基于BSC装备采办绩效评价体系的建立

在阐述平衡记分卡基本思想的基础上,探讨了将平衡记分卡引入到装备采办绩效评价的理论依据和实践依据,并根据装备采办体系的特殊性以及自身特点对评价指标进行调整,从采办成本、采办业绩、内部运营机制、供应商、采办发展创新五个方面进行分析并构建评价体系框架。     

企业绩效评价方法取向研究

在开展企业绩效评价时,应确定评价层次问题。不同层次有不同的评价对象,其评价尺度和指标就会有差异。本文通过中国传统的评价方法和目前世界上(主要是美国)流行的主要评价方法(EVA、BSC)进行了对比分析,试图提出以平衡记分卡为主体,以适合我国国情和有益于提高企业竞争力的企业绩效评价方法。     

基于平衡计分卡的企业战略准备度研究

由于部分关键绩效指标难以定量化和精确分类,战略准备度的成熟程度难以定量化等问题的存在,限制了平衡计分卡在企业战略准备度中的合理设计和有效实施。本文以因子分析法为分析工具,通过对案例的实证研究,对平衡计分卡应用过程中所存在的问题进行了探讨,以期为企业经营者运用平衡计分卡完成战略准备度的设计和执行工作提供参考。     

基于平衡计分卡的M公司绩效考核研究

平衡计分卡是一种以企业战略为基础,系统考虑企业业绩驱动因素,多维度平衡评价企业业绩的评价系统。文章介绍了M公司基于BSC开展绩效考核的成功做法。     

基于BSC的航运物流企业绩效灰色综合评价模型研究

采用改进的平衡记分卡(BSC)的方法,从企业的内外环境、财务与非财务指标相结合来设计航运物流企业绩效评价指标,最后通过改进灰色关联法进行算例验证,算例检验结果表明这种评价模型具有现实可行性。     

内部审计部门:成本中心抑或利润中心?

从代理理论来看,传统内部审计部门属于成本中心。而现代内部审计为增值型审计,现代内部审计部门是利润中心。内部审计部门创造的价值可以采用平衡计分卡进行业绩评价。内部审计的发展方向是以风险导向审计为主要内容的增值性审计。     

平衡计分卡实践调查:从业绩评价到战略管理工具

平衡计分卡全球使用率调查结果差异很大,其中原因之一在于实践者对平衡计分卡主要作用的定位——作为业绩评价工具还是战略管理工具——有所不同。借鉴国外同行的分类方法,结合中国企业的调查资料分析,我们将平衡计分卡的实践分为评价和战略工具两种类型。统计结果显示,平衡计分卡的实践效果与对其原理的全面理解和体现有关,采用比较完备的计分卡设计和作为战略管理工具使用,与较高的实践效果评价相联系。     

Asymmetric Taylor reaction functions of the ECB: An approach depending on the state of the economy

We introduce a new approach to estimate asymmetric Taylor reaction functions where asymmetries depend crucially on the state of the economy which is in the Taylor rule framework the combination of inflation and output deviations. Thus we categorize the sample into four subsamples which correspond to all possible combinations concerning inflation and output deviations. Moreover we introduce a quadratic term of inflation and the output gap in the estimation equation for each state in order to capture possible non-linearities within each state. The approach is tested using data for the ECB because the ECB has communicated an explicit inflation target.     

The graph of Lindahl correspondence as the unique von Neumann-Morgenstern abstract stable set

In this paper, we consider a continuum economy with a finite number of types of agent, and several private and public goods. The main result of the paper is that the graph of the equal-treatment Lindahl equilibria mapping is the unique abstract stable set with respect to the dominance relation in economies with crowding effects introduced by Vasil'ev et al. in 1995. The external stability of this mapping implies that, for any equal-treatment allocation x in , that is not a Lindahl equilibrium, there exists a subeconomy of such that one of its equal-treatment Lindahl allocations blocks x. This result is a counterpart of the theorem of Mas-Colell for Aumann's atomless market with private goods.     

Social Security and elderly labor supply: Evidence from the Health and Retirement Study

This study uses panel data from the Health and Retirement Study (HRS) to estimate the effects of Social Security income on elderly labor supply in the 1990s and early 2000s. The identification strategy takes advantage of the 1977 amendments to the Social Security Act, which led to a large, unanticipated reduction in Social Security benefits for those born after January 1, 1917. Despite the advanced age of the notch cohorts, there is a significant, negative and surprisingly elastic relationship between Social Security income and hours of work. This suggests that currently proposed reductions in benefits would induce Social Security recipients to work more hours in retirement, even through their 70s and early 80s.     

中小企业导入平衡计分卡实务研讨——以台湾家具业为例

平衡计分卡(BSC)通过设计出一套能使高级管理者快速且全面了解企业经营状况的指标体系,帮助企业改善经营管理决策,最终建立长远的战略竞争优势。然而目前占企业比重超过90%的中小企业却很少实行,这对于中小企业乃至全国企业的发展都非常不利。本研究针对家具业采用实务案例加以研讨,希望能对有意提升竞争力的中小企业作出些许贡献。     

住房公积金运营绩效审计评价指标体系研究

缺乏一套科学合理、权威公认的绩效评价指标体系,是当前制约公共资金绩效审计的理论瓶颈和实践难题。基于开展住房公积金绩效审计的实践,选择住房公积金作为研究对象,运用修正后的平衡记分卡基本原理,从居民满意、内部管理、持续发展和财务结果四个维度构建住房公积金运营绩效审计评价指标体系框架及17个具体指标,并用模拟数据说明如何运用该指标体系进行绩效评价,不仅对如何开展住房公积金绩效审计具有理论价值和实践意义,而且对开展其他公共资金绩效审计评价也能起到举一反三的借鉴作用。     

Emerging market mutual fund performance: Evidence for Poland

This paper provides evidence on the performance of mutual funds in a prominent emerging market; Poland. Studying an emerging market provides an excellent opportunity to test whether the consensus on the inability of mutual funds in developed and highly efficient markets to beat the market, also holds in less efficient markets. While the weaknesses of legal institutions and underdeveloped capital markets in emerging countries could negatively contribute to performance, a certain level of market inefficiency might also enable fund managers to successfully apply security selection and therefore beat the market. This paper presents an overview of the Polish mutual fund industry and investigates mutual fund performance using a survivorship bias controlled sample of 140 funds. The latter is done using the Carhart (1997) 4-factor asset-pricing model. In addition, we investigate whether Polish fund managers exhibit “hot hands”, persistence in performance. Finally the influence of fund characteristics on risk-adjusted performance is considered. Our overall results suggest that Polish mutual funds on average are not able to add value, as indicated by their negative net alphas. Interestingly, domestic funds outperform internationally investing funds, which points at informational advantages of local over foreign investors. Finally, we detect strong persistence in mean returns up to 1 year. It is striking that “winning” funds are able to significantly beat the market, based on their significantly positive alpha's. These results deviate from studies on developed markets that conclude that even past winners are not able to significantly beat the market.     

Restricted houseswapping games

Restricted houseswapping games (RHGs) are a generalization of ‘one-sided matching games’, in which we specify a class II* of ‘allowable’ simple trading cycles. The cores of such games may be empty. Given II*, all possible closed RHGs have non-empty cores of II* is ‘strongly balanced’. Examples include the one-sided matching markets (^{Shapley and Scarf. Journal of Mathematical Economics 1974. 1. 23–37}. ^{Tijs et al., OR Spektrum 1984, 6, 119–123}; ^{Quinzii, International Journal of Game Theory 1984, 13, 41–60}) and the two-sided matching markets (^{Gale and Shapley. American Mathematical Monthly 1962. 69, 9–16}; ^{Shapley and Shubik, International Journal of Game Theory 1972, 1, 111–130}: and ^{Demange and Gale Econometrica 1985, 53, 873–888}).We then consider the subclass of RHGs in which there is no transferable resource. In this case, a weaker condition on II*, called ‘weak balancedness’, is sufficient to guarantee core non-emptiness. In addition, if II* is not weakly balanced, then there exists a preference profile such that the strict core of the resultant game is empty.Several other examples are given of II* that are (a) strongly balanced: (b) weakly balanced but not strongly balanced: and (c) not even weakly balanced.Finally, we discuss the issues of equilibrium definition, existence, and core-equilibrium allocation equivalence in RHGs.     

Dynamic modeling of regional house price diffusion in Taiwan

This paper examines the lead-lag relationships and the dynamic linkages among four regional house price indices in Taiwan. We employ the Johansen cointegration technique, Toda and Yamamoto’s Granger causality test, the generalized impulse response approach, and variance decomposition analysis to find out the extent and the magnitude of their relationships. The estimated long-run relationship between regional house prices appears to have remained stable throughout the sample period. Our empirical results show a bidirectional relationship between house prices in the most important economic center, Taipei City, and its suburban area, Taipei County. However, there are no causalities of house prices between Taipei City and other megacities in Taiwan. The mutual impacts of the shocks between house prices in Taipei City and Taipei County are significantly positive, while these impacts on Kaohsiung City, far from Taipei City, are insignificant. Finally, the results of the generalized impulse response approach indicate that the house prices indices of Taipei City are the most exogenous while those for Taipei County are the most endogenous.     

Curbing cream-skimming: Evidence on enrolment incentives

Using data from a large, U.S. federal job training program, we investigate whether enrolment incentives that exogenously vary the ‘shadow prices’ for serving different demographic subgroups of clients influence case workers' intake decisions. We show that case workers enroll more clients from subgroups whose shadow prices increase but select at the margin weaker-performing members from those subgroups. We conclude that enrolment incentives curb cream-skimming across subgroups leaving a residual potential for cream-skimming within a subgroup.     

Boards’ Response to Shareholders’ Dissatisfaction: The Case of Shareholders’ Say on Pay in the UK

Abstract

In 2002, the UK adopted a regulation allowing shareholders to cast non-binding (advisory) votes on their firm's Directors' Remuneration Report during annual general meetings (the ‘Say-on-Pay’ rule). This study evaluates a decade of this regulation and examines how it affected the behavior of shareholders and boards in a sample of Financial Times Stock Exchange 350 firms during the period 2002–2012. I find evidence that shareholder dissatisfaction increases with excess Chief Executive Officer (CEO) compensation. This relationship does not exist for the expected level of compensation, suggesting that shareholders take a sophisticated approach when casting their vote. Boards do not appear to respond to shareholder dissatisfaction systematically; however, they do respond selectively by reducing the excessiveness of CEO compensation when performance is poor. Boards also seem to respond swiftly to shareholder dissatisfaction. There is evidence that the probability of CEO turnover increases with shareholder dissatisfaction. Overall, the evidence suggests that ‘Say-on-Pay’ regulation addressed regulatory concerns about transparency, accountability, and performance linkage.     

Measuring productivity growth, technical progress, and efficiency changes of CPA firms prior to, and following the Sarbanes–Oxley Act

This paper investigates productivity growth, technical progress, and efficiency change for a group of the 56 largest CPA firms in the US from the period 1996–1999 through the period 2003–2006, where the former preceded, and the latter followed, enactment of the Sarbanes–Oxley Act (SOX). Data envelopment analysis (DEA) is used to calculate Malmquist indices of three measures of interest: productivity growth, technical progress, and efficiency change. Results indicate that CPA firms, on average, experienced a productivity growth of approx. 17% from the pre- to post-SOX period. Consistent with the finding of Banker et al. [Banker RD, Chang H, Natarajan R. Productivity change, technical progress and relative efficiency change in the public accounting industry. Management Science 2005;51:291–304], this productivity gain can be attributed primarily to technical progress rather than a change in relative efficiency. In addition, results indicate that the “Big 4” firms underperformed their non-Big 4 counterparts in both productivity growth and technical progress.     

P-star in times of crisis – Forecasting inflation for the euro area

In this paper we present three empirically testable versions of the common p-star model and evaluate their forecasting performance using conventional techniques. We try to answer the question if the p-star approach is preferable to achieve a reliable short-run inflation forecast and with regard to the latter we incur the need for a stable demand for money function. Our findings indicate the recurrence of the relevance of the monetary pillar of the ECB's two-pillar framework. In addition, we check for the effects of the current financial and economic crisis that started in 2007 on the forecasting performance, using two sub-sample periods, one excluding and one including the latter, and analyze the impact of the applied filter technique to compute the required equilibrium values.     

A sufficiency result for constrained economies

This paper presents a general sufficiency result for constrained economies. The result shows that, when an equilibrium allocation satisfies the first order necessary conditions for hybrid efficiency (a new type of constrained efficiency), there exists a marginal cost pricing equilibrium in an associated economy. If this equilibrium is Pareto efficient in the associated economy, then the original equilibrium allocation is hybrid efficient. Hence. the necessary conditions are also sufficient.