国外先进储能产业扶持政策及对我国的启示

【正】全球先进储能产业正处于快速发展时期,而政府的扶持政策是技术进步和产业发展的重要推动力。美国、日本、韩国等发达国家和地区的先进储能技术起步较早,先进储能产业相关政策较为完善。本文通过对美国、日本、韩国等国家和地区的政府扶持政策进行分析,可以为我国的先进储能产业政策制定提供参考。     

典型国家和地区利用政府采购政策促进科技创新的实践及经验

本文作者通过介绍美国、欧盟等典型国家利用政府采购政策促进科技创新实践经验,提出通过增强有关法律的可操作性,支持民族产业发展等原则借鉴先进经验,促进我国政府采购扶持科技创新政策功能的有效发挥。     

中国纺织业应对绿色贸易壁垒中政府的策略选择

国际绿色贸易壁垒已严重影响了中国纺织业的发展，削弱了中国纺织品出口的竞争优势，特别是欧洲国家、美国和日本对我国纺织品出口影响最大。政策府必须加强宣传，强化对纺织品生产企业的扶持，强化与国际组织的交流、沟通和接轨。     

美国扶持中小企业做法对我国的启示

中小企业的健康发展,离不开政府的大力扶持。美国中小企业在美国经济衰退的情况下,对其经济增长和稳定就业起了巨大的支撑作用。本文系统介绍了美国扶持中小企业的具体做法,并比较分析了中、美两国中小企业的生存环境,从而得出一些有助于我国政府扶持中小企业的具体启示。     

大中型水库移民后期扶持政策实施效果评估——以广西藤县为例

通过广西藤县大中型水库移民后期扶持监测评估分析,对移民收支的影响、生产生活条件的影响、库区和移民安置区基础设施建设经济发展的影响、社会稳定的影响及生态环境的影响等进行评估,其后期扶持政策实施效果较好。针对藤县后期扶持政策实施效果存在的问题,提出了相关建议,为主管部门决策提供依据。     

美国小企业政策的演变过程与特点

美国小企业可从量与质的方面来定义,是一个动态的概念。美国小企业政策的变化和调整有三个阶段:初步扶持与摆不定时期、重视与保护时期和鼓励竞争的全方位扶持时期。从其演变过程看,美国小企业政策具有明确的特点:由零散走向统一与系统化;由单纯的保护转向促进;能适时做出调整;政策内容日趋具体化;扶持方式逐步由集中转向分散;实施手段日益规范。     

美国中小企业政策及其启示

本文在调查研究美国中小企业的界定标准、政策目标、地位作用以及中小企业政策内容的基础上,提出了美国中小企业政策对我国发展中小企业的几点启示,即明确我国中小企业政策的价值取向;统一中小企业的界定标准;加强立法,完善中小企业政策实施的制度保障;建立自上而下,协调统一的中小企业管理机构体系;明确中小企业政策的扶持重点。     

国外科技型企业资金扶持对我国的启示

一、国外对于科技型中小企业发展的资金扶持政策 （一）美国政府扶持科技型中小企业的政策 （1）各种财政支持及其计划。美国小企业管理局为小企业提供贷款或者贷款担保已有几十年历史,且逐年递增。1997年提供贷款的金额超过130亿美元。1985年美国联邦政府推出小企业投资公司计划,政府通过优惠的税收政策和优惠利率,贷款支持小企业投资公司。1992年又对计划进行了调整,     

黑龙江莲花水库、尼尔基水库移民后期扶持政策效果的调查报告

水库移民是非自愿性移民,他们为社会经济的发展和人民生活的安定做出了巨大的牺牲。需要对他们移民后的生产、生活进行政策性扶持。我国已制定并实施了一系列相关政策。但对政策的执行情况和实际效果,我们需要进行调查分析。     

西方发达国家扶持落后地区发展的财税政策及启示

本文通过对美国、西欧、日本等发达国家扶持落后地区发展的财税政策考察,提出了新时期加大我国老少边穷地区经济社会发展的财税对策建议。     

The impact of deviation from relative purchasing power parity equilibrium on U.S. foreign direct investment

Analyzing inbound and outbound foreign direct investment (FDI) between the U.S. and seven developed countries over the period from 1994 to 2004, this study provides strong evidence for a positive relationship between aggregate FDI flows and a strengthening of a home currency. Further, taking exchange rate disequilibrium into account, we find that an increase in U.S. inbound FDI is related to a strengthening of an undervalued and overvalued U.S. dollar, while an increase in U.S. outbound FDI (foreign inbound FDI) is mainly related to a strengthening of an overvalued foreign currency. Disaggregate FDI flow data show that these findings hold mainly for the manufacturing (food and machinery) and the wholesale industry. We argue that our findings may provide evidence for a co-existence of the wealth-effect hypothesis and a more profit and production oriented hypothesis, once the U.S. dollar is undervalued. Additionally, the results support the argument that the profit and production oriented hypothesis dominates the wealth effect in developed countries, especially in the manufacturing and wholesale industry. Moreover, the results support the view that foreign investors are interested in how overvalued or undervalued a currency is, rather than being interested only in the recent direction of change in the exchange rate. Finally, all findings are robust with respect to several estimation procedures.     

广西果蔬冷链物流保障体系构建研究

广西果蔬种植面积的不断扩大,产量的不断攀升,使其在果蔬冷链物流的发展方面面临着极大挑战。文章对广西果蔬冷链物流保障体系发展中存在的问题进行了分析,提出了构建基于果蔬产品供应链一体化的冷链物流保障体系,并探讨了发展和完善广西果蔬冷链物流的几点建议。     

U.S. Strategic Trade Policy and the Competitiveness of the U.S. Construction Industry in Developing Country Markets

SUMMARY

U.S. government trade policy increasingly reflects “strategic trade” beliefs that, because competition in markets is imperfect, governments can act strategically to affect trade flows and enhance national welfare. The U.S. National Export Strategy targets the infrastructure sector in twelve developing countries as a strategic opportunity for U.S. construction firms. This paper examines whether U.S. government export promotion initiatives effectively implement strategic trade policy by providing appropriate support to these firms in that target market. It concludes that, within limits, they do.     

Behavioral Commitment Among the Automobile Workers in South Korea

The research reported in this article evaluates the extent to which the theoretical constructs established as determinants of behavioral commitment in the U.S. have cross-cultural validity in South Korea. A causal model developed and validated in the U.S. is estimated among automobile workers in Korea and the results indicate 18 prominent determinants: job satisfaction, organizational commitment, job search, met expectations, legitimacy, transfer costs, positive and negative affectivity, opportunity, role conflict and ambiguity, spouse and supervisor support, routinization, autonomy, job hazards, involvement, and distributive justice. These are fundamental explanatory constructs that have long been affirmed in the U.S., and, as such, this study suggests evidence to support their cross-cultural validity. In spite of several Korean cultural characteristics that are relevant to employee behavioral commitment, the theoretical constructs explaining behavioral commitment are generally the same between the U.S. and Korea. The findings are interpreted with discussions of the implications.     

Happiness sentiments and the prediction of cross-border country exchange-traded fund returns

This research examines whether social media (Twitter) happiness sentiment and country-level happiness sentiment indices predict cross-border ETF returns. To account for complicated associations between happiness sentiment and ETF returns, we use a quantile regression approach and find that Twitter and trading market (U.S.) happiness sentiments are strong predictors of future ETF returns, for which both have far greater predictive power than those of their home countries. Home country happiness indices exhibit asymmetric impacts across quantiles, suggesting the importance of trading country (U.S.) and Twitter happiness sentiments. Higher U.S. and home countries’ freedom to make life choices, absence of corruption perception, and confidence in national government precede higher ETF returns, while U.S. GDP, social support, health life expectancy, positive affect, and negative affect precede lower (abnormal) returns. We find that higher return quantile country ETFs provide a safe haven for U.S. investors during a U.S. bear market.     

Capacity Investment under Demand Uncertainty: The Role of Imports in the U.S. Cement Industry

Demand uncertainty is thought to influence irreversible capacity decisions. Suppose that local demand can be sourced from domestic (rigid) production or from (flexible) imports. This paper shows that the optimal domestic capacity is either increasing or decreasing with demand uncertainty, depending on the relative level of the costs of domestic production and imports. We test this relationship with data from the U.S. cement industry, in which the difference in marginal cost between domestic production and imports varies across local U.S. markets because cement is costly to transport over land. Industry data for 1999 to 2010 are consistent with the predictions of the model. The introduction of two technologies to the production set—one rigid and one flexible—is crucial to understanding the relationship between capacity choice and uncertainty in this industry because there is no relationship between these two variables in aggregated U.S. data. Our analysis reveals that the relationship is negative in coastal districts, and significantly more positive in landlocked districts.     

浅析美军供应链保障模式及对我军的启示

精确、及时、高效的后勤保障是夺取现代战争的关键因素。美军利用供应链理论。借鉴现代物流企业先进的供应链管理理念，优化其物流系统，使其后勤保障系统不断成熟与发展，实现了适时、适地、适量的后勤保障。美军应用供应链理论的成功经验及其存在的不足为我军提供了有益的启示。     

Gasoline prices,transport costs,and the U.S. business cycles

The effects of gasoline prices on the U.S. business cycles are investigated. In order to distinguish between gasoline supply and gasoline demand shocks, the price of gasoline is endogenously determined through a transportation sector that uses gasoline as an input of production. The model is estimated for the U.S. economy using five macroeconomic time series, including data on transport costs and gasoline prices. The results show that although standard shocks in the literature (e.g., technology shocks, monetary policy shocks) have significant effects on the U.S. business cycles in the long run, gasoline supply and demand shocks play an important role in the short run.     

When do retail investors pay attention to their trading platforms?

Buying and selling securities through online trading platforms has become increasingly popular among U.S. households in recent years. This study tracks U.S. households' attention to their online trading platforms using daily data for 2004 to August 2017. The analysis covers the 10 most popular online trading platforms among U.S. investors. The findings indicate that market shocks, captured by several proxies, as well as macroeconomic announcements attract investors' attention to trading platforms. We also document that the ostrich effect weakens when considering greater changes in the VIX. Our findings do not support the avoidance of information theory, but do support the theoretical argument that risk-averse agents engage in more information gathering when uncertainty prevails in hopes of reducing their risks.