共查询到19条相似文献,搜索用时 140 毫秒
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在有限期内考虑货币时间价值的情况下,研究了需求依赖于库存、且供应商与零售商之间、零售商与顾客之间存在两级信用期的易变质产品的库存策略,并建立了相应的库存模型,证明模型存在最优解,并给出了该模型的数值算例. 相似文献
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时间和价格影响需求的变质物品促销研究 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
质物品的销售策略是商家制定销售计划的重点。价格折扣是目前商家最为常用的策略。但大都是供应商面对零售商的价格折扣。文章结合实际情况,研究了在需求和价格随时间同时变化条件下,零售商面对顾客时如何制定变质物品的临时价格折扣策略.并发现临时价格折扣会影响物品的销售速度。通过建立模型及对模型求解。得出使零售商利润最大时的最优折扣价格和实施临时价格折扣的最佳时刻,实例分析表明零售商采用最优的临时价格折扣策略后利润会有明显的增大。 相似文献
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在由资金受限的生产商、零售商和消费者组成的三级供应链中,通过讨论供应商是否进行银行贷款融资,构建了允许延迟交货和缺货下的两级信用期库存成本模型。根据生产商的生产时间、零售商的订货周期和信用期之间的对比,构建了三种不同情形下的供应链总成本模型。然后,以命题的形式对供应商在不同情形下银行融资的必要条件进行了求解。最后,通过相关参数的灵敏度分析得到:资金受限的供应商进行银行融资时能降低供应链成本;生产商采用精益生产可以明显降低供应链成本;在生产商延迟交货的情况下,零售商会选择小批量、多批次的订货策略。 相似文献
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王爽 《财会研究(甘肃)》2004,(11):9-10
政府采购作为运行于市场经济基础上的一种政府经济行为,也是政府行为受市场经济影响最直接和最主要的方面。市场经济的基本特征是信用经济,而我国当前市场经济的信用建设却存在着严重的信用供给不足。政府采购过程中的信用缺失主要来自外部的供应商。供应商信用行为的不确定性和可变性造成未来采购结果与预期目标发生的负偏离程度和可能性,即政府采购的信用缺失。这种信用缺失,提高了政府采购的交易成本,降低了财政资金的使用效益,直接或间接地影响到预算管理的成效。 相似文献
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《企业经济》2013,(8):89-92
在一个供应商和Rn个零售商组成的直运型供应链系统中,供应商占主导地位,完全掌握零售商的订货成本与库存成本等相关信息,零售商服从供应商所作出的决策。当供应商向零售商公布共同补给期时并给予一定的价格折扣数额后,零售商才能决定自己最优订货策略。零售商是否接受该订货策略是一个库存订货策略博弈问题。本文通过建立零售商每年订货所花费的平均总成本函数方程与供应商每年处理订货和运输货物的平均总成本函数方程,对博弈不同竞争策略下的供应商与零售商平均总成本函数优化模型求解,仿真数值验算得出了供应商与零售商采取非零和竞争策略时供应商与零售商总成本最低,整个供应链平均总成本最优的结论。 相似文献
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在考虑信用期的情况下,研究了生产率为常数、需求率随价格变化情形下的变质性物品生产库存模型,通过考虑生产商、销售商双方的联合总收益,得到了一体化生产库存模型并给出了求解最优生产库存策略的算法和算例。 相似文献
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《管理科学学报(英文)》2021,6(2):165-176
Market demand is becoming increasingly time-sensitive in competitive environments. Hence, supply disruptions will have a more serious impact on the profits of supply chains. This study applies a Stackelberg competition between a single supplier and a single manufacturer in a time-sensitive supply chain in a cloud manufacturing environment. We aim to address the supplier’s production capacity recovery issues and the manufacturer’s incentive decision issues after supply disruption. We find that the supplier is in a weak position when the information is symmetrical. The manufacturer can encourage the supplier to shorten the recovery time by raising the unit wholesale price. When the supplier’s unit production cost remains unchanged but the unit wholesale price increases, the profit of the supplier first increases and then decreases. In addition, under the centralized decision-making setting, the optimal recovery time of the supplier is shorter and the optimal unit market price of the product is lower than that under decentralized decision-making. We further find that resource sharing can shorten the optimal recovery time, but it does not necessarily play an incentivizing role. 相似文献
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Lock-in situations in supply chains: A social exchange theoretic study of sourcing arrangements in buyer–supplier relationships 总被引:1,自引:1,他引:0
Ram Narasimhan Anand Nair David A. Griffith Jan Stentoft Arlbjrn Elliot Bendoly 《Journal of Operations Management》2009,27(5):374-389
Social exchange theory is used to gain a better understanding of the relationship between a buyer and a supplier that is characterized by lock-in situations. We begin by reviewing the theoretical foundations of social exchange theory. Next, we use an illustrative multinational business example from a Danish Business Group to demonstrate the complexities of the lock-in situation. Conjectures related to lock-in behaviors are initially developed and then examined by means of a game-theoretic model. The analysis provides a basis for the development of propositions which are examined employing a behavioral experiment. The results indicate that the optimal pricing strategy of the supplier is to lower the price with increasing demand and the optimal investment intensity of the buyer decreases with increasing demand. The paper concludes by presenting directions for future research. 相似文献
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具缺货期不同决策支配权的两级供应链合作机制研究 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
从考虑市场需求固定且卖方和买方对缺货期的不同决策支配权情况,研究了两级供应链的合作机制,建立了其不完全信息的动态博弈模型,并得出其精炼贝叶斯纳什均衡,从理论上证明了卖方和买方分别占支配地位和从属地位时买方卖方应相互合作。 相似文献
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《Journal of Purchasing & Supply Management》2009,15(2):103-113
In the past, supplier satisfaction has not been a major topic of interest within purchasing and industrial management from either a practitioner or an academic point of view. Yet, successfully managing buyer–supplier relationships is difficult without taking the supplier's satisfaction into account. Consequently, analysing supplier satisfaction should take into account interaction processes within buyer–supplier relationships (e.g., exchange of information) as well as the atmosphere within these relationships (e.g., power dependence). This paper aims to explore the construct of supplier satisfaction as a factor of buyer–supplier relationship quality. Supplier satisfaction is defined as a supplier's feeling of fairness with regard to buyer's incentives and supplier's contributions within an industrial buyer–seller relationship. Supplier satisfaction as a complex construct is operationalised through an index, and its determinants are measured using a survey. 相似文献
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在业务外包中,购买商和供应商有短期交易和长期合作,本文利用博弈论中的重复博弈理论,建立了博弈模型,并且在不同条件下讨论了购买商和供应商基于产品质量的有限次与无限次重复博弈.讨论结果表明:长期关系会使应商提供的产品质量更高. 相似文献
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将信息不对称情况下企业赊欠账款的决策过程视为一个时间离散但状态连续的随机决策过程,在对企业获得的预期收益以及市场消失的概率进行充分考虑的基础上,提出了对企业赊账收益的估计、预测以及决策的最优停止模型,给出了决策规则,最后通过实例验证了模型的有效性。 相似文献
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《管理科学学报(英文)》2023,8(4):413-429
Under the combined effects of inventory-level-dependent demand (ILDD) and trade credit, the retailer is able to order more quantities to stimulate market demand. However, from the supplier's perspective, two important issues are lacking sufficient attention. First, during the credit period, the retailer's higher order quantities imply increases in both the retailer's account payable and the supplier's opportunity cost of capital. Second, given the supplier's fixed production rate, the increased market demand may drive the capacity utilization to be variable. Thus, by formulating a supplier-dominated system, this paper incorporates trade credit limit (TCL) to address its effects on optimal policies vis-à-vis the item with ILDD. Specifically, three indicators can be proposed to reveal which type of financing policy the retailer should choose. Moreover, based on TCL, the supplier can effectively manage the retailer's order quantity and the corresponding account payable. Additionally, the retailer's maximum allowable order quantity is developed to ensure that the supplier can supply the retailer's order quantity on time. Furthermore, when the effects of ILDD become more significant, the manufacturer will reduce the maximum allowable order quantity to control the retailer's order incentive. 相似文献
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We address a general equilibrium model with collateralized debt, credit contractions, and financial market segmentation. Restrictions on credit access make borrower’s optimal payment strategies–coupon payment, prepayment, and default–sensitive to idiosyncratic factors, even though the only payment enforcement is the seizure of collateral guarantees. We prove equilibrium existence, characterize optimal borrower’s payment strategies, and provide a numerical example illustrating our main results. A remarkable feature of our model is that it rationalizes the prevalence of negative equity non-recourse loans. 相似文献