企业内部控制质量影响权益资本成本的路径分析

文章提出财务报告信息质量是内部控制影响权益资本成本的中间路径,并以2010—2012年度全部中小板上市公司为样本,采用基于自举的中介效应检验程序对内部控制质量与权益资本成本的直接影响路径关系进行了检验。结果表明,财务报告信息质量尤其是应计质量是内部控制质量与权益资本成本间关系的中介变量。该研究弥补了现有文献中对内部控制、财务报告信息质量以及权益资本成本三者之间进行割裂研究的不足,同时对于进一步厘清我国内部控制制度实施的经济后果具有一定的现实意义。     

中期财务报告披露研究述评

随着经济的迅速发展,年度财务报告的披露不再能满足信息使用者对公司信息的需求,这时就需要中期财务报告对年度报告进行补充。但是中期财务报告是否具有信息含量?它的披露频率的变化会不会影响会计盈余的信息含量?对成本、年度报告以及信息使用者又带来什么样的影响?文章通过对中期财务报告披露相关内容的阐述,从客观上对中国资本市场中期财务信息披露提供理论支持,从而发现中期财务报告披露的重要性,并且对政策制定者提出相关的建议。     

信息风险、盈余质量对资本成本的影响分析

资本成本是公司进行各种决策的基础,公司管理者、投资者和准则制定者都非常关心资本成本影响因素。本文认为,公司提供的会计信息质量可以影响其自身的信息风险,从而影响其资本成本,并通过实证检验证实了盈余质量与公司的资本成本负相关。     

信息风险、盈余质量对资本成本的影响分析

资本成本是公司进行各种决策的基础，公司管理者、投资者和准则制定者都非常关心资本成本影响因素。本文认为，公司提供的会计信息质量可以影响其自身的信息风险，从而影响其资本成本，并通过实证检验证实了盈余质量与公司的资本成本负相关。     

把握全球会计实践 积极推动国际协调

会计准则国际化是资本市场国际化的产物。目前,跨国上市和发行债券等国际性筹资活动日益增多,资本市场国际化的程度正在不断提高。在国际资本流动的过程中,不仅资本的供需双方需要了解彼此的财务状况,满足各自需求,而且国际证券监管机构为实施有效监管,也要按照国际标准,严格审核跨国筹资公司的财务报告。这就要求在国际资本市场融资的公司按照国际通行的会计准则编制财务报表,而无须对原有财务报告进行重编或调整。这样,对于减少跨国发行证券和股票上市的成本、提高证券市场效率以及跨国财务信息的透明度和可比性无疑具有重大意义。     

我国会计准则国际趋同与等效评述

随着国际资本市场的日益发展和经济全球化进程的加快,越来越多的国家对采纳国际会计准则采取积极的态度,世界各国应用国际财务报告准则的范围不断扩大。目前已有100多个国家或地区直接采用国际财务报告准则,或趋同,或等效,这标志着全球资本市场采用统一会计语言的前景进一步明朗化。我国经过多年不懈的努力,会计准则国际趋同等效工作取得了突破性进展,这对中国企业"走出去"参与国际竞争、促进经济可持续发展具有重要的现实意义。     

上市公司权益资本成本影响因素研究——基于我国上市公司2011年数据的实证检验

本文选取沪深两市A股上市公司2011年352组数据作为样本,分析了上市公司权益资本成本的影响因素。研究发现,流动性、公司成长性和公司治理这对权益资本成本的影响不显著,而β系数、账面市值比和信息不对称性对权益资本成本的影响显著,且都与其呈正相关性。盈余波动性与权益资本成本负相关,行业因素、公司规模、财务杠杆及管理层盈余预告的准确性与权益资本成本正相关。     

我国会计准则国际趋同与等效评述

随着国际资本市场的日益发展和经济全球化进程的加快,越来越多的国家对采纳国际会计准则采取积极的态度,世界各国应用国际财务报告准则的范围不断扩大.目前已有100多个国家或地区直接采用国际财务报告准则,或趋同,或等效,这标志着全球资本市场采用统一会计语言的前景进一步明朗化.我国经过多年不懈的努力,会计准则国际趋同等效工作取得了突破性进展,这对中国企业"走出去"参与国际竞争、促进经济可持续发展具有重要的现实意义.     

金融发展水平、公司治理质量与股权资本成本

文章以2007-2018年我国A股上市公司为研究样本,实证检验了公司治理质量对股权资本成本的影响,并进一步检验了金融发展水平对公司治理治理对股权资本成本的调节作用.结果表明:公司治理质量都显著影响股权资本成本;公司治理质量越好,企业股权资本成本越低;在金融发展水平不同的地区,公司治理质量对上市公司股权资本成本的影响是否存在显著差异;具体来说,在金融发展水平高的地区,公司治理质量对企业股权资本成本没有显著影响;而在金融发展水平低的地区,公司治理质量显著影响上市公司股权资本成本;公司治理质量越高,企业股权资本成本越低.     

企业绩效影响因素分析——以深市上市公司2011年数据为例

本文从深市上市公司2011年财务报告中随机选取了73个样本,研究了行．业状况、资本结构、公司治理结构、智力资本、管理层诚信、企业社会责任、企业规模等因素对企业绩效的影响。研究发现：深市上市企业的绩效与独董智力资本、高管智力资本以及企业规模均存在显著的关系,但影响各异。     

Adoption of cleaner technology for climate proactivity: a technology–firm–stakeholder framework

The adoption of cleaner technology (CT) has the potential to play an important role in tackling the impacts of business on climate change on business. It is therefore important to understand the factors motivating the adoption of CT in business. Using a technology–firm–stakeholder framework, this study proposes a perception‐based model for the adoption of CT for climate proactivity that is tested against data collected from 106 firms in India. Six factors are tested using a logistic regression and five are found to be significant in distinguishing adopter firms from non‐adopter firms. The results suggest that the perception‐based model using a technology–firm–stakeholder framework is a useful approach for examining factors affecting the adoption decision. While techno‐economic benefits are perceived to be higher by adopter firms than by non‐adopter firms, other benefits are not perceived differently by either adopter or non‐adopter firms. In addition, adopter firms perceive lower financial costs and higher technical capability than non‐adopter firms do. Also, adopter firms perceive higher regulatory pressure but lower stakeholder pressure than non‐adopter firms do. Implications of the findings and future research areas are discussed. Copyright © 2010 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd and ERP Environment.     

Knowledge capital,CEO power,and firm value: Evidence from the IT industry

Disruptive innovation dramatically changes the demand of a product market in the information technology (IT) industry. In response to the impact of disruptive innovation, IT firms that may be eliminated from the competitive race actively develop innovative products and adjust their operating strategies to strengthen their survivability in the fiercely competitive market. Thus, this study explores the factors that affect firm value in the IT industry under the impact of disruptive innovation. The empirical results reveal that knowledge capital and CEO power play crucial roles in explaining firm value. IT firms with powerful CEOs and increased knowledge capital have high firm values. The effects of knowledge capital and CEO power on firm value are especially significant for founder and duality CEO firms. Furthermore, the influence of CEO power is more prominent in periods of financial crisis.     

The Economic Consequences of Increased Disclosure: Evidence from Cross-Listings of Chinese Firms

In this paper, we investigate the impact of cross‐listings on information asymmetry risk, the cost of capital and firm value of a group of cross‐listed Chinese companies. Our paper is the first to examine the effect of cross‐listing on information asymmetry risk. Because cross‐listed firms are subject to increased disclosure requirements, increased regulatory scrutiny and increased legal liability, we propose that Chinese cross‐listed firms have lower information asymmetry risk, lower cost of capital and higher firm value than their non‐cross‐listed counterparts. We find in both univariate and multivariate tests that cross‐listed firms enjoyed lower information asymmetry risk in the domestic market compared with the non‐cross‐listed firms. We also find that cross‐listed firms have lower cost of capital in the cross‐listing market than non‐cross‐listed firms in the domestic markets. Finally, we find that cross‐listed firms are associated with higher firm value as measured by Tobin's Q. These results have implications for international investors and companies seeking cross‐listing opportunities.     

A PROCESS STUDY OF NEW TECHNOLOGY ADOPTION IN SMALLER MANUFACTURING FIRMS*

Based on longitudinal case studies of new technology adoption in five smaller Canadian manufacturing firms, this article develops an inductive process model that views the technology adoption process as a partially nested set of three parallel and interacting sub-processes that are different in nature: the strategic commitment process, the technology choice process and the financial justification process. These processes are themselves intertwined with other strategic decision processes in the firm, and influenced by a dynamic set of contextual elements that interact with one another over time. the study underlines the problems associated with a narrow conception of technology adoption as a ‘decision’while showing how various process models from the literature are useful in understanding different parts of the overall process of adoption     

Dividend reinvestment plans and Pecking Order capital structure behavior: An empirical investigation

Due to the asymmetric information effect, corporations have been reluctant to use external sources of equity capital. The adoption of dividend reinvestment plans (DRP) by large numbers of firms may indicate an alternative way to raise external equity funds. It has been shown that many factors may explain a firm’s decision concerning the source of the shares made available to DRP participants. The hypothesis to be tested is that the nature of the DRP actually selected may be predicted by financial characteristics such as cash flow generation, investment needs, historical dividend policy, firm ownership structure and firm capital structure. Using logistic regression analysis, results of joint tests of financial variables suggested by the Pecking Order Theory of capital structure indicate significant support for the hypothesis. Specifically, ownership structure, historical dividend policy and debt ratio are found to be key determinants of the type of DRP utilized.     

Firms' Stakeholders and the Costs of Transparency

We develop a model of a firm whose production process requires it to initiate and nurture a relationship with its stakeholders. Because there are spillover benefits of being associated with a "winner," the perceptions of stakeholders and potential stakeholders can affect firm value. Our analysis indicates that while transparency (i.e., generating information about a firm's quality) may improve the allocation of resources, a firm may have a higher ex ante value if information about its quality is not prematurely generated. Transparency costs arise because of asymmetric information regarding the extent to which stakeholders benefit from having a relationship with a high-quality firm. These costs are higher when firms can undertake noncontractible innovative investments that enhance the value of their stakeholder relationships. Stakeholder effects of transparency are especially important for younger firms with less established track records.     

Strategic real options under asymmetric information

This paper studies the effect of private information on the capital allocation decisions of firms who operate under imperfect competition. I analyze two interactive firms, one with private information and the other without, who must decide when to undertake an irreversible and uncertain investment decision. Traditional non-strategic models of irreversible investment under uncertainty involve a single decision maker and result in an optimal period of delay before the investment is undertaken. In a strategic setting, firms must balance their desire to delay against competitive advantages from early investment. I find that an equilibrium may not exist within the standard continuous framework when the private information is over revenues. Moreover, when an equilibrium does exist the competitive pressures from the uninformed firm are weak. This is in contrast to existing models with asymmetric information over costs, where an equilibrium always exists and the competitive pressures remain strong (Hsu and Lambrecht, 2007). This work shows that the investment timing decision, and thus the value of the private information, is highly sensitive to the nature of incomplete information.     

International Variations in Transparency and Capital Structure: Evidence from European Firms

This paper documents the impact of national transparency regimes on corporate capital structure in 14 European countries. After controlling for relevant firm, industry, and national variables, we find that owner-manager agency cost-reducing transparency such as higher levels of analysts following is associated with lower corporate debt levels. In contrast, transparency that reduces owner-creditor agency costs that helps creditors control business risks (and creditors-to-owners wealth transfers), such as disclosure timeliness, institutional trading activities, and enforcement of anti-insider trading laws, are associated with higher corporate debt levels. Among other transparency measures, levels of financial and governance disclosures are negatively associated with debt ratios and higher levels of audit intensity and accounting disclosures are positively associated with debt ratios. Further, transparency factors are more important for large firms and for firms in services and high technology.     

Tapping Deep Pockets: The Role of Resources and Social Capital on Financial Capital Acquisition by Biotechnology Firms in Biotech–Pharma Alliances

Strategic alliances with pharmaceutical firms allow small biotechnology firms to acquire needed financial capital in exchange for sharing new, cutting‐edge technologies. This study draws from aspects of resource‐based view and social capital theory to examine the factors that influence the extent of financial capital biotech firms acquire when forming an alliance with pharmaceutical firms. Using a sample of 184 alliances from the period 1995–2000, we found that alliances where the pharmaceutical firm has greater management control are associated with greater acquisition of financial capital by the biotech firm. We also found that the credibility of the pharmaceutical firm is positively associated with the extent of financial capital acquired by the biotechnology firm and that the number of patents that the biotech firm has is negatively associated to the financial capital the biotech firm receives. We discuss the implications of our findings for theory, research, and management practice.     

Does adoption of ISO 56002-2019 and green innovation reporting enhance the firm sustainable development goal performance? An emerging paradigm

Reporting is a means of communication for companies to their respective stakeholders. The literature on non-financial reporting has mostly focused on operational, Carbon Discloser Project (CDP), and environmental disclosure to firm performance. This reporting and disclosure approach adopted by companies in their sustainability practices appears to be a normative approach. However, there has been a growing demand by stakeholders to incorporate proactive approach in business activities. To meet that, green innovation practices (GIPs) has been integrated as a new element in environmental reporting, thereby reflecting the proactiveness of companies in their adoption of green innovation reporting (GIR). The objective of this study is to advocate for greater disclosure on sustainability reporting by incorporating the GIPs of companies and substantial, sustainable development goal contribution, along with the moderation of the newly upgraded ISO 56002-2019 innovation management system. Adoption of green innovation reporting and ISO 56002-2019 will enhance the level of transparency of business activities and create greater stakeholder confidence along with enhancing the firm's sustainable development of goal performance. Furthermore, an extensive literature review was undertaken to create a GIR framework (i.e., product, process, service and technology) for firms to integrate GIPs into sustainability reporting. The conceptual model proposed the adoption of green innovation reporting and ISO 56002-2019 innovation management system to firm sustainable development goal. This needs to be injected into the sustainable reporting of companies to reflect their innovativeness, actual sustainable business practices and sustainable development goal performance for the firm.