江苏省制造企业服务化对绩效的影响

在“制造+服务”的模式下,制造业服务化成为最重要的变革之一。论文以江苏省2010-2019年194家制造业上市公司的数据为样本,以总资产收益率衡量企业绩效水平,以服务化收入占主营业务收入比重衡量企业服务化程度,分析得出制造业服务化对企业绩效产生U型影响,并给出相关建议。     

绩效期望差距与制造业企业服务化行为

本文以2010—2022年A股制造业上市公司为样本,结合前景理论和威胁刚性理论,探究绩效期望差距与制造业企业服务化行为之间的关系,并分析行业竞争程度和高管风险偏好对二者关系的调节作用。研究结果表明,绩效期望顺差对产品导向型服务化行为具有正向影响;绩效期望落差对客户导向型服务化行为具有负向影响;行业竞争程度强化了绩效期望落差对客户导向型服务化行为的负向影响;高管风险偏好强化了绩效期望顺差对产品导向型服务化行为的正向影响,削弱了绩效期望落差对客户导向型服务化行为的负向影响。进一步研究发现,绩效期望落差与服务化行为的关系受产权性质异质性的影响;并且,产权性质不同,行业竞争程度、高管风险偏好的调节作用也存在差异。本文研究结论为制造业企业选择服务化转型的时机以及厘清服务化行为提供了依据。     

供给侧改革下广州市制造业企业服务化绩效分析研究

制造业服务化与企业绩效关系紧密。广州市作为全国首批六个服务型制造示范城市,近年来服务型制造发展迅速。文章论述了制造业服务化的文献研究情况,探讨了广州市制造业服务化发展现状,分析了广州市制造业服务化与企业绩效之间的关系。认为广州市制造业服务化与企业绩效是一种"马鞍型"曲线关系,呈现的是"上升—下降—再上升"的过程。     

基于制造业服务化的企业战略联盟建设研究

制造业服务化是近年来的学术研究与实践的热点问题。文章介绍了制造业服务化和企业战略联盟的基本概念,分析了制造业服务化对供应链组织结构及运行模式的影响,提出了新型企业战略联盟。     

制造业服务化转型路径影响因素

制造业服务化强调制造企业要以顾客为中心,是通过向全球价值链两端的研发设计和品牌营销方向移动,由提供产品到提供“产品+服务”包,再到提供产品服务系统的转变过程.企业通过服务化提高了产品附加值.本文综述了资源、环境和能力对制造业服务化转型路径的影响,为相关研究提供参考.     

关于产品服务化与企业服务化的理论探索

本文通过文献回顾和案例分析,探讨了服务行业呈现出的两种新趋势,即产品服务化与企业服务化。作者认为这两种趋势有助于企业开拓新的事业领域,实现多元化发展,同时符合发展绿色经济的客观要求,是未来经济发展的主要方向之一。     

制造企业服务化的驱动因素

服务化是制造企业转型发展的重要途径。本文在制造企业服务化转型背景下,基于中国制造业上市公司数据针对企业服务化选择的影响因素进行实证检验。结果表明,从微观层面来说,成本收入比、企业市场份额、企业年龄、企业规模、资本劳动比与国有企业属性会显著影响制造企业服务化的选择,行业层面的服务化企业比例对制造企业选择服务化具有显著影响,而市场竞争强度的作用并不明显。根据要素密集度分组的回归结果显示,不同类型行业的制造企业服务化影响因素与总体样本的结论基本一致。     

制造业服务化对行业创新绩效的影响——基于技术吸收能力的中介作用

产业融合背景下,制造业服务化成为经济提质增效的有效途径。为探究服务化转型对行业创新绩效的影响,基于2002—2018年中国制造业行业面板数据,采用固定效应模型展开实证研究,并对技术吸收能力的中介作用进行检验,同时结合我国服务化发展特征展开扩展分析。结果表明：制造业服务化对创新绩效产生“U”型影响,我国当前整体制造业服务化水平尚处于“U”型曲线下降区;制造业服务要素投入可通过提高技术吸收能力,间接对创新绩效发挥作用;相比于劳动密集型和资本密集型行业,技术密集型制造业服务化对创新绩效的驱动效果更显著。研究为有效推进服务化转型进程、扩展制造业创新发展路径提供了理论参考。     

制造企业服务化转型的商业模式研究——以空中客车为例

商业模式是当今企业核心竞争力形成和发展的关键问题,特别是在制造企业服务化的趋势背景下,如何通过商业模式的转变实现服务化转型是制造企业关注的重点。本文基于国内外制造企业服务化转型的相关研究,以空中客车公司为例进行案例研究,以时间为主线从多维度对其服务化转型过程进行描述和分析;在此基础上构建出制造企业服务化转型的三阶段演化模型,即从技术管理到服务管理再到协同管理,揭示了服务型制造企业的商业模式;最后得出通过高层管理者支持推动和建立外部关系网络拉动来促进服务化转型的启示。     

基于层次分析法的电子制造企业供应商评价体系研究

本文在现有供应商评价指标与评价方法的基础上,根据我国电子制造企业的现状与特点,构建了包括质量管理、物流与交货、技术研发及生产制造4个一级指标、16个二级指标的供应商评价指标体系,并采用层次分析法确定各指标权重。最后,通过示例对本研究建立的供应商评价体系进行应用,以检验其可操作性。     

Assessing the impact of green supply chain practices on firm performance in the Korean manufacturing industry

As a growing number of customers tend to view corporate social responsibility (CSR) as a key purchase decision criterion, demands for CSR including environmental sustainability have accelerated in today's business world. To meet such demands, many firms consider embracing environment-friendly business practices. However, many firms are still hesitant to implement those practices due to sceptical views about their real managerial benefits. Although the previous literature confirms the positive link between a firm's commitment to environmental sustainability and its performance, the varying degree of impact of different kinds of environment-friendly supply chain practices on the firm's operational performance is still unknown. To fill the void left by prior research, this paper aims to classify various types of green supply chain management (GSCM) practices and then assess the impact of each of these distinct types on the firm's operational performances (especially manufacturing and marketing performance). Also, this paper examines how the firm's organisational profiles such as firm size affect the particular firm's choice of GSCM practices. Our experimental results reveal that the chosen type of GSCM practices influences the firm's performance differently.     

The effects of slack resource of R&D professionals on firm performance: evidence from traditional manufacturing firms in an emerging economy

Abstract

As an important component of organizational human resource slack (HR slack), the slack of research-and-development (R&D) professionals has been studied by several authors. However, it remains unclear whether and how this small component of general HR slack, i.e. the slack of research-and-development professionals (RHR slack), may affect overall firm performance in an emerging economy without much R&D tradition or pro-R&D institutions. Based on two organizational theories, i.e. institutional theory and the resource-based view of the firm (RBV), we propose competing hypotheses on the relationship between RHR slack and firms’ accounting performance. We also examine whether the relationship between RHR slack and firm performance should be linear or curvilinear. Finally, we also test the relationship between RHR slack and other dimensions of firm performance. Several interesting findings have been obtained. For instance, neither the perspective based on institutional theory nor that based on RBV can fully predict all types of RHR slack-performance relationships, be these relationships linear or curvilinear.     

Applying real options theory to HRM: an empirical study of IT software firms in India

Environmental uncertainties can impact the market value of a firm's human assets both positively and negatively, and make return on human assets uncertain over time. However, the strategic human resource management (SHRM) literature has so far focused almost exclusively only on the upside value of human assets of a firm. Real options theory can provide the process heuristics as well as the economic logic for guiding investments in human assets to create sustainable market value for firms operating in uncertain environments. In spite of the growth in popularity of the real options approach, no meaningful progress, however, has been made towards application of this approach to HRM. This study, using data from 108 IT software development firms in India, seeks to address this gap and make three important contributions to the SHRM literature: (1) operationalise the concept of HR options by identifying the HR practices that possess option value; (2) investigate how use of HR options affects firm-level performance; and (3) develop and test a causal model that links the various types of HR options that firms use to exploit uncertainties faced by them with the firm-level operational and financial outcomes. The results support the central hypothesis of the article that use of HR options by firms operating in uncertain environments would have positive impact on their operational and financial performance. Significant differences were observed in the nature of linkages between different types of HR options used to address different types of uncertainties, and the operational and financial performance of the firm.     

The influence of intelligent manufacturing on financial performance and innovation performance: the case of China

ABSTRACT

Artificial intelligence is increasingly used in advanced manufacturing systems to realise intelligent manufacturing. However, there is still a lack of empirical research on the impact of intelligent manufacturing on enterprise performances, especially for China. The author adopts the enterprise panel data of intelligent manufacturing implemented by China’s manufacturing industry in 2014 to 2019, and uses propensity score matching with difference in differences (PSM-DID) method to investigate the impact of intelligent manufacturing on financial performance and innovation performance. The research yields two main conclusions. First, the implementation of intelligent manufacturing has a significant role in promoting the financial performance and innovation performance of manufacturing enterprises. Second, technology-intensive industries improve the quantity of innovation by implementing intelligent manufacturing, thus promoting the improvement of short-term financial performance, but the improvement of innovation quality has a negative impact on short-term financial performance. In labour-intensive industries, the relationship between financial performance and innovation performance is not obvious.     

Gender and management on Spanish SMEs: an empirical analysis

Few studies have investigated the presence of women on the boards of directors of companies. Those that have been done have focused on large firms. In this study we analyzed the gender diversity of a sample of Spanish small and medium enterprises. These firms are of great importance in terms of their number, the employment they provide, and their sales. Furthermore, there is an open debate in Spain about gender equality after the passing of several laws against gender discrimination. We found that women's presence on boards generates a negative impact on firm performance and this result may be due to less risky strategies implemented by women directors. This finding is interesting because it sheds light on how women can affect the functioning of a board. We also found that family firms and firms with a financial institution as the main shareholder tend to have more women on the board. Finally, we show that firms with less debt, more assets, and larger boards have more women as directors.     

Market priorities, manufacturing configuration, and business performance: an empirical analysis of the order-winners framework

This study carries out an empirical test of the order-winners framework in manufacturing organizations. Hill [Hill, T., 1985. Manufacturing Strategy: The Strategic Management of the Manufacturing Function, first ed. Macmillan, Basingstoke; Hill, T., 2000. Manufacturing Strategy: Text and Cases, second ed. Palgrave, Basingstoke] proposed the order-winners framework to help managers to improve understanding about markets and to develop a consistent manufacturing strategy. The framework defines ideal profiles of products and markets, and manufacturing and investment decisions that relate to alternative process choices. The study tests the hypothesis of a negative relationship between misfit to an ideal profile defined in the framework and business performance in domestic market share, return on sales, and return on investment in a survey of 183 manufacturers from 17 countries. Results found a significant negative relationship between misfit and domestic market share. The study contributes to operations management research by developing a methodology to measure fit as profile deviation in the context of manufacturing, and applying this methodology to the order-winners framework.     

营运资本管理与企业绩效关系实证研究

本文研究了营运资本政策与经营绩效的关系,通过对中国零售业、制造业（以家电业为例）、建筑业中的上市公司分不同行业进行实证分析和检验,发现：流动资产、流动负债所占比例与企业绩效的关系分行业有所不同;企业的流动资产周转率与企业绩效的相关性大小,主要取决于总资产周转率封企业业绩的作用大小以及流动资产占总资产的比重;营运资本政策对总资产主营业务利润率的影响较显着;营运资本政策越激进企业绩效也越好。但也有一些例外行业。不同行业的企业所选营运资本政策存在显着的差异性。