河南省校企合作知识集成耦合机制的实证研究

以校企合作为背景,首先构建了技术机制、信任机制、学习机制、激励机制、利益分配机制和知识产权机制6种耦合机制与知识集成绩效间关系的概念模型。然后利用路径分析法,将原概念模型分解为4个复回归模型,并对模型逐一进行修正,得到校企合作知识集成耦合机制的路径图。最后分别对6种耦合机制的直接效果值和间接效果值进行分析。得出如下结论:校企合作的技术机制、知识产权机制、信任机制、学习机制、激励机制和利益分配机制与知识集成绩效之间存在显著的正相关关系;校企合作的信任机制通过学习机制的中介作用影响知识集成绩效;校企合作的激励机制通过利益分配机制的中介作用影响知识集成绩效。     

合作创新中企业声誉、共享价值观和相互信任的实证研究

本文回顾了企业声誉、共享价值观、合作创新与信任的有关文献。分析了企业声誉、共享价值观对信任的影响，以及信任对绩效、承诺、长期关系的影响。并在此基础上提出了企业声誉、共享价值观和相互信任之间关系的概念模型。随后，通过实地的问卷调研对上述概念模型进行了实证分析，验证了企业声誉、共享价值观与信任以及信任与合作效果的结构关系。最后，论述了这些研究结果的实际意义与启示。     

基于结构方程模型的虚拟企业合作绩效评价维度研究

构建了虚拟企业合作绩效的6个评价维度,即管理模式相似、沟通频繁、知识共享边界清晰、信任、目标一致、关系承诺。以国内22家虚拟企业为调查对象,利用结构方程模型对虚拟企业合作绩效的6个评价维度与合作绩效之间的关系进行了实证研究。研究结果表明,虚拟成员企业间管理模式相似、沟通频繁、知识共享边界清晰、信任、关系承诺对合作绩效有显著的正向影响;目标一致对合作绩效的影响并不显著。并从提高虚拟企业合作绩效的角度,对虚拟企业合作绩效管理的发展方向作了进一步的探讨。     

联盟共同信任、信任差异与研发联盟绩效风险

基于国内汽车行业的纵向研发联盟企业数据,构建并验证了联盟共同信任对于联盟绩效风险的作用机理,揭示了联盟组织间的信任差异对于联盟信任与联盟绩效风险关系的调节效应。实证发现,联盟共同信任对于研发联盟绩效风险具有显著负向影响;联盟组织之间的信任差异对于研发联盟绩效风险具有显著正向影响;联盟组织之间的信任差异对于研发联盟共同信任与联盟绩效风险之间的关系具有显著负向调节效应,联盟组织之间的信任差异越小,联盟共同信任对于研发联盟绩效风险的负向影响就越大;联盟组织之间的信任差异越大,信任对于研发联盟绩效风险的负向影响就越小。     

联盟共同信任、信任差异与研发联盟绩效风险——基于社会资本理论视角

基于国内汽车行业的纵向研发联盟企业数据,构建并验证了联盟共同信任对于联盟绩效风险的作用机理,揭示了联盟组织间的信任差异对于联盟信任与联盟绩效风险关系的调节效应.实证发现,联盟共同信任对于研发联盟绩效风险具有显著负向影响;联盟组织之间的信任差异对于研发联盟绩效风险具有显著正向影响;联盟组织之间的信任差异对于研发联盟共同信任与联盟绩效风险之间的关系具有显著负向调节效应,联盟组织之间的信任差异越小,联盟共同信任对于研发联盟绩效风险的负向影响就越大;联盟组织之间的信任差异越大,信任对于研发联盟绩效风险的负向影响就越小.     

知识共享与组织学习对供应链企业间研发合作绩效的影响研究

以我国制造企业为研究对象,研究了知识共享、组织学习与供应链企业间研发合作绩效之间的关系,引入情境因素作为控制变量,探讨在情境因素的作用下,知识共享、组织学习和研发合作绩效之间的关系是否存在显著性差异。建立了一个能够反映知识共享、组织学习和研发合作绩效三者之间关系的完整理论框架,运用问卷调查、探索性因子分析、结构方程模型等方法进行实证研究。研究表明:组织结构、信息技术、企业文化、信任均对知识共享、组织学习和研发合作绩效之间的关系有显著影响。可以指导企业通过有效的知识共享与组织学习,提升企业研发合作绩效,保证企业在未来的市场竞争中保持其竞争优势。     

企业战略导向对其合作创新绩效的作用机理

将战略导向、网络位置、组织间信任和合作创新绩效纳入同一研究框架,研究了企业不同的战略导向对合作创新绩效的差异性影响,以及网络位置在其中的中介作用和组织间信任的调节作用,并提出研究假设。利用中国企业合作创新的实际调研数据,通过回归分析对研究假设进行实证检验。结果表明,市场导向与合作创新绩效显著正相关,适当的企业家导向有利于企业获得更高的合作创新绩效;网络中心位置有利于提升企业的合作创新绩效;组织间信任在战略导向影响合作创新绩效的过程中起重要的调节作用。     

校企合作创新网络特征对知识转移绩效的影响机制——基于河南省的实证分析

以组织学习为中介变量,构建了校企合作创新网络特征与知识转移绩效间关系的概念模型,并引入潜在吸收能力作为组织学习与知识转移绩效间关系的调节变量。以河南省为例进行实证分析,验证了概念模型中的研究假设。得出如下结论:不同的校企合作创新网络的结构特征维度和关系特征维度对知识转移绩效的影响是不同的;校企合作创新网络特征对知识转移绩效有显著的正向影响,企业的组织学习能力在整个知识转移过程中起到部分中介作用;企业的潜在吸收能力在组织学习对知识转移绩效的影响中起到部分调节作用。     

多维邻近性对校企创新合作绩效的影响研究

在百年未有之大变局的时代背景下,加强校企创新合作、促进科技成果转化是提升国家创新实力、促进国家科技变革的关键。然而,总体上看中国校企创新合作绩效不容乐观,如何提升其整体绩效也就成了亟需解决的问题。多维邻近性作为衡量校企创新合作绩效的常用前置因素,其影响关系也在不断随外界环境的变化而变化。因而文章在理论分析及案例调研的基础上,构建了多维邻近性的内涵维度以及对校企创新合作绩效的影响关系模型,并通过问卷调查等方法结合结构方程对概念模型进行探索验证。结果表明：认知、技术及关系邻近性通过合作信任度和合作依赖度两个中介正向影响校企创新合作绩效,地理邻近性的作用在下降,政府引导支持和技术中介服务在两者之间起的调节作用互补且显著。     

企业技术创新的二维风险特性及其防范措施

从技术创新方式出发,分析了技术创新的二维风险特性,即关系风险和绩效风险,其中技术引进方式的风险主要体现为关系风险;自主研发过程中的风险主要体现为绩效风险;而合作研发过程中则既蕴含关系风险又蕴含绩效风险。对于绩效风险应主要通过加强技术创新可行性分析、提升企业技术创新能力和研发人才队伍建设及强化技术成果的商业推广工作来防范;对于关系风险应主要通过完善合作契约制度、建立合作主体间互惠信任和长期合作机制来防范。     

An experimental analysis of cooperation and productivity in the trust game

In the standard trust game the surplus is increased by the risk taking first mover while cooperation by the second mover is a one-to-one transfer. This paper reports results from experiments in which the reverse holds; the first mover’s risky trust is not productive and the second mover’s cooperation is productive. This subtle difference significantly lowers the likelihood of trust but increases the likelihood of cooperation conditional on trust. Evidence is presented that the change in trust is consistent with first movers failing to anticipate the later result. Drawing upon the analogy that the trust game represents a model of exchange, the results suggest that markets should be organized so that the buyer moves first and not the seller as in the original trust game.

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基于SNA的PPP项目中信任影响因素研究

为提升PPP项目中信任度,构建了社会网络分析模型,将影响信任的主要因素视为社会网络的节点,采用调查问卷方法,统计了有关数据,研究公私合作中信任随各影响因素变动而产生的变化情况。使用Ucinet6软件进行分析,结果表明,信任作为关系契约中的重要部分随影响因素而变化,为提高PPP项目合作绩效,应重视关系契约的作用,重视信任的影响因素及其内在联系,正式契约在PPP项目中的作用不容忽视,但关系契约更有利于保证公私间长期与高效的合作关系。     

Cooperation,Trust and Economic Development: An Experimental Study in China

Many previous empirical studies have suggested that cooperation and trust affect economic growth. However, the precise relationship between trust and cooperation (i.e. whether trust leads to cooperation or cooperation leads to trust) remains unclear and it is not known how the level of economic development affects the level of cooperation and trust. Using a combination of public goods, gambling game and trust game experiments, we investigate the links among cooperation, trust and economic development in four regions of China. Our results suggest that, first, there is a U‐shaped or V‐shaped relationship between cooperation and economic development. Second, on the one hand, cooperation leads to trust, and on the other hand, more cooperative behaviour may be created by rewarding trusting behaviour. Third, men are more cooperative and trusting than women. Furthermore, we find that the widely used ‘GSS trust’ question from the General Social Survey (GSS) does not predict either cooperation or trust, whereas the questions ‘GSS fair’ and ‘GSS help’ have weak predictive power for trusting behaviour but not for cooperative behaviour.     

风险承担、风险缓冲与管理理念——关于信托公司风险管理的思考

由于信托制度的独特设计,信托公司或直接或间接均要承担信托财产损失风险,从近期来看,信托公司应构建以资本金为核心的风险缓冲机制。从长期来看,引入业绩评价基准,进行相对业绩评价是信托公司风险缓冲的必然选择。信托公司在风险管理时应树立两个理念,一是要将风险管理列为企业管理活动的核心,二是要认识到风险管理是一项长期性的工作,不能寄希望“毕其功于一役”。     

All for one,one for all: Coopetition and virtual team performance

This study establishes a model based on coopetition theory to explain the formation of team performance in virtual teams. We tested the model in information technology (IT) organizations, and found applicability of coopetition in influencing team performance and knowledge sharing. Knowledge sharing is indirectly influenced by team politics and social capital (i.e., trust, social interaction and shared vision) via the mediation of cooperation and competition, while team performance is indirectly affected by team politics and social capital via the mediation of cooperation, team emotional intelligence and team competence.     

A different look at Lenin’s legacy: Social capital and risk taking in the Two Germanies

What are the long-term effects of Communism on economically relevant notions such as social trust, fairness, and scope of cooperation? To answer this question, we study the post-unification trajectory of convergence between East and West German individuals with regard to trust, cooperation, and risk. Our hypotheses are derived from a model of German unification that incorporates individual responses both to incentives and to values inherited from earlier generations as recently suggested in the literature. Using two waves of balanced panel data, we find that despite twenty years of unification East Germans are still characterized by a persistent level of social distrust. In comparison to West Germans, they are less inclined to see others as cooperative. East Germans are also found to have been more risk loving than West Germans. However, risk attitudes fully converged recently.     

Agricultural innovation in less developed countries

We identify and elaborate some critical factors and mechanisms that foster the emergence of cooperative behavioral patterns. Through institutionalization, which solves social dilemmas through habituation, these factors and mechanisms provide the foundation of contingent cooperation and contextual trust in specific interaction ‘arenas’ and ‘meso’-sized ‘platforms’ (and related carrier groups) in these. This, then, may in turn support the emergence of general trust in the whole population, i.e., across all specific arenas and platforms. The emergence of institutions of cooperation may gain traction more easily in smaller arenas. This, and the transfer, spillover, or generalization to other arenas and platforms, is by no means determined, and the analytical foundation we offer permits to account for the different levels of cooperation, general trust, and socioeconomic performance observable in real-world economies (varieties of capitalisms). Directions of future research, as well as a policy focus, are provided as well.