Was there a Portfolio Effect of the Micro-economic Leverage ？ Some Empirical Evidence from the Chinese Stock Market

The study is on a linear model of the relationship between the systematic risk and the micro-economic leverage and analyzed the data from the steel, energy source and chemical fibre industry listed companies in the Chinese stock market in 2002 and 2001. Using the linear regression method, empirical equations were found. The portfolio effect was shown so that some empirical evidence had been found to support the micro-economic leverage portfolio effect theory, which was that the listed companies balanced the operating and financial leverage to minimize the systematic risk.     

Disposition Effect and Tolerance to Losses in Stock Investment Decisions: An Experimental Study

This study aims to verify whether people tolerate losses within the self-established limit through an experimental methodological procedure. In addition, it aims to analyze the decision behavior in terms of the time they take to realize gains and losses, as a way to test the manifestation of the disposition effect. The experiment consists in decision to sell stock from 4 companies, 2 with potentially negative returns and 2 with positive returns. The participants demonstrated that they accept more losses than they had attested they would bear in advance and manifested the typical disposition effect, under which people sell the winning stock earlier than the losing stock. There was no difference between men and women in the manifestation of the disposition effect, and women performed worse because they had established lower bearable losses and higher required gains in advance.     

Does High Stock Price Synchronicity Always Hurt Mutual Fund Industry? Sentiment Matters

Investors have agreed that high synchronicity of stock returns adversely influences professional funds' profitability. However, different market conditions where high synchronicity exists may have different effects on this relationship. This study incorporates aggregate investor sentiment as a market condition in the equation to explore whether and when the negative association between synchronicity and fund performance holds. The authors use a sample of actively managed U.S. equity mutual funds from 2000 to 2014 and employ a portfolio of 11 passively managed funds as the benchmark to measure fund performance and fund management skill. They find empirical evidence that synchronicity negatively impacts mutual funds' profitability when the investor sentiment is low. This negative relationship disappears in high-sentiment periods. They also find that in both low- and high-sentiment states, fund managers with superior stock selection skill make more profits from high synchronicity than the average.     

我国基金管理模式的比较研究

文章选用中国证券市场自开放式基金发行以来的全部股票型开放式基金数据,对我国基金管理模式进行了对比研究,报告了不同基金管理模式下的基金业绩和风险的差异。实证结果表明：团队管理的基金业绩要差于单一经理管理的基金,团队的业绩与基金管理团队成员的数量非线性相关,尤其是两名经理管理时基金业绩更差。不同背景的经理加入,给团队业绩带来的是负面的影响。基金团队管理并不会直接增加基金的风险行为,团队管理的基金有更低的换手率,能够吸引更多的资金流入,管理的规模也更大。最后在文章实证研究结果的基础上提出未来我国基金管理公司在设置团队管理模式时,应体现惩罚与激励相结合的思想的建议,更好地实现团队管理模式推出的初衷。     

Intangible capital,corporate valuation and asset pricing

Recent studies have found unmeasured intangible capital to be large and important. In this paper we observe that by nature intangible capital is also very different from physical capital. We find it plausible to argue that the accumulation process for intangible capital differs significantly from the process by which physical capital accumulates. We study the implications of this hypothesis for rational firm valuation and asset pricing using a two-sector general equilibrium model. Our main finding is that the properties of firm valuation and stock prices are very dependent on the assumed accumulation process for intangible capital. If one entertains the possibility that intangible investments translates into capital stochastically, we find that plausible levels of macroeconomic volatility are compatible with highly variable corporate valuations, P/E ratios and stock returns. We thank Ellen McGrattan, Edward Prescott, Rene Stulz and an anonymous referee for their helpful comments as well as workshop participants at FAME, the 5th Conference of the Swiss Society for Financial Market Research, the European Central Bank, Columbia Business School Finance Free Lunch and the University of Zürich. This research has benefited from financial support from the National Center for Competence in Research “Financial Valuation and Risk Management”. The National Centers of Competence in Research are managed by the Swiss National Science Foundation on behalf of the Federal Authorities.     

我国证券投资基金总体绩效的实证分析——基于总业绩评价理论

本文基于2007-2010年间数据,对我国开放式证券投资基金中的股票型基金、混合型基金和债券型基金的总体绩效进行了比较实证分析.研究发现:各股票基金的业绩表现极不均衡,基金经理的选股能力参差不齐,但选股能力或者择时能力有了明显的提高;各混合型基金的绩效分布都较为接近正态分布;我国债券型基金的业绩表现基本稳定,并没有随着股票市场的大起大落而表现出明显的好与差,其风险收益均大于与市场同风险的投资组合的风险收益,但是这种优势并不太明显.     

Disposition Effect and Diminishing Sensitivity: An Analysis Based on a Simulated Experimental Stock Market

The authors experimentally investigate the existence of the disposition effect and its relationship with diminishing sensitivity. Their approach includes 3 key characteristics: (i) an environment closely resembling actual stock markets, (ii) individual-specific reference prices, and (iii) a direct test of diminishing sensitivity as a correlate of the disposition effect. They find strong support for the existence of the disposition effect as an independent hypothesis. This is an improvement over previous studies, which tested this hypothesis only jointly with others. The authors' results also strongly point to diminishing sensitivity, of the type postulated by prospect theory, being positively associated with the disposition effect.     

The instantaneous capital market line

Summary. We show that if the intercept and slope of the instantaneous capital market line are deterministic, then investors will not hold any hedge portfolios in the sense of Merton [9, 11]. They will choose portfolios that plot on the capital market line, and they will slide up and down the capital market line over time as their wealth and risk tolerance change. This result allows us to aggregate over investors and derive a single factor CAPM where the first and second moments of security returns may change stochastically over time and markets are potentially incomplete.Received: 21 June 2004, Revised: 10 December 2004, JEL Classification Numbers: G11, G12.An earlier version of this paper was presented at the Econometric Society Meeting in Pasadena (1997) under the title “Portfolio selection and asset pricing with dynamically incomplete markets and time-varying first and second moments”.     

中国股票市场个体投资者\"处置效应\"的实证研究

利用中国个体投资者交易帐户的交易数据,本文对中国股票市场个体投资者\"处置效应\"进行了实证分析,并考察了中国股票市场是否存在\"十二月效应\"对\"处置效应\"的影响.依据情绪影响投资者决策的心理学结论,本文进一步分析了在不同的市场态势下,个体投资者\"处置效应\"的特征.本文研究表明,中国个体投资者存在显著的\"处置效应\",并在不同市场态势下表现出不同的特征,十二月份存在\"反处置效应\"现象.     

Information acquisition and mutual funds

We study the formation of mutual funds by generalizing the standard competitive noisy rational expectations framework. In our model, informed agents set up mutual funds as a means of selling their private information to uninformed agents. We study the case of imperfect competition among fund managers, where uninformed agents invest simultaneously in multiple mutual funds. The size of the assets under management in the mutual fund industry is determined by endogenizing the agents' information acquisition decisions. Our model yields novel predictions on the informativeness of price, the optimal fees of mutual funds, and the equilibrium risk premium. In particular, we show that a sufficiently competitive mutual fund sector yields more informative prices and a lower equity risk premium.     

公募基金绩效能力的实证分析——引入2013年最新“风波”事件

对于基金经理人,市场收益择时能力和波动择时能力是一个决定性的因素。随着公募基金越来越受关注,如何专业而又科学的对公募基金的绩效进行评价和衡量则成为很多投资者最为关注的问题。这篇文章将深入研究中国基金从2006年1月1日到2010年12月13日期间公募基金的市场择时能力和波动择时能力的联合效益,通过构建市场波动模型(Busse,1999)和联合效益模型(Chen和Liang,2006)来分析时序数据,并对基金的市场表现进行理论与现实的分析。     

Do mutual fund flows affect the French corporate bond market?

We study whether investors’ withdrawals from mutual funds affect corporate bond prices. As mutual funds have become major players in the financial markets, they are likely to exert downward pressures on asset prices when facing investors’ redemptions, particularly in the less liquid markets such as corporate bonds. We use a novel dataset on the French bond funds and show that both flows in and out of mutual funds lead to a significant effect on the corporate bond yields. This effect is asymmetric as redemptions provoke a change in yields of greater magnitude than inflows. Moreover, all corporate bonds are not equally affected by investors’ withdrawals from funds: The more a bond is detained by funds, the higher the impact of redemptions on its yield. These three results are robust to various changes in econometric specifications.     

Dividend-Driven Trading Strategies: Evidence from the Warsaw Stock Exchange

This study presents an analysis of dividend-driven trading strategies based on dividend yield growth effects in the Polish stock market in the years 1994–2004. Results indicate that the dividend yield growth portfolios were capable of beating the market in the entire sample period. Their performance, however, was not consistent over time and the highest returns were obtained during final years. Empirical findings based on the analysis of different types of portfolios demonstrate the importance of dividends as a source of significant fundamental information items from stock market companies. At the same time, they show that a dividend investment strategy for the Polish stock market is most successful when the selection of stocks for the dividend yield growth portfolios is subject to further restrictions, most notably concerning company size.

品牌资产存量价值变动的前因机制研究——基于品牌形象的中介效应

从消费者视角而论,品牌资产存量价值变动的前因机制是一个理论黑箱。基于品牌形象的中介效应,通过调查问卷采集样本数据和采用多元回归分析方法对该理论黑箱进行了探索,发现社会舆论和消费体验是显著导致品牌资产存量价值发生变动的两个基本前因要素,它们影响品牌资产存量价值变动的具体路径为:社会舆论因素一方面直接对品牌资产存量价值变动产生影响,另一方面通过品牌形象的诚信维度、名望维度和物有所值维度的部分中介效应来间接对品牌资产存量价值变动产生影响;消费体验因素则通过品牌形象的物有所值维度的完全中介效应间接对品牌资产存量价值变动产生影响。研究结果表明企业应重视品牌形象的中介效应并通过社会舆论、消费体验这两个路径来防范品牌资产的消散和促进品牌资产的保值、增值。     

Evidence of a stock market wealth effect using household level data

Using the household level data of urban households in Korea, this paper presents evidence for a statistically significant stock market wealth effect for the highest income bracket households who typically hold a large share of corporate stock.     

中国开放式基金选时和选股能力的实证分析

开放式基金的绩效评价是基金研究领域备受关注的课题,对选股和选时能力的分析是其中的一个重要方面。T—M、H—M和C—L模型是评价选时和选股能力的三个经典模型,本文在此基础上得到T—M—FF3模型,通过选取6年中14只开放式基金的数据,进行了实证分析,并对模型设定予以改进和探讨。结果表明,我国开放式基金具有较强选股能力但选时能力不显著,说明我国基金管理行业的专业水平能够为投资者带来超额收益。建议从通过完善市场制度以及加强基金业人才培养两方面加强基金行业的建设,以增强基金的择时能力。     

焦点企业知识存量对联盟组合分裂断层的影响：知识转移效率的中介作用

运用断层理论,从知识获取和关系治理角度,分析焦点企业知识存量如何影响联盟组合分裂断层及分裂断层形成机理。基于焦点企业知识存量、分裂断层、知识转移效率、情景嵌入性之间的关系理论模型框架,认为焦点企业知识存量能够影响联盟组合分裂断层,其中,知识转移效率在这一过程中发挥中介效应,情景嵌入性发挥调节效应。结果发现：焦点企业知识存量与分裂断层之间存在显著负相关关系;知识转移效率能够部分中介焦点企业知识存量与分裂断层之间的关系;情景嵌入性能够正向调节焦点企业知识存量与知识转移效率之间的关系。