个性化健康教育对老年慢性病患者影响的研究

目的:探讨个性化健康教育模式对老年慢性病患者健康行为的影响。方法:将60例老年慢性病患者随机分为观察组和对照组各30例,对照组采用讲座、发放手册、宣传牌展示、病友会活动、电话随访等常规的健康教育方式,观察组在常规的健康教育方式的基础上,再具体采用直观性形象教育、重复教育、少而精教育、综合性教育等健康教育方式进行干预,都持续6个月,比较两组病人在干预后对慢性病相关疾病知识掌握情况和生活方式改变的情况,同时调查患者对健康教育讲师的满意度情况。结果:干预后观察组对慢性病相关的知识掌握率,对行为、饮食、运动、心理方面不良生活习惯的改变,对健康教育讲师的满意度明显高于对照组(P<0.05)。结论:个性化健康教育模式在老年慢性病人中的应用可以有效改善患者相关的健康知识和行为,提高对健康教育讲师的满意度。     

督导评估在促进慢性病档案真实性中的作用

提高社区卫生服务中心对慢性病档案的管理水平,解决慢性病患者动态管理问题,探讨对社区慢性病档案进行规范化管理对提高公众身体健康的积极作用。     

慢性病患者 祝您平安过年

新春佳节,慢性病患者倘若吃喝玩乐不当,或情绪波动,常易导致疾病的复发或加重。因此,慢性病患者在过年期间更应多加注意。     

基于前景理论的慢性病患者就医行为分析

文章分析了慢性病患者行为模型参照点的选择,认为锚定心理、社会因素和经济因素都是患者行为模型参照点的影响因素。文章应用行为经济学中的前景理论,对慢性病患者的就医行为进行了分析。建立了模型,通过计算得到患者达到效用最大化的条件。     

江山市主要慢性非传染性疾病患者疾病经济负担调查统计分析

通过对慢性病患者的就医行为及疾病经济负担现象的跟踪研究,为下一步制定合理的卫生政策、干预策略以及慢性病综合防控效果评价提供科学依据。     

健康管理中常见慢性病的体力活动指导

如今，慢性病已经成为危害人类健康的主要原因，健康管理机构的干预、指导和自身积极的健康改善行动为慢性病的控制提供了保证。而体力活动的干预和指导是健康管理的一项基本内容，也是对慢性病生活方式干预的重点。本文针对高血压、糖尿病、冠心病，提出了相应的体力活动原则，为常见慢性病患者提供活动指导。     

基于三级医院及基层医疗机构健康档案大数据对慢性病管理研究

随着我国人口老龄化的加剧,慢性非传染性疾病患者的人数也在不断攀升,此现状促使需求和资源供给不匹配,从而诱发系列医疗资源配置问题.如何更好地将优质医疗资源下沉,更好地为基层医疗机构赋能,为企事业员工提供全方位的健康管理、为居民提供方便快捷高质量的医疗健康服务,同时扩大医院的业务范围,增强影响力,是医院亟待研究的问题.因此,文章探讨了慢性病管理的相关理论基础,以济宁市第一人民医院为例分析了现如今三级医院及基层医疗机构慢性病管理的现状,发现目前慢性病管理中的健康档案建设存在难以高效处理庞大的档案信息、档案信息化管理制度不够完善、档案管理信息化建设程度不够以及档案建立后内容利用程度有限的问题,并提出了相应的解决措施.     

“保健品”新动向:竟然掺有西药成分

糖尿病是常见慢性病之一,现代医学还无法治愈糖尿病,因此糖尿病患者不得不终身服药。而如今,浙江台州一家网店正在销售的一种"保健食品"号称,能代替药物,清除药毒、修复胰岛,降血糖,真的管用吗?市场稽查人员:保健食品批号涉假来看看当地相关部门稽查人员调查到的情况。     

社区慢性病防治档案督导评估方略

根据近几年对自贡市城镇社区慢性病档案管理督导评估情况,总结出慢性病档案管理经验,对慢性病督导方法进行探讨。分析社区慢性病防治现状,探讨对慢性病档案管理督导评估方法。以搞好社区慢性病档案督导评估。     

关于进一步推进全民健康工程的提案

目前,我国经济社会等各项事业发展都取得了令人瞩目的进步,但因病致贫,因亚健康引起的工作、学习、生活等问题仍频频发生。2012年,我国高血压患者已超过2亿人,高血压患病率18.1%,糖尿病患病率9.7%。在2014年12月公布的《国民体质监测结果》中显示,超重与肥胖率持续增长。随着慢性病患者人数持续增加,用于慢性病治疗的经济负担已经远超GDP的增长速度。     

Using Data Mining to Evaluate Patient-oriented Medical Services for Chronic Senility Outpatients

The problem with previous research of health care service were failed to isolate the study objects. Therefore, the purpose of this study is using data mining to analysis disease clusters of chronic senility to enhance quality of health care service. This study used cluster and association analysis of data mining to analyze the health insurance data of outpatients suffering from chronic senility in a hospital in Taiwan, over the period from January to December 2002 (N = 5836). According to analysis of revisit frequency, and disease correlation, the patients were grouped into different clusters, after which expert interviews discovered target clusters with abnormal numbers of revisits. This information was assist planning service strategy for difference groups of patients. Through analysis, two target clusters were isolated, Clusters 4 and 7. Cluster 4 (n=114), had excessive return visit times, and had 13 chronic diseases on average, with 27.2 revisits per year. Cluster 7 (n = 426), had in frequent return visits, and had 4 chronic diseases on average, with 2.68 return visit times per year. After expert interviews, the goal for Cluster 4 was to effectively control chronic diseases, to enhance the patient health and to raise satisfaction levels. The goal of Cluster 7 was to promote patient loyalty.     

The relationship between employee knowledge,personal contact and attitudes towards chronically ill co-employees within the banking sector

As chronic illnesses continue to be a burden in today's organisations, it remains a very crucial call for management to find ways to eradicate the associated organisational problems. While people of all ages are affected by chronic illnesses, there is a higher risk of the elderly developing chronic diseases. However, as much as chronic illnesses are inevitable among employees, there should be ways at least to curb negative social and goal achievement impact which they bring in organisations. In this regard, a survey was conducted to examine the relationship between employees' knowledge about, contact with and attitudes towards their co-employees with chronic illnesses within the banking sector. This is not a well-researched area from an International Journal of Human Resource Management (IJHRM) view and this work could make a useful additive contribution. Results indicated that employees' knowledge about and contact with individuals diagnosed with chronic illnesses were significantly related to better attitudes towards this population. The findings also revealed that knowledge was related to positive attitudes among employees who had more personal contact with individuals with chronic illnesses and such findings indicate the importance of exposing employees to information about chronic illnesses and direct practice experience with individuals who have these illnesses. Managerial implications for employees with chronic illness are discussed.     

Recommendation system using feature extraction and pattern recognition in clinical care systems

Medical information systems have been increasingly facilitating and improving the quality of health monitoring, disease-trend modelling and early intervention with evidence-based medical treatment by data mining and feature extraction. Such systems are part of the enterprise information system of the healthcare organisations. We proposed a new algorithm fb-kNN towards recommendation algorithms based on analysis of the patterns of diseases with patterns in human body, which was then implemented in Healthcare 4.0 for the recommendation of diagnosis and treatment. Our developed tool is a complete package solution for the Enterprise Management System (ERP) which shows improvement in healthcare, reducing chronic diseases and mortality rates.     

Stochastic differential equation modeling the prevalence of rare chronic diseases with an application to systemic lupus erythematosus

In this article we describe a system of stochastic differential equations to model the age‐specific prevalence of rare chronic diseases from incidence and mortality rates. As an application, the age profile of the prevalence of systemic lupus erythematosus in England and Wales in1995 is calculated. The results are in good agreement with the observed epidemiological measures.     

珠江三角洲地区社区中老年疾病谱的建立及意义

目的:了解珠江三角洲社区中老年人疾病谱及特点,为社区防治慢性病提供科学依据。方法:对顺德区北滘镇2008年9240例50岁以上中老年人健康体检资料进行慢性病学流行现状分析。结果:北滘镇50岁以上中老年人疾病谱顺位是高血压(43.11%)、脂肪肝(27.61%)、超重(26.27%)、心律失常(16.01%)、白内障(6.41%)、糖尿病(6.17%)、胆结石(3.92%)、肥胖(3.58%)、肺气肿(1.46%)。结论:应采取各种科学的干预措施,提高中老年人生活质量,改善中老年人群健康状况,是今后社区卫生服务的重点。     

The changing geography of major causes of death among middle age white Americans, 1939-1981.

Urban areas, especially the Northeast, are assumed to have the highest death rates from chronic diseases in the United States. Based on analysis of age-adjusted death rates of the white population 35-64 from 1939-1941 through 1979-1981, it is shown that chronic disease rates in the urban Northeast and Midwest have declined compared to the rest of the United States. High rates of chronic as well as traumatic causes of death now characterize the South. Hypotheses are offered to explain these changes, including changes in lifestyle, differences in state government policies, the changing geography of industry and ethnic populations, and the spread of medical care.     

A DISPLACED POISSON PROCESS APPLIED TO SCREENING FOR BREAST CANCER EN STRATIFIED SAMPLES WITH FALSE NEGATIVES*

A displaced Poisson process model allowing for stratified populations and “false negatives” is presented for describing the progress of certain chronic diseases. This model, which builds on earlier work by the authors, allows for the simple estimation of various parameters and distributions of interest in screening. A Monte Carlo simulation study illustrating and partially verifying the model predictions is given.     

Use of a Markov decision process model for treatment selection in an asymptomatic disease with consideration of risk sensitivity

Some potentially dangerous diseases are completely asymptomatic. Their diagnosis as incidental findings of ever-more-sensitive medical imaging can leave patients and physicians in something of a quandary. The patient feels well, and potential interventions to stave off long-term deterioration or death bring with them immediate risks. We discuss the use of a Markov Decision Process (MDP) model (rather than Monte Carlo simulation of a Markov Model) to create a tool for analyzing individual treatment decisions for asymptomatic chronic diseases where a patient’s condition cannot improve. We formulate a finite-horizon MDP model to determine optimal treatment plans and discuss three distinct optimality criteria: (a) maximizing expected quality-adjusted-life years with and without discounting, (b) maximizing the expected number of life years in good health, and (c) maximizing the expected utility for number of years in good health. In (c) we assume exponential utility and consider different risk aversion factors reported in the medical literature. We illustrate the model’s use by considering asymptomatic intracranial aneurysm. Our model builds on a simulation model [19] created to examine treatment recommendations based on cost-effectiveness. We demonstrate that incorporating risk aversion leads to “no treatment” recommendations for some types of aneurysm. Furthermore, the use of alternate patient-selected criteria leads to recommendations that vary from [19] in several scenarios. We also discuss the use of the software as a decision support tool to help make individualized treatment recommendations and demonstrate that the computational performance of the algorithm makes its use feasible during a short office visit.     

老年住院手术病人疾病构成分析

目的:探讨老年住院手术病人的疾病构成特点。方法:对2004年²011年我院老年住院手术病人病案资料进行回顾性分析。结果:以60-岁组老年手术病人最多,男性病人多于女性病人,眼及附器疾病在系统疾病中占第一位,老年眼病手术病人居多,白内障是老年眼病的首要疾病,循环系统以心脑血管疾病为主,手术以血管造影为主,肿瘤和消化系统疾病患者比较多的原因,与地区居民生活习惯有关。结论:应加强眼及附器疾病、循环系统疾病、消化系统疾病、肿瘤、损伤、中毒和外因的某些其他后果、泌尿生殖系统疾病、肌肉骨骼系统和结缔组织疾病的防治,对老年手术患者术前术后关心照顾,提高老年人的生活质量。