栈桥结构分析

以某水泥生产线钢结构栈桥为背景，利用通用有限元软件ANSYS对该栈桥进行了各种设计载荷下的动态和静力分析，计算结果表明该栈桥各杆件均满足规范要求，此结构稳定可靠，能够满足工程实际要求。     

水电工程直立岩壁钢栈桥基础优化设计

水电项目施工中,经常遇到边坡岩层不够稳定等不良地质情况,为防止因边坡不稳定造成的危害,工程中经常搭建大量排架,并架设钢栈桥作为钢管排架的基础,因此开展钢栈桥基础稳定性研究具有重要理论意义及工程价值。本文以某厂房边坡危岩体治理工程为背景,分析不同因素对钢栈桥基础力学性能的影响,通过理论分析和有限元数值模拟相结合的方法,对钢栈桥结构型式和截面尺寸进行优化设计,给出工程常用跨度和荷载下结构的截面选择。     

复杂海域环境下钢栈桥的设计与验算

沿海路改桥项目施工过程中常规的施工便道及施工平台无法满足桥位处复杂的海域环境要求,而复杂海域环境下钢栈桥结构常年经受大风及波浪冲击作用,结构受力复杂,需要进行特殊设计与验算。本文在已有研究成果的基础上设计了复杂海域环境下钢栈桥搭建方案,考虑钢栈桥在正常使用和台风期停工两种施工情况,采用Midas/Civil建立钢栈桥有限元分析模型,进行了多种典型工况下主要构件应力、钢管桩桩底反力及钢管桩嵌固点的验算。验算结果表明设计的钢栈桥满足项目施工要求,作为临时通道能够有效的解决桥梁的施工作业问题,对复杂海域环境下钢栈桥的设计与验算具有借鉴意义。     

深水无覆盖层地区钢栈桥技术研究

当前形势下,山区及高原地区基建项目的日益增多,为适应高山、深水以及地形起伏较大等复杂地形中临时栈桥施工,本文从钢栈桥的设计与施工两个角度分别进行分析研究,并通过实例进行了详细的阐述,分析总结了一套适应复杂地形地区栈桥设计及施工技术,指导后期类似项目的施工。     

浅海钢管桩基础防腐技术

青岛海湾大桥栈桥工程以钢管桩为基础,由于栈桥使用期限较长,钢管桩在海水中的防腐措施显得尤为重要。在本文中,为防止钢管桩在浅海中发生严重的腐蚀情况,对栈桥钢管桩基础采用了牺牲阳极法、涂层保护法等联合保护法进行防腐处理,保证栈桥的使用寿命及安全运行。     

装配式钢栈桥及钢平台施工关键技术

钢栈桥及钢平台在桥梁、码头等水中构筑物的施工领域运用非常广泛,本文以中交二航局宁高项目6.5公里钢栈桥及215座钢平台施工为背景,将原有设计方案优化成装配式钢栈桥,总结了装配式钢栈桥及钢平台施工经验,为类似工程提供参考。     

仰拱顶模及栈桥在隧道仰拱施工中的应用

隧道仰拱混凝土在浇筑施工过程中常常需要靠顶模才能使混凝土的形状符合设计要求.同时,为保证仰拱施工期间洞内正常通车,需要在仰拱上方架设仰拱栈桥.结合武广客运专线大瑶山隧道的实际施工情况,设计了一种隧道仰拱混凝土浇筑专用顶模和栈桥.重点对该顶模和栈桥的结构和使用方法进行分析和探讨,以供同类工程借鉴和参考.     

某特大桥钢栈桥设计和架设施工要点

在大多数跨江河、过湖泊的桥梁工程中,都要架设栈桥以进行水中桥梁构造部位的施工。如今更多采用钢栈桥,钢栈桥的设计和架设施工对于钢栈桥造价、安全使用关系非常重大。文章以某特大桥临时钢栈桥的设计和和架设施工为例,对临时钢栈桥的设计和和架设施工要点进行论述、研究。     

浅谈施工栈桥型式与栈桥结构型式的选择

施工栈桥型式和结构型式的选择,主要考虑施工栈桥地理位置的气候水文地质条件、施工栈桥长度、施工栈桥使用时间、施工机械设备通行频率等因素。本文通过介绍漳江湾特大桥施工栈桥型式和结构型式是如何选择并实施,使栈桥满足施工需求、可操作性强、经济简便。     

深水、裸露基岩等困难条件下重载施工栈桥设计及施工

本文结合水利口大桥施工实践,介绍重载施工栈桥的设计和施工.因栈桥处为深水,且基岩裸露,钢管桩支墩难以入岩锚固.本项目通过对钢管桩入岩方案进行研究及验算,创新了一种在裸露基层上套桩接长的技术方案,解决了裸露基岩上修建水中栈桥的难题,可供类似地质条件下栈桥的修建进行借鉴.     

Incumplimiento del salario mínimo en Europa central y oriental

En este estudio se analiza el incumplimiento del salario mínimo durante el periodo 2003–2012 en diez países de Europa central y oriental con salario mínimo obligatorio nacional. A partir de los datos de EU‐SILC y la metodología propuesta por Bhorat, Kanbur y Mayet (2013), se cuantifica la incidencia y magnitud del incumplimiento. Se realizan análisis de regresión sobre determinantes individuales, laborales y macroeconómicos. Aunque la incidencia permanece relativamente baja, los trabajadores a los que se dirigen las políticas de salario mínimo parecen los más expuestos a su incumplimiento. Con el tiempo, una mayor incidencia se asocia a una razón más alta entre salario mínimo y salario medio.     

Cultural Economy Planning in Creative Cities: Discourse and Practice

While a growing body of research analyses the functional mechanisms of the cultural or creative economy, there has been little attention devoted to understanding how local governments translate this work into policy. Moreover, research in this vein focuses predominately on Richard Florida's creative class thesis rather than considering the wider body of work that may influence policy. This article seeks to develop a deeper understanding of how municipalities conceptualize and plan for the cultural economy through the lens of two cities held up as model ‘creative cities’ — Austin, Texas and Toronto, Ontario. The work pays particular attention to how the cities adopt and adapt leading theories, strategies and discourses of the cultural economy. While policy documents indicate that the cities embrace the creative city model, in practice agencies tend to adapt conventional economic development strategies for cultural economy activity and appropriate the language of the creative city for multiple purposes.     

Input/output ranges and performance: an examination of US machine tool producers

Despite the establishment of high-tech multinational enterprises (MNEs) in Ireland since the late 1950s, the country did not succeed in closing the technological gap with most of its EU counterparts. The weak National System of Innovation (NSI), and in particular low business and government R&D levels, combined with a lack of research and technology linkages between MNEs and indigenous firms, explain these poor results. However, the Shannon region in the West of the country presents some specific institutional characteristics that could theoretically make the region a strong technological enclave. The various actors in the region - i.e. the administrative, financial, political and research institutions, as well as the business organizations - have indeed infused a new type of economic development. After a brief review of the available concepts and models articulated around these actors and their interrelationships, the paper analyses whether the Shannon region, taken as an illustrative example, mirrors a specific economic and technological localized setting. The study is based on a survey of indigenous and foreign firms.     

Sixty years of discrimination and diversity research in human resource management: A review with suggestions for future research directions

This article reviews discrimination and diversity research published in Human Resource Management (HRM) over the past 60 years. While discrimination and diversity are very different constructs, it is often informative to study them together, because when people recognize each other's diversity, this can result in bias, stereotyping, and discrimination. We conducted bibliographic searches for terms related to discrimination and diversity as well as a manual search through every title and abstract published in HRM over the last 60 years to assess article relevance. The search resulted in 135 research articles with 136 unique studies (i.e., samples) which are reviewed in this article. Sex and race are the demographics that have been examined the most in HRM, while religion has been examined the least. Moreover, the number of studies examining lesbian, gay, bisexual, transgender, and queer (LGBTQ) employees in the workplace in HRM has grown quickly within the past 10 years, culminating in a recent meta‐analysis. Our review looks at some of the earliest research published, the most recent research published, and the overall trends we identified in the research over the years for both discrimination and diversity articles. We then make future research suggestions and recommendations to advance the study of discrimination and diversity in the coming years.     

Multinomial distributions applied to random sampling of particulate materials

When sampling a batch consisting of particulate material, the distribution of a sample estimator can be characterized using knowledge about the sample drawing process. With Bernoulli sampling, the number of particles in the sample is binomially distributed. Because this is rarely realized in practice, we propose a sampling design in which the possible samples have a nearly equal mass. Expected values and variances of the sample estimator are calculated. It is shown that the sample estimator becomes identical to the Horvitz–Thompson estimator in the case of a large batch-to-sample mass ratio and a large sample mass. Simulations and experiments were performed to test the theory. Simulations confirm that the round-off error due to the discrete nature of particles is negligible for large sample sizes. Sampling experiments were carried out with a mixture of PolyPropylene (PP) and PolyTetraFluorEthylene (PTFE) spheres suspended in a viscous medium. The measured and theoretical variations are in good agreement.     

The Early History of the Cumulants and the Gram-Charlier Series

The early history of the Gram-Charlier series is discussed from three points of view: (1) a generalization of Laplace's central limit theorem, (2) a least squares approximation to a continuous function by means of Chebyshev-Hermite polynomials, (3) a generalization of Gauss's normal distribution to a system of skew distributions. Thiele defined the cumulants in terms of the moments, first by a recursion formula and later by an expansion of the logarithm of the moment generating function. He devised a differential operator which adjusts any cumulant to a desired value. His little known 1899 paper in Danish on the properties of the cumulants is translated into English in the Appendix.     

Capturing the Implications of Services Trade Liberalization

This paper evaluates the impact of service sector trade liberalization on the world economy by a ten-region, eleven-sector CGE model with import embodied technology transfer from developed countries to developing countries. Simulation results show that service sector trade liberalization not only directly affects world service production and trade, but also has significant implications for other sectors in the economy. The major channel of the impact is through inter-industry input-output relations and TFP growth induced from services imported by developing countries from developed countries, which may be embodied with new information and advanced technology.     

Performance appraisal and culture: practice and attitudes in Hong Kong and Great Britain

This article compares the practice of and attitudes towards performance appraisal for managerial and professional staff in Hong Kong and Britain, and considers the extent to which actual practice and employee preferences are in alignment. Findings suggest that appraisal may be more widespread in Hong Kong than in Britain. However, British appraisal tends to be more participative and to place greater emphasis on discussing objectives, development and career plans. Hong Kong appraisals appear to be more directive and Hong Kong respondents perceive a higher level of 'negative' appraiser behaviour. In spite of this, Hong Kong respondents show if anything slightly more confidence in the utility of appraisal than do British respondents. They show stronger support for appraisal's use for reward and punishment and less support for the objectives-setting and training and development uses than do the British sample. Hong Kong respondents are more likely than their British counterparts to favour involving a more senior manager in appraisal, and they are less likely to prefer more frequent appraisals. There was little evidence that Hong Kong respondents had a stronger preference for group-based appraisal criteria, although they did show more support than the British sample for the use of personality as a basis for appraisal. Overall, the suggestion is that appraisal has been adopted in Hong Kong organizations but that the practice of appraisal has been adapted to suit the cultural characteristics of the society.     

Narrative construction of expatriate experience and career cycle: discursive patterns in Finnish stories of international

Expatriate experience is not only a disconnected occasion for cross-cultural anxiety and adjustment but also an important event in the process of self-development and learning. Following this view and arguing for a discursive approach, the paper focuses on ways in which expatriates themselves tell and interpret their development and movement across expatriate career cycle. Meaning systems connecting expatriate job with previous and following work experiences in career stories of Finnish engineers and managers were identified using a combination of narrative and discourse analysis. No evidence was found of an autonomous expatriate discourse but, in contrast, expatriate career cycle was narrated using available organizational repertoires of development and career. Describing and discussing the meaning-making properties of three identified discourses - bureaucratic, occupational and enterprising - the paper emphasizes the organizational environment of expatriate experience while acknowledging the limits of these contemporary career vocabularies in addressing individual learning and change in cross-cultural settings.     

Internet professionals: job skills for an on-line age

The paper explores the increasing popularity of the Internet technology Singapore. It argues that the diffusion of Internet technology to South-East Asia would create new duties and responsibilities for human resource (HR) managers. One such duty is the identification of the skills which professional Internet staff would need to perform their work effectively in organizations. Using a triangulation research method, empirical study has identified the new professional Internet jobs which have emerged the IT industry in Singapore and the skills that professional Internet personnel require do their jobs effectively. Analysis of the findings indicates that professional Internet skills involve both technical and creative abilities and that, in explaining or defining professional Internet skills, it is necessary to use both the technical and the social conceptions of skill. This argument is based on the view that the creative skills include tacit skills so that a definition based solely on the technical conception of skill cannot capture the various dimensions of Internet skills. The implications of the research findings for human resource managers are raised.