首页 | 本学科首页   官方微博 | 高级检索  
相似文献
 共查询到20条相似文献,搜索用时 46 毫秒
1.
为摆脱国际金融危机对我国经济发展的负面影响,自2008年年末我国开始实施以大力度的减税、大规模的政府投资为主要特点,以大量的债券发行和地方政府融资平台贷款为融资手段的、财政直接扩张与间接扩张并用的新一轮积极财政政策。从实施效果来看,本轮积极财政在总量型经济指标上表现较为明显,数量分析表明其对经济和投资增长的效果都优于适度宽松的货币政策,对经济增长"保八"目标的实现作出了实质性贡献。但同时,本轮积极财政政策却在一定程度上阻碍了产业结构调整的步伐。此外,还带来了地方政府性债务规模的膨胀,尤其是利用政府融资平台筹资形成的政府债务"信贷化"倾向,可能导致财政风险和金融风险相互传导、叠加,对保持财政可持续性构成威胁。为考察当前我国财政的可持续状况,本课题组运用随机动态分析框架与财政风险演进理论两种方法对我国财政可持续性进行了考察,均得出当前财政具有可持续性的基本结论。但不可否认,在当前相关体制、机制不健全的背景下,未来我国财政可持续性既受到国内经济结构调整和国外经济形势变化的影响,又受到人口老龄化和加大民生支出压力的影响,财政的可持续性面临一定挑战。这就需要我们统筹协调财政与经济的关系,以经济的可持续为终极目标,以积极财政政策为实现经济可持续发展的手段,加大积极财政政策支持经济结构调整的力度,同时通过完善相关制度,增强财政可持续性,为积极财政政策的实施创造有利的基础条件。因此,积极财政政策转型的策略,应是根据宏观经济形势的要求,主动调整积极财政政策的作用重点,由推进逆周期调节为主的总量调控政策转向支持经济发展方式转变的结构调整政策,利用3~5年的时间灵活运用积极财政政策,努力加大改善民生和促进科技创新的政策支持力度,促进财政功能的转变。要进一步深化财税体制改革、合理统筹中央与地方的财政关系、健全政府债务管理与监督制度、强化预算管理与监督机制,增强财政可持续性,为积极财政政策的运行营造一个良好的体制环境。  相似文献   

2.
中国经济增长方式转换和增长可持续性   总被引:83,自引:3,他引:83  
王小鲁  樊纲  刘鹏 《经济研究》2009,44(1):4-16
本文考察了中国经济增长方式正在发生的转换,发现改革开放以来我国生产率(TFP)呈上升趋势,最近10年约在3.6%左右。TFP的来源在发生变化,外源性效率提高的因素在下降,技术进步和内源性效率改善的因素在上升。在要素投入方面,教育带来的人力资本质量提高正在替代劳动力数量简单扩张的作用。目前的世界经济危机正在对中国经济增长造成不良影响,但并不是不可克服的。实证分析发现,行政管理成本的膨胀和消费率的持续下降是影响经济增长的两个内在因素。如果能够克服这些负面影响,中国经济在2008—2020年间仍然可能保持9%以上的增长率。  相似文献   

3.
美国人自1930年代遭受尘暴打击后,对资源保护有了深入思考和广泛行动,开始视环保为应尽的社会义务。该文反思了美国沙尘暴的发生、治理及其后全国性环保热潮,其借鉴意义在于,在环保可持续性诸环节中,"人"这一要素至关重要;环境保护与可持续性发展需要政府、专家、企业、媒体以及普通民众在思维与行动上的大幅度改善;全民环保意识提升与自觉自为更需刚性制度的支持和保障。  相似文献   

4.
碳中和目标已成为气候治理和城市绿色转型的共识。在此背景下,准确识别影响城市绿色转型的关键要素并进行系统重建,对深入贯彻绿色发展理念和推进区域高质量协调发展具有重要意义。首先,从转型主体视角搭建碳中和目标下城市绿色转型影响要素体系,运用相关性判别法识别出17个关键要素,然后运用DEMATEL-ISM方法分析关键要素间的作用关系及层级关系,并采用MICMAC方法分析要素间的驱动—依赖关系,最终得到四层三阶的多级递阶结构模型。结果表明:绿色生活能力是根源致因,产业结构分布、资源消耗节控、绿色需求潜力等是基本保障,绿色技术创新、环境规制力度、环境治理效果等是关键推动力,绿色资源配置及基础设施建设是重要基础;在碳中和目标下具体进行城市全面绿色转型时需对不同层级要素进行综合考虑。  相似文献   

5.
逆向物流通过废旧或寿命期末产品的回收、重用及循环利用,节约了大量的垃圾填埋地、能源和成本,其在提高环境和经济的可持续性方面所起的战略作用越来越受到企业的重视.可持续理论作为一种正在发展的理论体系,与逆向物流相结合的研究是新出现的主题.现有的研究更多地是从经济和环境的角度而不是从社会和企业责任的角度关注逆向物流的可持续性应用.文章从社会可持续性的角度,利用现有的社会可持续性框架,把各种社会可持续性指标与各种逆向物流实践相结合,将逆向物流这个日益成长领域中的一些关键问题系统化.文章的讨论不仅为政府决策者制定有利于社会可持续性的逆向物流政策提供了有益的参考,帮助实践者在利用与逆向物流有关的社会收益时避免潜在的隐患,同时在理论上完善了可持续性理论体系.  相似文献   

6.
通过界定企业自主创新可持续性的维度,分析了当前我国企业自主创新可持续性的外部环境瓶颈和内部环境瓶颈,并提出消除这些瓶颈因素的对策模型。  相似文献   

7.
周淑景 《时代经贸》2010,(22):74-76
中国经济与农业进一步发展所面临的诸多难题,包括农业自然资本存量的不断减少,生态环境加剧恶化,对耕地的过分倚重,单一化的产业取向,农民就业难、收入低,城乡居民收入差距不断扩大等,均有赖于农业产业的根本转型来加以解决。农业转型的核心内容,是由目前以食品生产为主的生计农业、单一型耕地农业,转向以广泛利用农业自然资源生产多类型产品的多功能的综合化农业,建构完全新型的农业产业体系。为此,应从规划入手,通过增加农业建设投入,创新农业产业组织体系,深化农业公共行政部门改革等措施,促进农业产业模式的有效转型。  相似文献   

8.
中国经济与农业进一步发展所面临的诸多难题,包括农业自然资本存量的不断减少,生态环境加剧恶化,对耕地的过分倚重,单一化的产业取向,农民就业难、收入低,城乡居民收入差距不断扩大等,均有赖于农业产业的根本转型来加以解决.农业转型的核心内容,是由目前以食品生产为主的生计农业,单一型耕地农业,转向以广泛利用农业自然资源生产多类型产品的多功能的综合化农业,建构完全新型的农业产业体系.为此,应从规划入手,通过增加农业建设投入,创新农业产业组织体系,深化农业公共行政部门改革等措施,促进农业产业模式的有效转型.  相似文献   

9.
随着社会经济的发展与科技普及度的提升,共享经济迎来了巨大的发展.网络的无线连接性为经济共享提供了充足的途径.搭着共享经济的东风,越来越多的共享模式被开发出来,形势一片大好.但在发展日新月异的今天,共享经济可持续性如何呢?  相似文献   

10.
城市化对全球可持续发展和自然资源提出了巨大挑战.在气候变化背景下,碳约束日益增加,固存碳能力成为可持续发展的重要资源.然而,从碳循环的角度来评价当地城市化过程中的城市可持续性仍然缺乏一个综合的方法.本文提出了一种理解可持续发展的新思路,即假设碳平衡状态与低碳管理和可持续发展密切相关.因此,从碳平衡的角度看低碳发展有助于...  相似文献   

11.
    
Increased environmental and social responsibility awareness, while producing unique opportunities for sustainability-oriented innovations, has generated important challenges for companies. The path to sustainability requires corporate strategies that guarantee profitability, managing simultaneously environmental and social responsibilities. An attempt is made to provide an understanding of sustainable development thinking in business, discussing how the combination of the transition management, adaptive planning and sociotechnical approaches can contribute towards an effective implementation of sustainability-oriented innovations in business context. The article proposes a conceptual model, which incorporates this contribution, developed through a four-year action-research project carried out within a large Brazilian energy company – Petrobras. The authors argue that the adoption of the proposed model by other large firms operating in different societal sectors might trigger organisational changes related to current corporate practices of technological innovation management.  相似文献   

12.
An integrated framework for the analysis of sustainable innovation policy was developed, based on a combination of the transition management (TM) framework, the strategic niche management approach, and policy recommendations, resulting from technological innovation system (TIS) studies. In the framework, the multi-level view from TM has been integrated with the functions approach from the TIS literature. The integrated policy framework shows that specific policy goals and measures can be found at the specific points of intervention related to (the interfaces between) landscape, regime, TIS and niches. The integrated framework suggests that stimulation of a TIS only makes sense when this action is well aligned with landscape and regime developments. The framework should be used in empirical studies for further testing and refinement.  相似文献   

13.
两种视角下的管理复杂性简化   总被引:2,自引:0,他引:2  
当前复杂动态管理环境下,管理复杂性问题日益突出。简化是处理管理复杂性的一种基本思路。探讨了简单性视角和复杂性视角下的复杂性简化问题。不同视角下简化方法具有不同的特点和适用性,但又存在着彼此的联系。  相似文献   

14.
    
New product development (NPD) programmes are increasingly complex and difficult to manage. The consequences of poorly managed development complexity can be highly visible and even lead to project failure. To effectively screen new product proposals and manage NPD projects more efficiently, NPD teams need to be equipped with the capacity to identify development complexity and possess the knowledge to manage it. Unfortunately, there have been few studies which specifically illuminate the challenges and experiences product developers face in dealing with complexity. Our research attempts to help fill this gap. Our study is based on exploratory field interviews with 32 project leaders and team members. We first focus on identifying the specific complexity issues encountered in NPD. We then identify what NPD teams actually do to minimise the potential adverse consequences of complexity. Finally, we examine whether a company's development process reduces or increases the complexities NPD teams encounter. Based upon our research, we present our results and conclude by offering several recommendations for complexity management as well as suggestions for future research.  相似文献   

15.
西部开发是我国在二十一世纪的一项战略性经济政策。我国西部地区生态环境相当脆弱,发展与保护的矛盾突出,在发展经济的同时,如何实现生态环境的有效保护,以及选择怎样的资源开发与利用途径成为十分突出的问题。本文分析了非洲野生物种资源保护策略由失败到成功的经验,认为发展与保护的矛盾实际上正源于二者之间的联系,进而提出一种与经济发展紧密结合的可持续的保护机制。  相似文献   

16.
This empirical study presents a combination of insights from corporate sustainability practices, supply chain management, and innovation literature, and a case study to discover new understandings on factors influencing firms to incorporate sustainable innovation initiatives into their supply chain practices. There is an apparent lack of literature in this field due to its modernity and evolving nature. Also, there is a lack of insights into how firms could translate sustainable innovation initiatives into practice. This study addresses this gap by examining a successful glass recycling company through the lenses of sustainable innovation context and the Global Reporting Initiative G3 Guideline framework. Primary data are collected through observations and in-depth interview before it is coded and analysed using nVivo. The findings show that sustainable innovation practices are mainly directed at improving the technological processes, resource sharing, and reduction of production cost among supply chain partners. A conceptual sustainable innovation framework is also proposed. This study contributes to sustainable innovation literature by providing insights into the evaluation of a firm's innovative sustainability efforts.  相似文献   

17.
    
This paper makes three contributions to the field of transition research. First, it sheds light on how the concept of translation can contribute to a better understanding of agency in niche development. Second, it articulates how the local–global distinction in the strategic niche management (SNM) approach relates to the levels in the multi-level perspective. Third, the article is empirically novel by presenting a radical sustainable innovation in Dutch water management (‘New Rivers’).  相似文献   

18.
首先构建了企业知识管理的递阶层面;然后,以复杂适应系统为理论基点,阐述了层面分析范式的概念模型。研究表明,该分析范式能够更好地分析与描述企业知识管理这一复杂系统运作、创新、学习和适应等行为的本质。  相似文献   

19.
Mangrove ecosystems are rapidly declining in many parts of the world. This has resulted in the loss of important environmental and economic products and services including forest products, flood mitigation and nursery grounds for fish. The aquaculture industry was the single biggest threat to mangroves in the Philippines until 1981 when conversion of the remaining mangrove stands was prohibited by law. However, the decreasing yield from capture fisheries is putting pressure for the re-examination of this policy. To understand the importance of mangroves, insight is needed into the value of products and services provided is needed. This article compares the costs and benefits of mangrove preservation with those generated by alternative uses such as aquaculture and forestry. Equity and sustainability objectives are taken into account, in addition to economic efficiency and analyzed according to the perspectives of the different types of decision makers involved.  相似文献   

20.
张勇 《经济管理》2007,(19):47-49
本文结合和谐管理理论的基本思想,分析了和谐整合的必要性,引入和谐度的概念,并对其设定适应性、明确性、匹配性三个指标,在此基础上提出了企业并购后的和谐整合模式,以期能为企业并购整合提供借鉴。  相似文献   

设为首页 | 免责声明 | 关于勤云 | 加入收藏

Copyright©北京勤云科技发展有限公司  京ICP备09084417号