债权人财务治理研究——基于利益相关者合作博弈的分析

基于对利益相关者合作博弈模型的分析，发现我国企业的利益相关者全面参与公司治理并不现实，利益相关者财务实施尚存在困难。相对而言，作为外部利益相关者的债权人参与公司财务治理具有可操作性，可以考虑完善各种机制，先实施债权人财务治理，间接实现利益相关者财务目标，待时机成熟再逐渐完善公司的利益相关者财务治理。     

企业利益相关者视角下的财务治理机制构建

理论界对公司治理的深入研究,使得公司的财务治理逐渐成为研究新宠。与此同时,利益相关者理论的深入发展,为公司财务治理研究提供了新角度。本文在以往财务治理机制研究基础上,增加了财务披露机制,构建了财务治理机制等维度,完善了财务治理机制的内容。基于更加完整、系统化的财务治理机制,尝试构建并完善嵌入企业利益相关者的公司财务治理机制,实现股东与其他利益相关者对企业财务的共同治理。     

利益相关者治理与公司财务绩效——来自中国制造业上市公司的经验

本文以中国制造业533家上市公司为样本,采用南开大学"利益相关者治理指数"(CCGISTHNK),通过实证研究检验了利益相关者治理对财务绩效的影响.结果表明,利益相关者参与程度、利益相关者协调程度、利益相关者治理指教与公司财务绩效之间显著正相关,即良好的利益相关者治理对公司的财务绩效具有积极的影响作用.因此,公司应该完善员工和中小股东的参与机制,协调与政府、监管部门及自然环境的关系,积极履行社会责任,增强与利益相关者的和谐程度,从而改善公司财务绩效.     

利益相关者的合作博弈与公司财务和谐治理

公司财务治理的核心是财权配置。在利益相关者就公司财权的分配进行谈判的合作博弈模型中，各利益相关者的威胁点、谈判力及对谈判破裂的担心程度决定谈判结果。实现公司财务和谐治理的关键在于：通过改善财务治理环境、构建群体博弈机制、利益表达的规范化和制度化及建立财务相机治理机制，维护弱势利益相关者在财务治理中应有的谈判力。     

共同治理、相机治理与财务治理效率

共同治理机制体现了常态下利益相关者之间为实现公司财务治理效率最大化而进行的合作,而相机治理机制则是在特殊情况下客观面对利益相关者财务冲突的基础上,保证这一合作状态持续稳定的机制。共同治理与相机治理耦合机制是利益相关者在常态和异态下尽可能长期合作的有力保障和公司财务治理效率释放的源泉。     

共同治理、相机治理与财务治理效率

共同治理机制体现了常态下利益相关者之间为实现公司财务治理效率最大化而进行的合作,而相机治理机制则是在特殊情况下客观面对利益相关者财务冲突的基础上,保证这一合作状态持续稳定的机制.共同治理与相机治理耦合机制是利益相关者在常态和异态下尽可能长期合作的有力保障和公司财务治理效率释放的源泉.     

财务契约、财务危机预警与公司财务治理

本文将财务预警系统纳入公司财务治理结构中，根据财务契约与财务预警的关系，采用制度形式对财务预警系统的信息传输渠道和反馈方法规范化，以提高有效性的发挥。文章从财务契约的股权契约，报酬契约，信贷契约和其他利益相关者契约与财务危机预警的关系入手，分别讨论在股东之间，股东与经营者之间，债权人与股东和经营者之间如何用契约的形式，保证财务预警系统在公司治理中有效运作。     

防范上市公司非理性融资行为的对策

（一）从财务治理入手,深入优化上市公司内外部财务治理结构 财务治理简单地说即是由上市公司股东大会、董事会、经理层、监事会及外部利益相关者等权利机构对公司财务权利进行配置的一系列制度安排。财务治理的有效实施可以规范经营者的财务行为,防范上市公司非理性的融资行为,维护各利益相关者应享有的权益。     

财务分析的主体与要求再认识——财务分析系列文章之二

现代企业已成为多元化利益相关者协作的产物,财务分析主体已拓展到企业利益相关者的各个方面,包括企业经营者、企业所有者、债权人、供货商、客户、员工、财税部门、国资委和环保部门等。为满足各利益相关者的要求,财务分析必须具有客观性、科学性、可比性和全面性。     

构建新型公司内部财务治理结构的思考

公司财务治理是指通过财权在利益相关者之间的不同配置,从而调整利益相关者在财务体制中的地位和作用,提高公司治理效率的一系列动态制度安排.(王继仓、程国辉,2005).     

Corporate voluntary greenhouse gas reporting: Stakeholder pressure and the mediating role of the chief executive officer

The study sheds light on the extent to which various stakeholder pressures influence voluntary disclosure of greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions and how the impact is explained and moderated chief executive officer (CEO) characteristics of 215 FTSE 350 listed U.K. companies for the year 2011. The study developed a classification of GHG emission disclosure based on the guidelines of GHG Protocol, Department for Environment, Food and Rural Affairs, and Global Framework for Climate Risk Disclosure using content analysis. Evidence from the study suggests that some stakeholder pressure (regulatory, creditor, supplier, customer, and board control) positively impacts on GHG disclosure information by firms. We found that stakeholder pressure in the form of regulatory, mimetic, and shareholders pressure positively influenced the disclosure of GHG information. We also found that creditor pressure also had a significant negative relationship with GHG disclosure. Although CEO age had a direct negative effect on GHG voluntary disclosure, its moderation effect on stakeholder pressure influence on GHG disclosure was only significant on regulatory pressure.     

地方政府债券违约风险形成机制及防范——基于委托代理问题的分析

就地方政府债券而言,在地方政府和居民之间涉及两类委托代理问题:债权债务的代理问题和公共政策的代理问题。地方政府依凭中央政府的"父爱心理",具有向上转移债务的动机,导致地方政府债券规模人为扩大;地方政府"经济人"特性促使其有意识地运用公共债务追求自身利益而罔顾公共财政风险。这些都隐藏着潜在风险无限增加的可能性。可以从建立相应的法律法规制度、居民退出机制、地方政府内在约束机制、事前制约机制、事后监督机制以及深化政务公开制度来防范信用风险。     

论企业会计报表的分析

企业的财务状况和经营成果最终体现在财务会计报告上,所以财务会计报告是企业经营者、股东、债权人及潜在的投资者了解和掌握企业生产经营情况和发展水平的主要信息来源。文中论述了企业里的会计报表分析方法。     

Multiple Stakeholder Orientation in UK Companies and the Implications for Company Performance

Orientation to the diverse interests of stakeholder groups is central to strategic planning, and failure to address the interests of multiple stakeholder groups may be detrimental to company performance. However, some companies may be unable to address all these interests, owing to a scarcity of resources, and the impact of multiple stakeholder orientation may be influenced by the environment. Despite calls by leading writers in the literature, there is no empirical evidence about the potential association of orientation to multiple stakeholders with company performance. The results of a study of UK companies designed to elucidate this association are reported in this paper. Although the results give some support to the proposition that orientation to multiple stakeholders is positively associated with performance, such associations are contingent on the external environment, as they are moderated by competitive hostility, after controlling for the intervening effects of market growth.     

利益相关者视角下的绩效三棱镜评价模式浅谈

企业绩效评价是影响企业获取竞争优势的重要因素,也是企业自我监督、自我约束的重要手段。绩效三棱镜模型是利益相关者视角下的绩效评价模式,由利益相关者的需求、利益相关者的贡献、战略、流程和能力五个方面构成,因而全面考虑了各个利益相关者的利益。     

Board gender diversity and environmental,social, and economic value creation: Does family ownership matter?

Prior literature on firm value creation for stakeholders has oversimplified and narrowed the concept of value down to “economic returns.” Although economic returns are fundamental to a firm's core stakeholders (i.e., shareholders), other legitimate stakeholders want “value” beyond economic returns. We define stakeholder value as the financial and nonfinancial returns a firm can offer to its legitimate stakeholders, and empirically investigate whether board gender diversity (BGD) improves our multidimensional measure of value. Using Thomson Reuters' ASSET4 data for U.K.‐listed firms available from Eikon for the period 2007–2017, we report a significant positive relationship between BGD and stakeholder value creation. In particular, BGD increases social and environmental value creation in addition to economic returns. Furthermore, our results suggest that even though gender‐diverse boards are associated with stakeholder value creation in family firms, this is only conspicuous for environmental value creation. The findings suggest that although female directors cater to the interests of broader stakeholder groups, family ownership causes them to mainly focus on environmental stakeholders. The study provides important implications for regulators, stakeholders, and academic scholars.     

Multi‐foci CSR perceptions,procedural justice and in‐role employee performance: the mediating role of commitment and pride

This study explores differential employee responses to perceived corporate social responsibility (CSR) treatment of social and non‐social stakeholder foci of the community, customers, shareholders and environment along with first‐party employee justice perceptions. At a finance‐sector multinational, we test the mediating role of commitment and pride in accounting for the relationship between perceptions of stakeholder treatment and in‐role performance. We propose and pilot a new multi‐foci CSR measure and include this in a mediated model within a separate study. Socially responsible treatment of customers and the environment play a role in predicting performance; these foci are related to either pride or commitment. Community CSR, first‐party justice perceptions and commitment predict performance either directly or indirectly. Our research shows an absence of any positive employee response associated with CSR towards shareholders. The study uncovers new insights into our understanding of complexities in employee responses to CSR activities.     

Power of sustainable development: Does environmental management system certification affect a firm's access to finance?

Although prior research generated inconclusive findings between a firm's environmental management system and firm financial performance, attention to resolve this inconsistency by examining the internal channels is limited. Thus, this study focuses on a firm's access to finance and investigates whether a firm's environmental management system certification (EMS) leads to better access to finance. Based on the organizational legitimacy perspective, we hypothesize that this certification will benefit a firm with stakeholder approval and support and consequently alleviate its financial capital constraints. We further posit that the proposed relationship will be moderated by three types of legitimacy environments pertaining to how stakeholders and investors make the judgment on the environmental management system certification. We document that the proposed relationship, that is, the positive relationship between environmental management system certification and access to finance, will be stronger when the government attaches larger importance to environmental protection (regulative legitimacy), better environmental record (moral legitimacy), and better financial position (pragmatic legitimacy). Empirical analyses provide strong corroborating evidence for our predictions. These findings have important theoretical and managerial implications that are well discussed in this study.     

我国互联网金融消费者权益保护体系建设与优化路径

互联网金融作为互联网技术与传统金融融合后的新兴业态模式,具有降低交易双方成本,提升金融服务效率和便捷性的作用,在满足了个性化金融服务需求的同时,还促进了我国普惠金融发展。但随着互联网金融模式的不断丰富,互联网金融混业经营及脱媒现象加剧,在缺乏监管和法律定位不明的情况下,互联网金融给消费者带来诸多潜在风险。对此,需要按照时间发展顺序,在短期内强化互联网金融消费者权益保护相关政策措施,保证互联网金融市场平稳发展;中长期则注重互联网金融发展质量,通过不断完善互联网金融消费者权益保护机制,进而构建具有综合性特征的互联网金融消费者权益保护体系。