国外企业集成全球创新资源模式研究

文章分析了国外企业集成全球创新资源模式,提炼出三种国外企业集成全球创新资源的模式:(1)基于知识集成创新模式;(2)基于技术集成创新模式;(3)基于市场——技术集成创新模式。文章强调资源集成对于企业自主创新的重要性,并针对国内企业提出了若干建设性意见。     

关系模式转换为BC范式无损分解的研究与分析

我们知道一个非规范化的关系模式可能导致数据冗余、数据更新异常等一系列问题,而解决的办法是通过模式分解的方法使之规范化.但关系模式的分解并不是随意的,往往受到各种约束.概括来说:不管用什么途径实现分解,总要求分解后产生的模式必须与原来的模式等价.等价涉及两个问题,首先是信息不失真,即原来的本应存储在一个关系中的数据,由于分解将要分散到多个关系中,要求后者通过自然连接能够恢复原来的关系,使得既不丢失信息又不增加信息,这就是所谓分解的无损连接性.其次,要求分解不破坏属性之间存在的依赖关系,使得F=F1UF2U…UFk,这就是所谓分解的函数依赖保持性.     

企业实施卓越绩效模式所存在的若干问题及改进建议(四)

作者在《中国质量》2006第三、四、六期中撰文《企业实施卓越绩效模式所存在的若干问题及改进建议(1)、 (2)、 (3)》,描述了企业普遍存在的“经营理念先进、管理行为滞后”和“管理创新有余、系统整合能力不足”、“战略缺失与战略虚脱”、“缺乏明确客户价值定位、企业价值过剩与价     

工程量清单计价模式下清单表列范式研究

范式(paradigm)一词源于希腊文,有"共同显示"之意,由此引申出模式、模型、范例、规范等意。范式分为三个层次:世界观和价值(最高层)、基本定律和基本理论(第二层)及模式、方法和技术(第三层)。工程量清单计价属于模式、方法和技术层级。工程量清单计价模式的推行,对增加价格构成透明度、减少信息不对称和     

职业教育可持续发展中的若干问题研究

职业教育进入新世纪以来取得了长足的发展,但在发展过程中也存在诸如定位、招生、人才培养模式、学生管理等问题,这些问题的存在影响了职业教育的可持续发展。文章分析了问题存在的主客观原因,并提出了实现职业教育可持续发展的若干对策。     

V2V技术在智能交通系统中的应用与改进

文章结合数学建模的思想,详细介绍了V2V(车辆互联)技术在智能交通系统(ITS)中的应用,包括协助碰撞预防以及缓解交通拥堵等方面。为了解决V2V技术中存在的若干问题,对V2V技术进行了改进,并提出V2X(车辆与交通单元互联)技术,然后,对V2X技术总体架构与应用进行了介绍与分析。     

任务导向式教学法在自动化人才培养实践中的运用

本文分析了依传统教学方法组织教学存在的问题,并提出解决这些问题的教学思路,即任务导向式教学法。该教学法的核心是先明确任务,再将任务分解为若干个子任务,每个子任务对应着某门课程的具体教学内容,然后以该内容为切入点,辐射到该课程的其他知识点。文章结合教学实践分析了该教学法的效果,并指出确保实施该教学法效果的几个要素。     

V2V技术在智能交通系统中的应用与改进

文章结合数学建模的思想,详细介绍了V2V(车辆互联)技术在智能交通系统(ITS)中的应用,包括协助碰撞预防以及缓解交通拥堵等方面。为了解决V2V技术中存在的若干问题,对V2V技术进行了改进,并提出V2X(车辆与交通单元互联)技术,然后,对V2X技术总体架构与应用进行了介绍与分析。     

我国政府形象的信息论分析

文章提出了信息时代的政府形象的挑战,并从信息论的角度分析了G2G、G2C和G2B三种模式下我国政府形象存在的问题,在此基础上提出了塑造我国政府良好形象的思路。     

论财务与会计的关系

随着市场经济体制的不断完善，在经济建设和越来越多的经济活动交往中，会计理论与实践的研究日益受到重视。当前，理论界对财务与会计的关系问题主要存在如下三种观点：(1)会计包括财务管理。(2)财务管理包括会计。(3)财务与会计之间存在着既相互区别又相互联系的关系。笔者赞同第三种观点，本文就此谈谈自己的看法。     

大地电磁相位张量分解特性

在大地电磁资料的分析中,其中相当大的一部分问题都是因为近地表电性结构水平非均匀性导致二维或三维的区域构造中水平均匀的正常电磁场发生畸变,从而对MT阻抗张量产生影响[1]。故研究MT阻抗张量畸变和分解方法对于反演解释的正确性有重要的意义。     

On the generalized principal-agent problem: Decomposition and existence results

This paper addresses the class of generalized agency problems: situations in which adverse selection and moral hazard are jointly present. We present a decomposition of the principal's optimization problem under the first-order approach that sheds light on the interactions between the two types of private information, and also significantly improves tractability. We use the decomposition to (1) provide examples of closed form solutions of the optimal contract, and (2) analyze the existence of optimal contracts. We also show that the first-order approach is valid in generalized agency problems if the production technology satisfies the linear distribution function condition (LDFC) in actions and types. For more general production technologies the Mirrlees-Rogerson sufficient conditions need to be extended to include restrictions on the form of the optimal contract. Received: 11 August 1997 / 26 September 1999     

The relationship between the Beveridge–Nelson decomposition and other permanent–transitory decompositions that are popular in economics

The Beveridge–Nelson (BN) decomposition is a model-based method for decomposing time series into permanent and transitory components. When constructed from an ARIMA model, it is closely related to decompositions based on unobserved components (UC) models with random walk trends and covariance stationary cycles. The decomposition when extended to I(2)$I\left(2\right)$ models can also be related to non-model-based signal extraction filters such as the HP filter. We show that the BN decomposition provides information on the correlation between the permanent and transitory shocks in a certain class of UC models. The correlation between components is known to determine the smoothed estimates of components from UC models. The BN decomposition can also be used to evaluate the efficacy of alternative methods. We also demonstrate, contrary to popular belief, that the BN decomposition can produce smooth cycles if the reduced form forecasting model is appropriately specified.     

Theorems related to symmetric nonlinear decomposition

Decomposition methods can provide the rescue from the curse of dimensionality, which often prevents the successful numerical solution of large scale nonlinear mathematical programming problems. A symmetric nonlinear decomposition theory has been elaborated by T.O.M. Kronsjö (4) as an extension of a theory by the same author (3). The stringent proof of the convergence of this decomposition algorithm requires some results on necessary optimality conditions for certain mathematical programming problems. In this paper we state and prove some theorems providing these results.     

Do investors value companies' mandatory nonfinancial risk disclosure? An empirical analysis of the Italian context after the EU Directive

In October 2014, the European Union adopted Directive 2014/95/EU (hereafter, EU Directive), mandating companies of a certain size to draft and publish corporate nonfinancial information (NFI) regarding society and the environment. In this study, we examine the mandatory disclosure of nonfinancial (NF) risks by listed Italian companies, as required by the EU Directive, focusing on both the state‐of‐the‐art of such disclosure and its usefulness for investors. For this purpose, the study adopts a two‐staged research approach; in the first stage, we employed a manual meaning‐oriented content analysis to investigate the NF declarations (NFDs) of the listed Italian companies that were obliged to disclose NFI, returning a quality NF risks disclosure index. In the second stage, we used the value relevance methodology to investigate whether the disclosed NF risk information affects the levels of equity prices, through a modified Ohlson model. Our research is one of the first to investigate the value relevance of mandatory disclosures of NF risks following the implementation of the EU Directive, in the Italian context. The research was carried out in 2017, the first year of the directive's application for listed Italian companies. The main findings support a positive association between NF risk information disclosure levels and companies' market value. Moreover, they provide evidence of a significant mediating effect of NF risk on the relationship between financial risks and market value.     

威客模式下政府信息资源增值利用路径探析

政府信息资源的增值利用是实现政府信息价值最大化的主要方式。但是,目前常见的三种信息增值模式———政府模式、市场模式和社会模式都存在着较大的问题,阻碍了增值利用的步伐。本文拟将威客模式这一知识信息产业领域的电子商务新形式,与作为电子政务具体形式的政府信息增值利用相结合,将威客模式引入政府信息资源的增值开发,发挥威客在提供个性化信息方面的优势。通过平台建设、威客利益激励机制的研究、具体运作流程的构建,促进政府信息的增值利用。     

Theorems on the decomposition of a large nonlinear convex separable economic system in the dual direction

Large mathematical programming problems often arise as the result of the economic planning process. When such a problem is not only large, but nonlinear as well, there is a need to make it more manageable by breaking it down into several smaller and more easily handled subproblems. The subproblems are solved separately with the coordination activity carried out by a master problem. A decomposition method can be seen as a dialogue between the master problem and the subproblems, where the flow of information back and forth between the former and the latters results in a series of approximations converging to the solution of the overall problem. Such a decomposition method was elaborated by Benders [1] for linear programmes and generalized to nonlinear convex separable programmes by Kronsjö [4] and by Geoffrion [3]. After considering our basic nonlinear programming problem from a two-stage minimization point of view, we review the Kronsjö nonlinear decomposition algorithm. Then we establish some properties of a function related to this algorithm.I am grateful to Professor T.O.M. Kronsjö for inspiring this work and giving valuable help.     

高职物流管理专业“4+1+1”人才培养模式的构建

由于受到实践教学基本条件以及相关实践教学管理措施不配套等因素影响,目前高职物流管理专业的实践教学还存在许多问题。针对问题摆出了"4+1+1"人才培养模式,并把这种模式的培养过程分成三个阶段,即在前4学期在校内以"项目驱动"为主进行理论教学和简单实训,第5学期安排学生到企业进行练岗、轮岗和短期顶岗,第6学期安排学生到企业顶岗实习。模式实施的要素是建立校外实践基地、培养专兼结合的师资队伍、构建职业能力培养的课程体系和建立一套科学合理的评价体系。模式实施的效果是实现学生、企业、学校和政府共赢。     

B2C电子商务企业的物流模式研究

分析了B2C电子商务企业物流存在的主要问题,探讨了B2C企业物流管理急需创新的方向,着重阐述了适宜我国电子商务企业的几种物流配送模式。这对我国企业构建高效的、经济合理的、现代化的物流体系有着重要的意义。     

Time reversibility of stationary regular finite-state Markov chains

We propose an alternate parameterization of stationary regular finite-state Markov chains, and a decomposition of the parameter into time reversible and time irreversible parts. We demonstrate some useful properties of the decomposition, and propose an index for a certain type of time irreversibility, applicable to chains whose states are naturally ordered. Two empirical examples illustrate the use of the proposed parameter, decomposition and index. One, on gasoline price mark-ups, involves observed states. The other, on U.S. investment growth, features latent states.