后危机时代金融体系的完善与创新——银行主导型和市场主导型金融体系的比较研究

在研究国内外金融结构发展理论的基础上,结合金融体系和实体经济两方面特性,对银行主导型和市场主导型两种金融体系进行比较分析.结果表明,分业经营的银行主导型金融体系对我国现阶段国民经济发展水平及产业结构更具有防范系统风险的作用,而市场主导型金融体系在监管缺失下更容易发生危机.因此,展开金融业竞争、加强法制、在合理监管体制下促进金融创新和提高金融体系运作效率是满足实体经济对金融结构的内在要求.     

The moderating effect of innovation on the relationship between environmental and financial performance: Evidence from high emitters in Australia

This study examines whether environmental-related innovation moderates the association between environmental and financial performance measured respectively as carbon emissions and return on assets (ROA). The sample comprises 119 companies subject to Australia's National Greenhouse Energy Reporting Act (NGER) for the period 2009–2017. The results show that environmental innovation positively moderates the relationship between environmental performance and financial performance. The findings also imply that the impact of environmental innovation in improving environmental performance is observable with a 1-year lag. The results are robust to the alternative financial performance measures of Tobin's Q and Altman's Z score. The findings have important implications for company managers and policymakers and provide useful information on innovation's role in enhancing environmental and financial performance.     

RISE OF THE FIDUCIARY STATE: A SURVEY OF SOVEREIGN WEALTH FUND RESEARCH

We survey the literature documenting the rise of sovereign wealth funds (SWFs), which, with assets under management of over $5.4 trillion at year‐end 2014, are a major force in global finance. Research papers have analyzed the evolution of SWFs from stabilization funds to stand‐alone wealth management funds; we both survey this research and show that more than 25 countries have launched or proposed new SWFs since January 2008. The most salient and controversial feature of SWFs is that they are state‐owned; we survey the existing literature on state ownership and discuss what this predicts about the efficiency and beneficence of government control of SWF assets. We discuss the documented importance of SWF funding sources (oil sales revenues versus excess reserves from export earnings) and survey the normative literature describing how SWFs should allocate funds. We then summarize the empirical literature studying how SWFs actually do allocate funds—across asset classes, geographically, and across industries. We document that most SWF equity investments in publicly traded firms involve cross‐border purchases of sizeable minority stakes (median around 20%) in target firms, with a strong preference for investments in the financial sector. Next, we assess empirical studies examining the impact of SWF stock investments on target firm financial and operating performance, and find universal support for a positive announcement period stock price increase of 1–3%. This, however, is significantly lower than the 5% abnormal return documented for stock purchases by comparable privately owned financial investors in recent studies, indicating a “sovereign wealth fund discount.” We conclude by summarizing the lessons of SWF research and pointing out unresolved issues.     

On the financial balance of input–output constructs: revisiting an axiomatic evaluation

Financial balance is fundamental to input–output (IO) analysis, and consequently the respect of this balance is one of the dominant criteria in evaluating IO constructs. Kop Jansen, and ten Raa [(1990) The Choice of Model in the Construction of Input–Output Coefficients Matrices. International Economic Review 31, 213] proved that the byproduct-technology construct (BTC) and the industry-technology construct (ITC) do not generally conserve financial balance. In contrast, Majeau-Bettez et al. [(2016) When do Allocations and Constructs Respect Material, Energy, Financial, and Production Balances in LCA and EEIO? Journal of Industrial Ecology 20, 67–84] demonstrated that the BTC necessarily respects financial balance and that the ITC is always financially balanced when applied to data recorded in monetary units. The present article resolves this paradox.     

Publication trends in the Journal of International Financial Management and Accounting: A retrospective review

This study uses bibliometric analysis to assess Journal of International Financial Management & Accounting (JIFMA's) evolution between 1989 and 2021. In this retrospective review, we investigate the journal's performance, authorship trends, and intellectual structure. The journal's international focus is primarily on cross-country studies and the effects of country-level factors on various accounting and finance outcomes. The collaborative network of JIFMA's authors has also grown substantially consistent with rise in research collaboration in general across the world. We identify nine major themes making up JIFMA's knowledge structure: (1) value relevance of accounting information relating to the adoption of International Financial Reporting Standards, (2) voluntary corporate disclosure, (3) corporate use of financial derivatives, (4) corporate governance, (5) equity valuation, (6) stock return seasonalities, foreign equity ownership, and cost of capital, (7) earnings announcements and pecking order behavior, (8) triple-bottom-line disclosures, and (9) managerial ownership and earnings management. Our findings will likely benefit JIFMA's editorial board and other journal stakeholders including future researchers.     

A two-step simulation procedure to analyze the exercise features of American options

Abstract In this contribution we propose a two-step simulation procedure that enables to compute the exercise features of American options and analyze the properties of the optimal exercise times and exercise probabilities. The first step of the procedure is based on the calculation of an accurate approximation of the optimal exercise boundary. In particular, we use a smoothed binomial method which effectively reduces the fluctuating behavior of a discrete boundary. In the second step the boundary is used to define a stopping rule which is embodied in a Monte Carlo simulation method. A broad experimental analysis is carried out in order to test the procedure and study the behavior of the exercise features. Mathematics Subject Classification (2000): 60G40, 60J60, 65C20 Journal of Economic Literature Classification: G13     

金融系统脆弱性的生成机制研究

2007年爆发的美国次贷危机始于一场信用危机,最终演化为一场全球经济危机,给世界经济的发展带来了极大的冲击。对金融系统脆弱性的概念进行界定,总结出金融系统脆弱性的生成因素,包括信息不对称、有限理性与羊群效应以及金融机构内部管理缺陷等内在因素和金融自由化、金融同质化、经济虚拟化以及经济全球化等外在因素。因此,应加强对金融机构的管理和监管,舒缓金融系统脆弱性,保证金融系统稳健运行。     

金融机构集聚:国际金融中心形成过程的新视角

在外部规模经济、知识集聚和信息外溢、市场机制及区域文化影响的共同作用下,各种不同种类金融机构在空间中集聚,并通过与实体经济其他产业的相互促进,逐步形成金融产业集群。金融产业集群提高了金融创新速度和效率,有利于金融机构的风险控制和风险管理及风险分摊,提高了金融机构的运行效率。金融机构进一步空间集聚、金融产业集群的规模进一步扩大,必然伴随着金融影响力的外向发散,跨出区域,跨出国家,金融中心就自然形成了。因此,金融中心的形成过程,就是金融机构的集聚过程,金融机构集聚是一个城市成为金融中心的前提和基础。在这个过程中,政府在许多方面都可以通过制定相关的政策加以引导,形成政府推动型金融中心。     

企业财务规划研究视角的变迁

随着市场环境的变化,企业财务规划的目标、内涵及模型也都发生了变化,这使财务规划的研究因之不断深入。传统的以财务计划为主要形式的财务规划研究已不能适应现代企业财务管理的需要。随着价值管理被越来越多的企业所重视,财务规划研究更强调目标的价值性、内容上的增长性与战略性以及机制上的动态性。     

金融素养、金融资产配置与投资组合有效性

基于动态最优控制理论模型，运用中国家庭微观调查数据，系统研究了金融素养在家庭金融资产配置中的作用及对投资组合有效性的影响。理论分析表明，在一定条件下，金融素养能够显著提升家庭资产中风险性资产的配置比重，有助于实现消费效用最大化。考虑了内生性的实证分析结果表明：金融素养对于风险性资产与金融资产具有显著的正向影响，但无法作用于国债这类无风险资产；金融素养的提升有助于增加股票与基金的配置概率，有助于实施积极的投资策略，但对消极投资策略不显著；金融素养的提升能够显著增加家庭投资组合有效性，促使家庭获得更多的超额回报。     

金融结构变迁下的金融监管问题研究

金融监管结构与金融结构的匹配是保证金融稳定发展的基本要求。因为不同的金融结构会引致不同的金融风险结构,而风险控制则是金融监管的首要任务。适应金融结构和风险控制的需要,金融监管也必须形成相应的分工结构。“直接融资比重上升”和“金融业混业经营”是当前我国金融结构在宏观和微观两个层面上的重要演变趋势,这种变迁有可能会对金融体系的稳定性产生冲击,这对金融监管提出了新的要求。     

金融开放、技术创新与产业结构调整——基于中等收入国家的分析

从金融开放对于经济结构转型的复杂影响角度出发,探讨扩大金融开放程度是否会促进经济结构转型,研究发现:(1)金融开放与产业结构调整之间呈现倒U型关系。金融开放对产业结构调整的过程中,金融开放存在一个最佳的限度;(2)在金融开放作用于产业结构的过程中,技术创新起到了显著的中介作用。因此,大力推进金融体系改革,提升我国金融发展质量,进而循序渐进推进金融开放,重视技术创新的中介作用对于我国经济结构转型意义重大。     

Do Greenhouse Gas Emissions Affect Financial Performance? – an Empirical Examination of Australian Public Firms

Previous studies that have attempted to relate corporate environmental performance to financial performance have generated conflicting results. This paper presents the findings of a study on the relationship between greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions and the financial performance of Australian corporations. Using multiple regression models and data from a sample of 69 Australian public companies, this paper finds a positive correlation between GHG emissions and corporate financial performance. By testing the statistical significance of GHG emission factors in determining company Tobin's q, this study finds that a stronger Tobin's q often correlates with higher GHG emissions across all industry sectors. This finding is contrary to evidence found in previous studies conducted in other countries. The positive correlation found in this study could be explained with reference to the unique economic structure and development of Australia, particularly its dominant mining industry. Copyright © 2013 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd and ERP Environment     

最佳投融资决策的经济学分析

企业的投资决策和融资决策是企业经济活动中一对互动的经营链,是围绕企业价值来实现的。企业的投融资决策受到各利益主体(经营者、股东、债权人)行为的牵制和制衡。因此本文结合实际情形,分别对基于企业价值最大化和管理薪酬机制下的投融资决策问题进行分析,在一定程度上说明最佳的投融资决策是企业各行为主体利益权衡的结果。     

中美金融控股公司比较分析

文章从美国金融控股公司的发展特点出发,总结相关可借鉴的经验,同时结合我国实际情况,得出一些启示,以期对我国的金融控股公司顺利发展有所裨益。     

后金融危机条件下我国房地产证券化研究\n——基于美国房地产证券化实践的启示

我国房地产市场发展过程中现存问题的背后是房地产金融市场风险.美国的房地产资产证券化历程从正反两方面都给中国寻找有效控制和分散风险的方法及中国房地产金融创新等提供了很好的借鉴和启示.我国房地产金融市场建设总体上应遵循"长短结合,疏堵并举"的原则.短期有"堵"有"疏";长期以"疏"为主.     

重庆市金融要素市场培育的政府行为边界分析

随着重庆建设我国金融中心步伐的日益加快,本文针对如何界定重庆政府在建设金融中心的金融要素市场培育的三种理论为出发点,根据制度经济学"政府在制度变迁中提供的基本服务是博弈的基本规则"的原理,运用道格拉斯·诺斯制度变迁和经济增长的理论模型,提出重庆政府行为边界的具体构建框架,即完善稳定金融要素体系,提供配套基础设施及环境支持;为健全金融要素市场提供政策保障;随着金融要素市场不断形成出台并规范相关法律法规,明确规定政府行为边界,为重庆金融要素市场的培育提供有力的支持和保护。     

Gender gap,training and financial performance: evidence from public accounting industry

This study examines the effects of training on organization-level financial performance for male-owned and female-owned audit firms. We define audit firms whose auditors take professional training as non-violator firms and whose auditors do not take professional training as violator firms. Regression results indicate that financial performance of non-violator audit firms is better than that of violator firms. Male-owned audit firms are superior in financial performance to female-owned ones. Male-owned violator firms even outperform female-owned non-violator firms. In addition, the extent of financial performance effect of training in the female-owned audit firms is higher compared to the male-owned firms. Findings gained in this study indicate that gender-role stereotype dominates the determination of financial performance of Taiwanese audit firms due to the Chinese cultural values in social roles against women. This study extends prior studies on training and gender gap, contributing knowledge to the extant literatures.     

Impact of CO2 Emission Variation on Firm Performance

The quantifying and reporting of greenhouse gas emissions is one of the most important tools for monitoring and auditing proposed to mitigate climate change, and it also directly affects business. It is thus vital that at this time we learn in detail whether firms actually report on greenhouse gas emissions and make the account entries that must be included within it. This research is twofold: first to analyse the reports on greenhouse gas emissions of international firms in the 2007 and 2008 period and to see what kind of variation occurs in CO₂ emissions between 2006–2007 and 2007–2008, and second to determine the impact that this variation (2006–2007) can have on firm performance in four time periods (t, t + 1, t + 2 and t + 3) that correspond to 2007, 2008, 2009 and 2010, taking two variables as a measure of firm performance, ROE and ROA, and considering a time period affected by a financial crisis. The results obtained show that there was a reduction in CO₂ emissions in the 2006–2007 period, and also in the 2007–2008 period. As regards the impact that the variation in CO₂ emissions has on ROE and ROA, CO₂ emission variation is a significant but negative variable only for ROA_2007 and for the rest of the years it is not statistically significant either for ROE or ROA. Copyright © 2012 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd and ERP Environment.     

杠杆原理及其在财务决策中的运用

企业的财务杠杆原理对企业的资本结构优化起着重要的作用。从理论层面对资本结构进行分析,结合财务杠杆原理分析对资本结构的影响,界定出最优资本结构,并在此基础上设计了利用财务杠杆实现资本结构优化的应用方案。