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1.
Cheon‐Sig Lee Shu‐Ching Su Katrina Mondragon Veronica I. Salinas Monique L. Zamora Stephen Andrew Sedory Sarjinder Singh 《Statistica Neerlandica》2016,70(2):80-99
In this paper, a new randomized response model is proposed, which is shown to have a Cramer–Rao lower bound of variance that is lower than the Cramer–Rao lower bound of variance suggested by Singh and Sedory at equal protection or greater protection of respondents. A new measure of protection of respondents in the setup of the efficient use of two decks of cards, because of Odumade and Singh, is also suggested. The developed Cramer–Rao lower bounds of variances are compared under different situations through exact numerical illustrations. Survey data to estimate the proportion of students who have sometimes driven a vehicle after drinking alcohol and feeling over the legal limit are collected by using the proposed randomization device and then analyzed. The proposed randomized response technique is also compared with a black box technique within the same survey. A method to determine minimum sample size in randomized response sampling based on a small pilot survey is also given. 相似文献
2.
Christopher Aguirre-Hamilton;Stephen A. Sedory;Sarjinder Singh; 《Statistica Neerlandica》2024,78(2):302-309
We propose two types of estimators that are analogous to Franklin's model. One estimator is derived by concentrating on the row averages of the responses, and another is obtained by concentrating on the column averages of the observed responses. In the latter case we have two responses per respondent from a bi-variate normal distribution. The proposed estimator based on row averages, by making use of negatively correlated random numbers from a multivariate density, is always more efficient than the corresponding Franklin's estimator. In the case of the proposed estimator based on column averages, we found that the use of positively correlated random numbers from a bivariate density can lead to the most efficient estimator. We also discuss results which are observed by making use of three responses per respondent. When the three responses are recorded, three independent normal densities are derived from three correlated variables. The findings are supported based on analytical, numerical, and simulation studies. A simulation study was done to determine the minimum sample size required to produce nonnegative estimates of the population proportion of a sensitive characteristic, and to investigate the 95% nominal coverage by the interval estimates. Ultimately at the end, one best estimator is suggested. A very neat and clean derivations of theoretical results and discussion of numerical and simulation studies are documented in Data S1. 相似文献
3.
This article is concerned with the inference on seemingly unrelated non‐parametric regression models with serially correlated errors. Based on an initial estimator of the mean functions, we first construct an efficient estimator of the autoregressive parameters of the errors. Then, by applying an undersmoothing technique, and taking both of the contemporaneous correlation among equations and serial correlation into account, we propose an efficient two‐stage local polynomial estimation for the unknown mean functions. It is shown that the resulting estimator has the same bias as those estimators which neglect the contemporaneous and/or serial correlation and smaller asymptotic variance. The asymptotic normality of the resulting estimator is also established. In addition, we develop a wild block bootstrap test for the goodness‐of‐fit of models. The finite sample performance of our procedures is investigated in a simulation study whose results come out very supportive, and a real data set is analysed to illustrate the usefulness of our procedures. 相似文献
4.
Without accounting for sensitive items in sample surveys, sampled units may not respond (nonignorable nonresponse) or they respond untruthfully. There are several survey designs that address this problem and we will review some of them. In our study, we have binary data from clusters within small areas, obtained from a version of the unrelated‐question design, and the sensitive proportion is of interest for each area. A hierarchical Bayesian model is used to capture the variation in the observed binomial counts from the clusters within the small areas and to estimate the sensitive proportions for all areas. Both our example on college cheating and a simulation study show significant reductions in the posterior standard deviations of the sensitive proportions under the small‐area model as compared with an analogous individual‐area model. The simulation study also demonstrates that the estimates under the small‐area model are closer to the truth than for the corresponding estimates under the individual‐area model. Finally, for small areas, we discuss many extensions to accommodate covariates, finite population sampling, multiple sensitive items and optional designs. 相似文献
5.
In auditing practice it often occurs that a statement regarding the accounting error in a population consisting of several subpopulations has to be made. As the relative proportion of errors can differ dramatically across these subpopulations, it is desirable to take independent fixed-size dollar-unit samples from each of them, as this often leads to lower variability compared with dollar-unit sampling from the whole population. It also occurs that the results of the separate investigations of, e.g. different branches of one company need to be combined to make a statement on the bookkeeping quality in general.
The problem of estimating the total accounting error is thus related to the problem of estimating linear combinations of the mean values corresponding to several families of identically distributed independent random variables.
In this article, we propose several confidence upper bounds for such linear combinations based on Hoeffding-type inequalities and show how they can be applied to the actual auditing problems. Simulation results comparing these modifications to the Hoeffding-based bounds for the one-sample case are also provided. It must be emphasized that the technique that we propose in this paper is fully justified from a mathematical point of view.
Although the simulations show the proposed bounds to be highly conservative, they still present great interest, since we are not aware of any other method for estimation of the total accounting error in the multisample setting. Moreover, it is shown that significant improvements are hardly possible given the present conditions. 相似文献
The problem of estimating the total accounting error is thus related to the problem of estimating linear combinations of the mean values corresponding to several families of identically distributed independent random variables.
In this article, we propose several confidence upper bounds for such linear combinations based on Hoeffding-type inequalities and show how they can be applied to the actual auditing problems. Simulation results comparing these modifications to the Hoeffding-based bounds for the one-sample case are also provided. It must be emphasized that the technique that we propose in this paper is fully justified from a mathematical point of view.
Although the simulations show the proposed bounds to be highly conservative, they still present great interest, since we are not aware of any other method for estimation of the total accounting error in the multisample setting. Moreover, it is shown that significant improvements are hardly possible given the present conditions. 相似文献
6.
本文从政治功能视角分析中国政府对美国制造型跨国公司与跨国传媒集团两类跨国公司进入中国市场截然不同态度 ,和两类跨国公司相对应而采取的进入中国市场的不同方式和阶段。 相似文献
7.
本文从政治功能视角分析中国政府对美国制造型跨国公司与跨国传媒集团两类跨国公司进入中国市场截然不同态度,和两类跨国公司相对应而采取的进入中国市场的不同方式和阶段。 相似文献
8.
通过计算机技术对人员定位系统和指纹验证系统进行联网合并,利用指纹验证系统做到人卡合一,核实下井人员真实身份,最大限度的减少不经培训人员或弄虚作假的人员违规下井,确保矿井安全生产。 相似文献
9.
断流弥合水锤对于长距离的大型输水管道来说危害极大,水锤升压是普通水锤的数十倍。目前主要通过水力计算模型来预测管道压力情况,主要存在两种模型,其区别在于是否反应出断流现象及计算出断流后的压力。通过理论结合实践得出结论,考虑断流弥合水锤的计算模型更反映出实际情况。 相似文献
10.
B. Engel 《Statistica Neerlandica》1990,44(4):195-219
Statistical inference for fixed effects, random effects and components of variance in an unbalanced linear model with variance components will be discussed. Variance components will be estimated by Restricted Maximum Likelihood. Iterative procedures for computing the estimates, such as Fisher scoring and the EM-algorithm, are described. 相似文献
11.
随着城市物流需求向着小批量，多品种和时效性方向发展，储存作业中货物流动频率、货物品种和数量迅速增加，同时,用户对货物到达及服务质量也更加严格，这大大增加了货物在仓储中心存取的复杂性。论文采用分支定界法对旋转货架的存取路径优化，有效解决了旋转货架在面对多品种多储位存取时的存取路径优化问题，可大大提高存取效率，节约劳动力和存取时间。 相似文献
12.
Tim Congdon 《Economic Affairs》2021,41(1):21-37
Many authorities claim that central banks ‘have run out of ammunition’, either because the central bank rate has dropped close to the zero lower bound or because of Keynes's liquidity trap. I argue first, that indefinitely large increases in the quantity of money remain possible even with the central bank rate close to zero, and, second, that increases in the quantity of money raise all asset prices, including the prices of quoted equities, not just bond prices. Bonds are an unimportant asset class in modern capitalist economies, relative to corporate equity and real estate. Meanwhile increases in equity prices always boost aggregate demand and output. 相似文献
13.
随着我国改革的不断深入,市场经济的持续发展,国际经济已进入后危机时代,我国国有资产管理中存在的问题逐渐显现,诸如,管理不规范,使用效益不高,利用率偏低。为此,根据党的十六大、十七大精神,加强和规范国有资产监管工作,完善企业国有资产管理体制和制度,实现国有资产保值增值,是当前经济管理工作的迫切需要。 相似文献
14.
非经营性国有资产——行政事业单位国有资产管理探讨 总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2
党的十六大和十六届三中全会提出了深化国有资产管理体制改革的重大任务。但事业单位国有资产管理改革一直处于被动跟进状态,至今没有一个改革总体目标和规划方案。其占用的国有资产主要是非经营性国有资产,这部分资产不是以盈利为目的,但却是促进社会发展进步必须的物质基础,对加强国家政权建设,促进社会主义各项事业发展具有重要意义。 相似文献
15.
文章介绍发电企业面临的市场环境及中国大唐集团公司开展＂双增双节,盈利攻坚＂活动的积极意义,分析发电企业的产业趋势,阐述发电企业以经济效益为中心,实施成本领先战略的重要性及实施要点。 相似文献
16.
本文利用1998年开始实施的双控区政策解决模型识别问题,进而探讨环境规制能否促进防治大气污染技术创新。在双控区和非双控区城市防治大气污染技术创新的对比上,双重差分模型估计结果显示：双控区政策能够促进防治大气污染技术创新。在稳健性检验中,本文主要检验双控区和非双控区城市在1998年之前防治大气污染技术创新的趋势是否相同,并进行重复抽样实验,结果显示：模型并不存在内生性,估计结果是无偏的。在机制分析中,本文认为,在企业、科研院所和个人三类创新主体中,双控区政策主要激励企业的防治大气污染技术创新活动;同时,双控区政策为脱硫设施和脱硫技术带来了巨大需求,引起大量从事脱硫业务的环保企业成立,进而促进防治大气污染技术创新。最后,根据实证结果,本文提出若干政策建议。 相似文献
17.
本文通过分析风险的本质涵义,提出了定量分析金融风险的路径;通过回顾对于金融风险定量研究的一些模型和方法,详细介绍了VaR模型及其估计技术,指出了风险定量技术的广阔应用前景。 相似文献
18.
南宁市城市建设投资发展总公司（简称＂南宁城投＂）作为广西南宁市政府重要的投融资平台,在南宁市城建项目筹融资方面已取得了突出成绩。但是从公司的中长期发展角度考虑,依靠银行贷款为主的传统融资方式已不能满足企业发展的需要。因此,利用当前国家政策对企业发行债券大力支持的机遇,＂南宁城投＂应进行融资方式的新尝试。 相似文献
19.
德安县共安大桥转体重量14510t、转动体长123m,是目前已转体的跨度最大、重量最重的公路预应力混凝土连续梁。其设计采用先挂蓝悬臂浇筑连续梁、然后平转,最后合龙成桥的施工方法。由于并置于同一墩柱上大吨位、大跨度双幅曲线连续梁桥先悬灌、后转体的施工技术尚无成熟经验可借鉴。本文结合江西省德安县共安大桥主桥的施工实例,针对连续梁悬臂浇注施工再转体的特点对上下转盘临时锁定技术进行了研究和总结,将对以后同类的桥梁建设提供一种思路。 相似文献
20.
结合公路路面基层施工要求,对两层连铺基层摊铺工艺的优缺点及关键工序进行了分析,明确了各工序施工参数,为两层连铺工艺在公路路面基层施工中的大规模推广应用奠定基础。 相似文献