The Network of Central Banks and Supervisors for Greening the Financial System (NGFS) has engaged in scenario analysis that estimates a $200/ton carbon tax would be required to transition to net zero carbon by 2050. Using a $200/ton carbon tax as a base, this paper uses input–output (IO) modeling to generate price and revenue effects of a carbon tax. Results from these models, which can only be interpreted as the short-run, upper-bound effects of the carbon tax policy, imply that in response to a $200/ton tax on CO₂e emissions, carbon-intensive industries, such as agriculture, extraction, transportation, utilities, and chemicals, may experience price increases in the range of 10-30 percent. Other industries will also experience price increases, but to a lesser degree, due to increased input costs associated with the tax. In addition, modeling results also suggest that industries facing elastic pricing regimes may face similar-sized declines in revenues as a consequence of the carbon tax. Rank-ordered impact results from these models can be utilized by bank supervisors and firms to adequately plan for sectoral-level transition risk within their lending and/or investment portfolios.     

The effects of social heterogeneity on travel patterns: A replication study

This paper examines differences between the U.S. and Australian urban landscape in terms of the relationship between urban structure and the effectiveness of public transportation. A replication study is undertaken that tests the validated hypothesis from a U.S. study that urban travel corridor social heterogeneity reduces patronage of public transportation because of resident concerns with social composition of passengers and effects on the travel privacy dimension. A causal model is identified for the city of Sydney that specifies enogenous and endogenous variables, as per the U.S. study, which affect bus and rail use. Results do not lead to the acceptance of the hypothesized relationship. The presence of social heterogeneity in Sydney travel corridors does not deter residents within the study corridors from using the bus or train for the journey to work, nor do they appear to affect longer term decisions on car ownership. Bus patronage was shown to be dependent on social heterogeneity factors while rail use was associated with car owning households. These results highlight differences in urban spatial structure and travel patterns between Sydney and cities in the U.S. study, and suggest differential effects of changes in urban spatial structure and policy responses.     

Central Asia's transport cost burden and its impact on trade

This paper examines the role of transportation costs in causing the countries of Central Asia to generate far less trade with the European Union (EU) than their relative location would suggest. Based on data collected from transport professionals, it detects a sharp increase in the transportation costs and time at Warsaw, moving east from the EU towards the Commonwealth of Independent States (CIS). In the case of Central Asia, border-crossing problems, low traded volumes and trade imbalance, inter alia, seem to be major explanations of the unexpected low trade level between Central Asia and the EU.     

Effective strategies for internal outsourcing and offshoring of business services: An empirical investigation

The growing pressure to reduce costs and improve efficiency induces many organizations to undertake shared services initiatives. This consolidation and streamlining of common business functions is also known as insourcing, in-house services, business services, or staff services. While adoption of a shared service structure is viewed by many as an appropriate strategy to pursue, most companies still struggle to devise optimal strategies and to generate adequate returns on investments for their projects, because none of the approaches that are commonly adopted is recognized as universally effective.     

面向多式联运的货运网络优化模型构建与应用

以多式联运货运网络为研究对象,综合考虑轴辐式网络中的规模效应、运输成本、时间及运输能力限制,构建多式联运货运网络模型。基于龙潭港货物运输实际,利用遗传算法对龙潭港多式联运枢纽网络优化模型进行求解,特别针对南京集疏运通道建设前后,分别运用模型求解,对南京联运方式变化进行对比分析,证明了在发展集疏运通道建设后,南京在运输网络中的地位进一步得到提高。     

“一带一路”视域下中国与哈萨克斯坦的能源运输研究

在“一带一路”合作倡议推动下,中哈能源贸易合作得到进一步深化。而承载两国能源合作的物流运输,起着关键性作用。通过梳理相关文献及中哈能源运输现状等,发现能源跨境运输方式主要以管道及水运运输为主,且两国存在运输成本偏高、运输结构不合理、能源运输人才匮乏及相关法律制度不完善等问题。建议从完善法律制度、加强人才培养及深化物流合作关系等方面提升中哈能源运输水平。