农村小额信贷保险发展研究——以山东省临沂市为例

发展小额信贷保险是突破小额信贷发展瓶颈的重要措施,但是小额信贷保险发展远远无法满足市场的需要。本文通过介绍临沂市农村小额信贷发展的现状,分析了临沂市农村小额信贷保险存在的问题,从而进一步提出了加快临沂市农村小额信贷保险发展的建议。     

农村合作银行小额信贷服务“三农”的发展与对策研究——以黄岩区为例

农村合作银行为服务三农提供主要资金,本文根据小额信贷理论,针对当前小额信贷发展现状,通过对黄岩农村合作银行小额信贷服务三农的案例分析,针对黄岩农村合作银行小额信贷服务三农存在的问题分析了原因,提出了小额农贷可持续发展的对策及建议。     

孟加拉乡村银行小额信贷的成功经验对于我国小额信贷的启示

自1986年以来,我国的农村小额信贷体系获得了长足的发展,但仍存在一些亟需解决的问题。我国的小额信贷体系主要借鉴了孟加拉的乡村银行小额信贷体系,且孟加拉国为国际公认的小额信贷运作最成功的国家之一,因此本文通过分析孟加拉国的农村小额信贷的成功之处,汲取成功经验,促进我国小额信贷体系的进一步发展。     

我国小额信贷模式的选择

小额信贷作为服务农村的一项金融工具经过几十年的发展,形成了不同的模式。我国小额信贷不能简单模仿他人模式,要找出适合本国的模式。旨在探讨我国小额信贷模式问题,通过分析我国小额信贷中存在的问题,对我国小额信贷模式提出建议。     

我国小额信贷模式的选择

小额信贷作为服务农村的一项金融工具经过几十年的发展，形成了不同的模式。我国小额信贷不能简单模仿他人模式，要找出适合本国的模式。旨在探讨我国小额信贷模式问题，通过分析我国小额信贷中存在的问题，对我国小额信贷模式提出建议。     

关于农村小额信贷农户满意度影响因素的实证分析——以海南省屯昌县为例

从农户满意度最直观的考察指标来看,小额信贷的覆盖广度和覆盖深度还处于较低的水平,直接影响了小额信贷的长期可持续发展。本文采用卡方统计分析方法并通过建立Logit模型对影响农村小额信贷满意度的因素进行了实证分析,并在此基础上提出了农村小额信贷可持续发展的若干建议。     

中国小额信贷机构的历史、现状和扶贫性

经过20多年发展,中国的小额信贷机构在全国已逐渐形成了其特有的基本格局。本文根据机构的不同性质系统梳理了我国各类小额信贷机构的历史和现状,进而从国际小额信贷基本理念和要求出发,重点分析了我国不同类型小额信贷机构在经营目标上的不同特点。最后,通过典型案例对我国较成功小额信贷机构在实现经营目标方面的经验进行了总结。     

美国绿色小额信贷发展的经验与启示

党的＂十八届三种全会＂提出要支持绿色经济的发展,鼓励环境保护与扶贫的协调发展。其中绿色小额信贷作为一种近年来新兴事物,兼具扶贫和环境保护功能。近年来,绿色小额信贷在世界范围内得到了迅速的推广。本文通过分析美国绿色小额信贷的发展经验,总结美国绿色小额信贷对我国的启示,并结合我国国情,提出我国发展绿色小额信贷的对策与建议。     

小额信贷保险发展研究

发展小额信贷保险是突破小额信贷发展瓶颈的重要措施。本文从经济学的角度分析了小额信贷保险发展的基础,从现实出发分析了小额信贷保险的发展动力,并提出为保障其长远、稳定发展应采取的对策。     

农村小额信贷发展现状、问题与对策——基于西营镇的实地调查和分析

本文以西营镇农村信用社农户小额信贷发展为基础,明确农村小额信贷定义、模式等问题,阐述西营镇农村小额信贷发展现状,分析农村小额信贷存在的问题以及发展缓慢的深层次原因,并提出了相对应的对策建议。     

我国农村小额信贷未来发展路径探析

建设社会主义新农村需要大量的资金投入,特别是小额农贷对农民致富持续发展无疑又是举足轻重。本文首先分析了我国农村小额信贷存在的问题,进而指出了其未来的发展路径。得出邮政储蓄银行在农村小额信贷业务方面大有可为。最后分析了邮政储蓄银行农村小额信贷风险的防范措施。     

Development of bank microcredit

We analyze the process by which banks enter the microcredit market while still engaging in traditional credit practices. For this we study a competitive credit market with adverse selection, where lenders are endowed with a screening technology capable of extracting an informative signal about a borrower’s quality if enough time is devoted to process the loan application. The time necessary for signal extraction depends on the borrower’s informational transparency. In the presence of opaque and transparent borrowers, depending on economy parameters, either a separating equilibrium with standard credit or microcredit prevails or a pooling equilibrium with either loan contract prevails.     

Microfinance and social capital formation- a social network analysis approach

The microcredit program has emerged as an important poverty alleviation strategy over the last three decades, and several studies have examined its economic impacts on the community well-being. However, far too little attention has been paid to the effects of micro credits on community social connection and solidarity. This paper aims to examine the application of Social Network Analysis (SNA) to explore the impact of the rural microcredit fund on community social capitals. In doing so, the data on interactions of four rural development groups' members before and after the microcredit project implementation were collected using participatory workshops in Neyzar village of Qom province in Iran. The data were analyzed by Ucinet software, and the socio-graphs were produced by the NetDraw application. The results show that, more people have been involved in the social interactions after the project implementation and there was statistically significant increase in density and decrease in centralization of cooperation network. Furthermore, there were no important distinctions in centrality of people with various educational levels before and after the project implementation. Overall, it can be concluded that, the microfinance initiative considerably promotes the community social capital and participation in the rural development activities. Moreover, the SNA techniques are applicable as an impact assessment tool to investigate changes in community social capital.     

A Matter of Experience? Understanding the Decline in Group Lending

Group lending, often considered a key innovation driving the successful expansion of microcredit across the world, appears to be on the decline. Using MIX data on microfinance institutions (MFIs), we study this time trend, focusing on macroeconomic predictors of group lending and MFI experience. Results suggest that any movement away from group lending is better explained via MFIs gaining experience rather than a secular time trend. We also find that group lending is used more extensively in poorer and low‐growth economies. We argue that these findings can be understood within established views of group lending, and carry important implications for the historical and continuing importance of group lending.     

Capital Is Not Enough: Innovation in Developing Economies

Economic development and social entrepreneurship often conceive of poverty as a resource allocation problem in which a lack of capital prevents the poor from increasing their income through entrepreneurship. This allocative view, however, represents only one possible approach to conceptualizing entrepreneurial opportunity. The alternative discovery‐ and creativity‐based views place a greater emphasis on innovation which implies that superior ideas are also needed if poverty is to be reduced through firm performance. Drawing from a survey of 201 small business owners involved in a microcredit programme in Nairobi, Kenya, we find that the financial, social, human capital–performance relationships are mediated in part by innovation. Further, we find that differentiation‐related innovations lead to better firm performance than novelty‐related innovations.     

Do Powerful CEOs Determine Microfinance Performance?

Recently, microfinance has been coming under public and media attacks. The microcredit crisis following from microfinance‐induced suicides in 2010 in the Indian state of Andhra Pradesh indicates that weak corporate governance and imprudent risk taking have far‐reaching consequences. Yet, analyses of corporate governance mechanisms among microfinance institutions (MFIs) remain underdeveloped. As a response, this study examines the impact of CEO power on MFI risk taking by deriving explicit predictions of this effect from a characterization of the microfinance industry. Based on a sample of 280 microfinance institutions, our results suggest that powerful CEOs of microfinance non‐governmental organizations (NGOs) have more decision‐making freedom than powerful CEOs of other types of MFIs. This induces them to make more extreme decisions that increase risk. Furthermore, the decision‐making freedom powerful CEOs have in NGOs appears to lead to worse decisions, because the presence of powerful CEOs in microfinance NGOs is associated with lower performance.     

Gender, self-employment and microcredit programs An Indonesian case study

Credit is often the missing link for low-income families that try to make a living by operating small microenterprises. At the same time, the presumption that lending to the poor is very risky, the costs of operation are high, and the low repayment rates for such loans limit bankers’ willingness to extend credit to the poor. This article, however reports on the results of a microcredit program in Indonesia which suggests that when agencies, government and non-government, in a developing country make credit available to low income women, they can reduce the costs of delivery, greatly increase repayment rates, and substantially improve the well-being of poor families. Other studies also suggest that such credit tends to increase women’s participation in decision making, reduces fertility, substantially improves household nutrition and raises aspirations for children’s education. Our case study cofirms these results.     

东源县旅游资源的空间竞争分析

东源县区位优越,旅游资源丰富独特,具有发展旅游业的先天优势。然而,东源县周边县市也有一些比较独特的旅游资源,且由于开发较早,在当地已形成较高的知名度。这些旅游地与东源县在空间上近邻,对东源县旅游发展造成巨大的挑战。文章从东源县和周边县市旅游资源分布出发,论证了东源县与周边县市同类旅游资源之间的竞争特点以及东源县内部异类旅游资源之间的互补关系;认为东源县旅游发展还需从大区域的角度进行合作,做到:(1)加强区域联合,与周边县市建立旅游协作关系,(2)通过旅游线路设计,旅游资源整合,开发区域性旅游产品,共同开拓旅游市场,(3)共同完善旅游交通。     

离散数学在农业中的应用——以陕西省旬邑县为例

本文在介绍离散数学中广群和半群概念的基础上,阐述了旬邑县独特的地理环境和气候特征,以及广群和半群在旬邑县农作物中的应用。