中小企业标准暂行规定

近日，国家经贸委、国家计委、财政部、国家统计局联合发布了《中小企业标准暂行规定》(以下简称《规定》)，该《规定》的出台，增强了《中小企业促进法》的可操作性，为今后更好地贯彻实施《中小企业促进法》，为各级政府、中小企业服务机构明确扶持和服务对象，为进一步制定和落实中小企业的各项优惠政策。     

天后归来

娱乐圈里,过惯光环生活的又能甘心平淡的明星们可谓凤毛麟角,以下几位＂隐后＂复出即是例证。除了各种理由四处吸金,天后们投资理财也各有路数。     

用人诀窍

不少中小企业管理者认为"自己的亲人最可靠","打虎还是亲兄弟,上阵还是父子兵".这种思想就使不少家族式企业应运而生.可是在发展到一定程度后,家族企业也会在内部产生这样那样的问题,进而危及企业的生存或阻碍企业的健康发展.     

AN INTERPRETATION OF THE SIGNIFICANCE OF THE SECOND BATTLE OF WATERLOO

Good governance is a pre-condition for economic development. Good governance, in turn, requires peace. The second Battle of Waterloo, in Sierra Leone, showed what the West can do in this regard. A small military intervention, not hemmed in by the typical restrictions on what 'peacekeepers' can do, made a huge difference to the development prospects of the country. This has important implications for the use of external military forces as part of the overall strategy for poverty reduction in Africa.     

中小企业物流的战略思考

中小企业一向是市场的灵活的反应者,几乎在大企业实施物流战略的同时,也对物流的战略积极的反应,也同样采用物流战略来提高自身的竞争力.经济贸易的高速发展,促使物流服务逐渐成为了中国企业中最为经济合理的综合服务模式,特别是随着信息技术的强势介入,物流业已经显示出其强劲的动力和蕴藏的无限商机,我国的中小企业如果不趁现在物流市场竞争还不算很激烈的时候介入物流领域,再过几年,我国的中小企业就根本不再拥有发展物流的点滴优势.     

输送带撕裂的预防措施

本文针对当前长距离带式输送机在使用中最常见的输送带纵向撕裂事故 ,分析了国内外预防输送带撕裂的经验 ,提出了有关预防方法和检测装置。实践表明 ,采取这些措施后 ,撕带事故明显降低     

SURVEYING THE ECONOMICS OF PLURAL MODES OF ORGANIZATION

Why do firms concomitantly rely on more than one organizational arrangement to procure/distribute a given input/product? In this paper, we systematically review and discuss the extensive path undergone by the literature exploring this issue: the so‐called plural forms. We address two main questions: how to explain the coexistence (and often the prevalence) of plural forms in many types of businesses? Are plural forms stable or a transitory phenomenon? We describe the most prominent motivations identified in the economics and management literature that drive firms to adopt plural forms and show that their vast majority are related to the mitigation of various types of agency/transaction costs. We also demonstrate that most of the available pieces of empirical evidence suggest the stability of plural forms over time. We conclude by demonstrating the path that has been trailed by the most recent developments.     

THE INTERSUBJECTIVITY OF ISSUES AND ISSUES OF INTERSUBJECTIVITY

This paper describes research concerned with assisting groups in organizations handle their complex, ill-structured policy issues in ways which we believe are significantly different from many typical policy analysis projects. It is our belief that many systems research, operational research and management science projects have concentrated on 'objective', usually quantitative data at the expense of losing their clients' interest and commitment. Our work is concerned with taking account of intersubjectivity in policy analysis and evaluation. It is orientated to the construction of models that will be owned by our clients because they recognize as legitimate, and explicitly take account of, the subjective and particular knowledge of individuals within organizations. They also explicitly take account of the interaction of shared and individual knowledge as a group comes to define an intersubjective group issue.     

AN ETHICAL ASSESSMENT OF THE USE OF ECONOMIC SANCTIONS AS A TOOL OF FOREIGN POLICY

This paper is the third in a series of articles that examines the shortcomings of economic sanctions. Drawing on Mill's utilitarianism, Kant's categorical imperative and Rawls's theory of justice, the conceptual frameworks of consequentialism, deontology and contractualism are used to demonstrate the unethical nature of this increasingly popular instrument of foreign policy.     

A SURVEY OF THE ECONOMICS OF FAIR TRADE

Fair Trade has spread in developing countries as an initiative aimed at lifting poor smallholder farmers out of poverty by providing them with premium prices, availability of credit, and improved community development and social goods. Fair Trade is also viewed as a niche market for high value products in a context of globalization and trade liberalization policies that affect smallholder farmers in developing countries. This paper provides an overview of the potential effects of Fair Trade, both theoretical and empirical, on small‐scale producers in developing countries. Our review discusses the empirical evidence on prices and income, as well as the importance of limited market access and productivity. We discuss evidence on labor markets and human capital investments as well.     

A SURVEY OF THE EVOLUTION OF QUEUEING THEORY

The evolution of queueing theory is sketched from its origin in Teletraffic, via its growth to maturity as a mathematical discipline in Operations Research, to its present position as an indispensable tool in the performance analysis of complex computer—and communication networks. The Dutch postwar contributions to this evolution receive some special attention, on the occasion of the celebration of the Dutch Society for Statistics and 'Operations Research' fourth decennium.     

SWITZERLAND: GROWTH OF GOVERNMENT, GROWTH OF CENTRALISATION

Switzerland has a tradition of decentralised government, decentralised tax setting and direct reference to the voters through referendums. Such mechanisms should give rise to lower taxes, better provision of public goods and higher economic growth. However, these mechanisms have not been effective in the last 30 years at preventing the growth in government spending and centralisation. This is partly because of the consensus in favour of centralisation that exists among institutionalised politicians. The performance of the Swiss economy since 1970 has consequently been dismal. Real per capita post-tax incomes have been stagnant. There is now an opportunity for the growth of centralisation to be reversed.