危机管理中的整合传播

现代企业面对危机，就像生物必须面对死亡一样，已成为不可避免的事情。每个企业都可能遭遇危机，而重大的危机事件往往是良好的新闻题材。在传媒发达的今天，传播已从纸质媒体、音像媒体发展到网络媒体，网络媒体的放大效应使得一个小地方的传统媒体的报道，经过各大门户网站转载后会立即成为全国性的新闻。而二次传播效应，又使得一篇报道上网以后，往往会引发传统媒体的跟进。     

浅谈危机管理与信息传播

我国目前正处于社会矛盾多发期,各种类型的社会组织都会面临因为各种原因导致的危机。危机出现后对社会组织的形象、发展速度和发展质量都会带来负面影响。社会组织应当对危机进行有效的管控,而管控危机的基本手段之一就是信息传播。研究信息传播在危机管理中的机能和规律对于提高社会组织管控危机的能力具有十分重要的意义。     

公共危机管理中的媒体策略

公共危机管理是政府和组织为了防止公共危机的发生、减轻危机所造成的损害、尽早从危机中恢复过来,所采取的主动管理行为。在这期间,政府能否让公众正确认识危机,并通过新闻媒体引导公众形成有利于危机解决的氛围至关重要。正确的媒体策略有以下几个方面:     

企业公关中的危机传播

企业危机传播在企业公关中占有重要的地位,它往往能够使得处于危机中的企业起死回生.危机传播中的六大基本原则则是危机传播的精髓所在,对它们的合理运用是成功危机传播与处理的关键.     

公共危机传播管理:全媒体时代的多元主体模式

随着信息化的发展,以网络为载体的新媒体在公共危机传播中发挥着越来越重要的作用,而与之对应的由网络传播引发的群体事件也呈现上升态势。网络尤其是移动互联凭借其简洁快速多元的传播特点对社会舆论的引导产生了巨大的影响。因此,继续依靠传统的社会管理思维和公共沟通方式来进行危机管理已经无法适应新形势的发展需要。更新危机传播管理理念,有效应对网络群体事件,提升舆论引导能力成为当前构建和谐社会面临的重要课题,同时也是衡量各级政府及传统媒体应对公共危机能力的重要体现。     

强化管理：应对危机的现实选择

当前,由美国次贷危机引发的国际金融危机还在持续蔓延,对实体经济的影响还在进一步加深;加上我国经济运行中逐渐积累的深层次矛盾和问题还没有根本解决,今后一段时间我国企业将面临非常严峻的经营环境。为此,我们既要沉着应对,冷静思考,充分估计可能遇到的困难和挑战;又要坚定信心,抓住机遇,努力转危为机,实现新的发展。     

品牌危机信息传播管理策略

全球经济一体化背景下,企业竞争日益激化,品牌成为企业竞争的核心竞争力。在法律法规日益健全、政府管理能力不断加强的环境下,企业逐利性导向下的不正当经营行为导致品牌危机频繁发生。而对品牌危机处理不当将使品牌走向衰落,甚至对品牌所有企业造成致命的打击。因此有效地管理品牌危机,对企业来说具有重大意义。     

案例探讨企业危机与媒体应对

现代媒体危机无处不在,在传媒发达的今天,媒体的力量超乎想象的巨大.名不见经传的网站上不起眼的帖子,可以捧红一个品牌,也可以诱发企业大危机,一则负面报道会使企业成为社会舆论的热点和焦点,演变为媒体危机,一个不引人关注的小报,对某一企业的恶意评价或主观揣测而使企业陷入指责和蒙冤,令企业危机在短时间内扩散.面对媒体危机,有的企业表现出大家风范,成功地经受住危机的挑战,化危为机,有的企业则应对不周,遮遮掩掩欲盖弥彰,陷入困境而无法自拔.     

A grounded definition of supply risk

All purchasing organizations encounter supply risk, whether it is explicitly understood and assessed, or reactively managed. The purpose of this paper is to provide a grounded definition of supply risk. Case study data from seven purchasing organizations uncovered various definitions of supply risk. These definitions focus on the sources of supply risk, emanating from individual supplier factors and market characteristics, and the outcomes of supply risk events, which involve the inability of purchasing firms to meet customer requirements and threats to customer life and safety. Findings from this research provide practitioners and academicians a starting point for understanding supply risk and insights as to how supply risk can negatively affect business operations.     

Corporate risk management and asymmetric information

We discuss the effect of information on corporate risk management decisions when the information is asymmetric between the insider and the market. We suggest an explanation for previous contradiction between existing theories and empirical findings, which state that fewer small firms choose to hedge. We consider two different scenarios of information revelation to the market, and find hedging cost is not the main reason preventing firms from hedging. Rather asymmetric information plays the decisive role in a firm's risk management policy. One of the empirical implications we find is that cash flows with high variances may discourage firms from hedging even when they face high financial distress costs.     

Coping with the Tragedy of the Commons: Game Structure and Design of Rules

Abstract.  The paper provides an assessment of some recent results of the large amount of New Institutional Economics analyses investigating a common-pool resource setting, with a specific focus on game theory models. Most of the studies have used a noncooperative approach in order to explain how under-provision for the resource or its over-use – the so-called Tragedy of the Commons – can be avoided, within given management rules. They show how the characteristics of the game (payoff matrix, repetition) or of the users (group size, wealth, heterogeneity and moral norms) may give incentives for the latter to play in a way that benefits all users. By contrast, much fewer articles have used a formalized approach to assess the possibility for players to design new rules to overcome the initial Tragedy of the Commons. The article ends with some proposals of directions for future research.     

强化财务预算管理与信息沟通的探讨

加强企业财务预算管理,是财政部和国资委的要求,目前,多数国有企业虽然加强了财务预算管理,但在信息沟通方面还存在较大的差距。因此,文中从加强企业财务预算内、外部沟通两个方面进行了详细论述,最后得出结论：国有企业要高度重视信息沟通和内、外部协调,把握市场信息,捕捉千变万化的有利时机,提高市场竞争力,从确保预算目标完成,为实现企业的长期战略目标走好每一步。     

中国通货膨胀与通货膨胀不确定性的非线性关系

本文利用1983年1月~2007年1月CPI月度数据,应用Hamilton提出的能同时发现数据线性和非线性关系的随机场回归模型,对中国通货膨胀与通货膨胀不确定性的非线性关系进行实证研究。实证的结论支持了Friedman-Ball假设和Cukierman-Meltzer假设。前者呈现U型的非线性关系,这意味高的通货膨胀和通货紧缩都将导致高的不确定性,这一发现补充了Friedman-Ball假设;而对于后者,呈现出更为复杂的N型非线性关系。本文的结论对中央银行控制通货膨胀不确定性具有一定的借鉴意义。     

A new pattern of risk management: The Hyogo Framework for Action and Italian practise

On January 2005, the World Conference on Disaster Reduction adopted the “Hyogo Framework for Action 2005–2025: Building the Resilience of Nations and Communities to Disasters” [UN-ISDR (United Nations, International Strategy for Disaster Reduction), Disaster Risk and Sustainable Development: understanding the links between development, environment and natural hazards leading to disasters, World Summit on Sustainable Development, August–September 2002, Johannesburg, 2002]. This “white paper” seeks to promote “an effective integration of disaster risk considerations into sustainable development policies, planning and programming at all levels” [UN-ISDR (United Nations, International Strategy for Disaster Reduction), Disaster Risk and Sustainable Development: understanding the links between development, environment and natural hazards leading to disasters, World Summit on Sustainable Development, August–September 2002, Johannesburg, 2002. p. 1] outlining a strategic and systematic approach to reduce vulnerabilities and risks to hazards.

The current paper discusses each aspect of the Hyogo approach in relation to the Italian experience. Italy represents an interesting case because of its multiple hazard environment, and the fact that it has developed an integrated approach to risk reduction planning. Strengths and weaknesses of the “Italian way” of dealing with risk are identified, and compared with the theoretical processes suggested by the framework. Implementation of selected key actions in Italy has helped identify a series of obstacles to progress, further defining the gap that still exists between theoretical framework and actual practise.

The various activities constituting “risk management” (viz., assessment, prevention, mitigation, monitoring, early warning, preparedness) are here considered in a comprehensive framework wherein each phase is connected to the others. The paper focuses on natural hazards, which are more frequent in Italy (landslides, floods, earthquakes, volcanic eruptions, natural soil erosion). The main results include:

• A new process for dealing with risk, using the framework for guidance, is identified. We track the reasons for Italy gradually adopting this process in dealing with her vulnerabilities to natural hazards.

• Those factors that appear to interfere with an integrated approach to risk management are identified as a function of selected experiences.

• Guidelines for analysing vulnerabilities to disaster in a multi-hazard, integrated context are proposed.

Cyber supply chain risk management: Revolutionizing the strategic control of critical IT systems

Cyber supply chain risk management (CSCRM) is a new discipline designed to help IT executives address the challenges of the rapid globalization and outsourced diffusion of hardware and software systems. CSCRM is an integrative discipline combining elements of cybersecurity, supply chain management, and enterprise risk management into a new and powerful concept to exert strategic control over the end-to-end processes of the focal organization and its extended enterprise partners. This article provides a survey of the field, as well as a detailed analysis of the results of a four-year research project on CSCRM, conducted by the Robert H. Smith School of Business Supply Chain Management Center for the National Institute of Standards and Technology, that focused on the development of organizational assessment tools and a capability/maturity model for this emerging discipline.     

对现代企业内部管理沟通发展趋势问题的探讨

在新的经济环境下,部门间的沟通将比以往更受关注,沟通是联结企业各组织部门管理职能的纽带,文章认为,现在种种观念、经济和技术上的变化不仅给部门间沟通提供了发展动力,也进一步提高了各部门之间的工作效率。     

Towards risk-aware roadmapping: Influencing factors and practical measures

In spite of the significance of uncertainty and risk in strategy, there is still a general lack of attention to their explicit consideration in strategic planning processes. This lack of attention is also obvious in roadmapping in its application to strategic and innovation planning. This paper introduces and explores the concept of risk-aware roadmapping, which explicitly manages uncertainty and risk in roadmapping, and sheds light on what such a process will entail given the factors that influence it. The study adopts a qualitative approach involving in-depth interviews with roadmapping experts and case studies of roadmapping exercises. This paper contributes to knowledge by providing a process that adds three significant steps to the standard risk management process, to suit roadmapping and strategic front-end innovation planning and identifying the risk of missing valuable innovation opportunities, which is very often overlooked in practice. Theoretical implications for organisational sensemaking are identified especially in the use and management of constraints for sensemaking activities such as innovation planning.     

External communication behaviour of purchasers—effects on supplier management performance

This article presents findings of a research effort that focuses on the relationships among the external communication behaviour of purchasers, individual and contextual factors and the performance in supplier management. Communication quantity, openness and friendliness were identified as dimensions of individual communication behaviour. Information and relationship quality were used as the two dimensions of communication quality. The results, based on structural equation analysis, provide support for the positive influence of individual communication behaviour on communication quality and supplier management performance. Results suggest that relationship quality appears to be of great significance in the model. Oral communication capability and purchasers’ attitudes towards individual communication with suppliers also play important roles in explaining external communication behaviour of purchasers.