区域金融规模、效率及其对FDI溢出效应的影响研究——来自长江三角洲经济圈的实证分析和检验

FDI促进经济增长的能力与一个国家或地区的金融发展水平(规模、效率)联系紧密。我国现有研究较多关注的是全国状况或者一个省区状况,本文则将研究视角定位于经济圈,选择我国FDI集中流入的长三角经济圈作为研究对象,将金融发展分解为量和质两个维度,对长三角经济圈的金融规模、效率对FDI溢出效应影响进行了系统研究。论文实证分析和检验的结果发现:长三角经济圈金融信贷规模的扩大反而抑制了FDI技术溢出的吸收,而金融市场效率的改进所产生的效果则刚好相反,即能够显著放大FDI对区域经济的正贡献率。     

FDI溢出效应对陕西省生产性服务业增长实证分析

本文通过收集整理2000年到2010年陕西省统计数据,运用时间序列模型分析FDI产生的溢出效应对生产性服务业增长的影响,研究发现FDI每增长一个百分点,产生的溢出效应会使生产性服务业增长0.43个百分点。由此提出通过FDI溢出效应这一渠道来提升陕西省生产性服务业的政策建议,如增强经济实力,扩大对外开放,完善市场环境,建立企业集群等。     

FDI技术溢出促进产业升级的理论微观机制探讨

FDI技术溢出效压和产业升级这两个命题，每一个命题各自都是当前经济研究的重点热点，但将两者联系起来，依据微观企业层面将FDI技术溢出的不同途径全面细化地归纳，梳理其与产业升级之间联系的文献并不多。文章从企业微观层面归纳和总结了FDI技术溢出经由不同途径对产业升级的影响机制，较为详细地探讨了FDI技术溢出通过不同渠道促进产业内升级和产业间关联产业技术水平和附加价值提升，进而推动对产业升级的深入研究     

开放经济中内生增长的不确定性及其经济学分析

本文将Mino(2001)的两部门内生增长模型推广到开放经济系统中，同时引入资本投资的调整成本，证明了若最终产品部门的社会生产相对新人力资本部门而言是物质资本密集型，而私人生产是人力资本密集型，经济增长具有局部不确定性。本文进一步分析不确定性条件下经济的资源配置和价格动态，提供增长不确定性产生的经济解释。     

区域经济增长与FDI技术溢出: 以京津冀都市圈为例

本文将京津冀三地1980～2003年的面板数据分割为1980-1992年、1981～1993年、……和1991-2003年等12个时间段，滚动检验FDI经由技术溢出效应对区域经济增长的影响。结果发现，1995年以前京津冀都市圈内存在明显的FDI技术溢出效应，而以1995年为拐点，FDI技术溢出效应逐渐消失，直至FDI与区域经济增长显著负相关。表明自1995年起京津冀都市圈的外资规模相对于内资而言已经偏大。同时，本文还对FDI的技术溢出效果比较明显的几个时间段进行了Granger因果性检验。最后，本文从跨国公司对当地市场结构变迁的动态影响，内外资企业能力差距的变动，跨国公司与当地经济联系紧密程度的变化等方面解释了在短期和较长时期内FDI技术溢出效应的变化。     

FDI对中国流通产业的技术溢出效应分析

<正>FDI技术溢出效应是经济学意义上的一种外部效应,主要研究技术外溢,这里的技术包括产品技术、生产过程中的工艺技术、科学的企业组织与管理技术等。由于FDI内含的人力资本、研发投入等因素通过各种渠道导致技术的非自愿扩散,从而促进了东道国生产率增长,对东道国经济的     

区域经济增长差距扩大的内生机制分析

本文通过引入人力资本的溢出效益,在对均衡经济长路径求解的基础上,说明人力资本积累效率的差距将内生地导致我国区域经济增长水平差距的扩大,本文的分析说明了政府通过对人力资本积累进行补贴,进而实现区域经济平衡发展是一个可行的选择。     

FDI技术溢出效应的门限特征研究——来自中国省际面板数据的证据

已有的关于FDI(对外直接投资)技术溢出效应研究文献中,大多数学者认为FDI技术溢出会显著地促进东道主国家的经济增长,然而,利用中国1997年-2009年的省际面板数据,对FDI技术溢出效应进行研究却发现,FDI技术溢出效应在中国不同的地区存在显著差异;运用门限回归模型,从地区经济发展水平、地区开放程度、地区人力资本存量、地区金融发展程度等四个方面检验了FDI技术溢出效应的门限特征,并测算出了引发积极FDI技术外溢效应的门限水平。     

外商直接投资、溢出效应与内生经济增长——基于动态面板与中国省际面板数据的经验分析

本文分析FDI企业在东道国直接生产经营活动和由FDI企业引致的进口增加所带来的国际知识的溢出对中国经济增长的贡献,并对1994～2008年的29个省份的经验数据进行了经验分析,结果表明:外商直接投资的技术溢出效应,特别是通过FDI企业在当地从事生产活动带来的技术溢出效应并不明显;FDI渠道传递的外国R&D对一个地区的技术进步和经济发展的促进作用必须与该地区的吸收能力相结合,才能发挥相应的作用.     

外商直接投资技术溢出效应的实证分析

文章在现有文献研究的基础上,将人力资本纳入计量经济模型,依据中国近年来的具体数据,对外商直接投资的技术溢出效应进行了实证分析,结果发现,FDI与人力资本相结合后,对我国内资部门产生了显著的技术溢出效应。     

Multinomial distributions applied to random sampling of particulate materials

When sampling a batch consisting of particulate material, the distribution of a sample estimator can be characterized using knowledge about the sample drawing process. With Bernoulli sampling, the number of particles in the sample is binomially distributed. Because this is rarely realized in practice, we propose a sampling design in which the possible samples have a nearly equal mass. Expected values and variances of the sample estimator are calculated. It is shown that the sample estimator becomes identical to the Horvitz–Thompson estimator in the case of a large batch-to-sample mass ratio and a large sample mass. Simulations and experiments were performed to test the theory. Simulations confirm that the round-off error due to the discrete nature of particles is negligible for large sample sizes. Sampling experiments were carried out with a mixture of PolyPropylene (PP) and PolyTetraFluorEthylene (PTFE) spheres suspended in a viscous medium. The measured and theoretical variations are in good agreement.     

Performance appraisal and culture: practice and attitudes in Hong Kong and Great Britain

This article compares the practice of and attitudes towards performance appraisal for managerial and professional staff in Hong Kong and Britain, and considers the extent to which actual practice and employee preferences are in alignment. Findings suggest that appraisal may be more widespread in Hong Kong than in Britain. However, British appraisal tends to be more participative and to place greater emphasis on discussing objectives, development and career plans. Hong Kong appraisals appear to be more directive and Hong Kong respondents perceive a higher level of 'negative' appraiser behaviour. In spite of this, Hong Kong respondents show if anything slightly more confidence in the utility of appraisal than do British respondents. They show stronger support for appraisal's use for reward and punishment and less support for the objectives-setting and training and development uses than do the British sample. Hong Kong respondents are more likely than their British counterparts to favour involving a more senior manager in appraisal, and they are less likely to prefer more frequent appraisals. There was little evidence that Hong Kong respondents had a stronger preference for group-based appraisal criteria, although they did show more support than the British sample for the use of personality as a basis for appraisal. Overall, the suggestion is that appraisal has been adopted in Hong Kong organizations but that the practice of appraisal has been adapted to suit the cultural characteristics of the society.     

Narrative construction of expatriate experience and career cycle: discursive patterns in Finnish stories of international

Expatriate experience is not only a disconnected occasion for cross-cultural anxiety and adjustment but also an important event in the process of self-development and learning. Following this view and arguing for a discursive approach, the paper focuses on ways in which expatriates themselves tell and interpret their development and movement across expatriate career cycle. Meaning systems connecting expatriate job with previous and following work experiences in career stories of Finnish engineers and managers were identified using a combination of narrative and discourse analysis. No evidence was found of an autonomous expatriate discourse but, in contrast, expatriate career cycle was narrated using available organizational repertoires of development and career. Describing and discussing the meaning-making properties of three identified discourses - bureaucratic, occupational and enterprising - the paper emphasizes the organizational environment of expatriate experience while acknowledging the limits of these contemporary career vocabularies in addressing individual learning and change in cross-cultural settings.     

Internet professionals: job skills for an on-line age

The paper explores the increasing popularity of the Internet technology Singapore. It argues that the diffusion of Internet technology to South-East Asia would create new duties and responsibilities for human resource (HR) managers. One such duty is the identification of the skills which professional Internet staff would need to perform their work effectively in organizations. Using a triangulation research method, empirical study has identified the new professional Internet jobs which have emerged the IT industry in Singapore and the skills that professional Internet personnel require do their jobs effectively. Analysis of the findings indicates that professional Internet skills involve both technical and creative abilities and that, in explaining or defining professional Internet skills, it is necessary to use both the technical and the social conceptions of skill. This argument is based on the view that the creative skills include tacit skills so that a definition based solely on the technical conception of skill cannot capture the various dimensions of Internet skills. The implications of the research findings for human resource managers are raised.     

关于高校教学秘书工作的认识与思考

教学秘书在教学管理中起着举足轻重的作用,本文结合自己近6年从事教学秘书的工作实践和体会,阐述了高校教学秘书的工作职能和工作内容,提出了教学秘书应具备的素质,分析了日前教学秘书工作中存在的问题,探讨了教学秘书工作改进的方法与途径。     

Sister Communities: Rejecting Labels of Informality and Peripherality in Vanuatu

Some labels have dire consequences. This article takes issue with the labels commonly used to describe the physical and social location of communities living on the edge of Port Vila, Vanuatu—labels that position communities for eviction by entrenching tropes of informality and peripherality into how they are seen and represented. Such terms include informal, settlement, informal settlement, squatter and peri-urban. Based on interviews with around 100 people and two years of ethnographic engagement with urban communities in Port Vila, Vanuatu, I critique the language of policy against the lived experience of those at the urban edge. I use Bourdieu's articulation of power as an accumulation of symbolic capital that enables one to speak the world into being. I conclude that the language of policies and plans is reflective of a dominant discourse in urban studies and international aid, and non-reflective of the experience and identities of people living at the urban edge. My interviewees and interlocutors maintain their identities as sister communities—as places grounded in the formality of customary tenure, and as part of the city rather than outside it.     

BLOCOS URBANISM: Capitalism and Modularity in the Making of Contemporary Luanda

In this article we portray and unpack the fabric of urban expansion in contemporary Luanda. In doing so, we examine interdependencies and complementarities between the organization of oil extraction off the coast of Angola, the emergence of particular modalities of modernist city planning for the expansion of its capital city, and the proliferation of cement blocks in the making of new urban forms throughout its burgeoning peripheries. By showing how urban development has unfolded through the interconnected realization of multiple kinds of systematizing blocks—namely oil blocks, city blocks and cement blocks—we analyse key material components in the production of new markets and urban spaces in the Angolan capital. By tracing forms of capitalism and modularity in the making of contemporary Luanda, we develop the concept of blocos urbanism to draw attention to modes of standardization and the production of legibility in contemporary processes of urbanization. Through this study, we aim to contribute to the conceptual apparatus for deciphering our global urban condition.     

Different Manifestations of the Concept of Empowerment: The Politics of Urban Renewal in the United States and the United Kingdom

Over the course of the 1990s the concept of empowerment became firmly established within the vocabulary of urban politics in several different national contexts. This article analyzes the spread of this concept by looking at the politics of urban renewal in the United States and the United Kingdom. It shows that even if (and possibly because) the definition of empowerment remained vague, the turn to empowerment came out of and contributed to a shift in the nature of urban politics and to a reconfiguration of governmental methods, the role of the state and, consequently, to changes in civil society, all of which were associated with a rise to prominence of a neoliberal perspective.     

The Invisible Multipliers of Joint-products

This paper proposes a hybrid input-output model to estimate the intermediate requirements embodied in the final disposal--such as reclamation and incineration - of non-marketable scraps and wastes from industries or households. The model is based on a mixed technology assumption in order to connect the monetary distribution of the ordinary goods and services with the physical distribution of the scraps and wastes as joint-products. Moreover, some demand-pulled invisible multipliers, in terms of the scraps and wastes, have been explored by performing a numerical simulation. From the invisible multipliers, we find the paradoxical phenomenon that the reduction in the amount of final disposal and the promotion of material recycling decreases the intermediate demand of the scraps and wastes for material recycling if there is a time-lag in the introduction of the appropriate recycling technology.     

Corruption as Infrastructure: Rendering the New Saigon Global

Corruption is regularly treated as a barrier to infrastructure, development and growth. However, in Saigon, corruption itself has become an infrastructure in Vietnam's late-socialist urban transformation. This infrastructure facilitates not only growth in the form of transnational investment, property speculation and construction, but allows for different kinds of planning and development practice as well. Perceptions about corruption in Vietnam, and in Saigon specifically, shape market and planning practices that structure the terms on which interested parties from abroad and internally speculate upon and ultimately develop urban projects. This is not a static formulation of corruption. Rather, corruption and the various political and policy responses to it constantly shape how brokers, developers and financiers renegotiate how the city becomes a knowable object for investment, legible to the calculations of both risk and reward used by global investors as well as to those who enact the embedded bureaucratic, legal and political practices that create Saigon's built environment. In this article I argue that different definitions and policy responses to corruption in effect create variable ways of seeing the city (as well as modes of being seen) that have an impact on the material realities of the metropolis—the types of connections produced with transnational finance, the legal and regulatory structure under which urbanization unfolds, and the types of players, firms and officials involved.