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1.
在对铸造、纺织、机床、汽车零件、聚合物、软件6个产业的企业和科技机构调查的基础上,就科技机构和政府政策在促进企业的技术进步中的作用进行了国际比较分析。中国、日本、韩国、印度、墨西哥、中国台湾省的调查都显示,科技机构和政府的财政、税收、信贷、培训等政策措施在促进企业的技术发展中起着十分重要的作用。但在不同的国家和地区,特点和效果有所不同。机构的改革和政策的调整是较为普遍的趋势。  相似文献   

2.
在新科技革命和产业革命迅猛发展、国际经济格局深度调整的背景下,一国科技战略与政策愈来愈明显地表达出国家竞争战略的意志。同为金砖五国中的两支重要力量,中国与印度两国的科技创新战略与政策一直备受关注。以印度《2013科学、技术和创新政策》与中国《国家创新驱动发展战略纲要》为例,运用比较研究的方法分析二者异同点,发现其均是全球科技产业变革的产物,且将科学技术产业化和人力资源建设作为政策的核心内容;但在发展程度上中国的科技创新政策总体领先于印度,而印度的包容性创新理念也值得中国借鉴。最后,有针对性地从民生建设、人才培养、产业集聚等方面提出了有利于完善中国特色科技创新战略与政策的对策建议。  相似文献   

3.
Despite the international status of China and India rising dramatically in the previous decades, trade between the two countries did not grow accordingly. This paper investigates the determinants of the bilateral trade performance during the period of 2008–2012 from two perspectives: comparative advantage and trade protection. Two cases, Chinese exports to India, and Indian exports to China, are analyzed by using product‐level data. The results suggest that (1) the law of comparative advantage and trade protection explain the pattern of China–India trade, while (2) in a time of crisis, the adverse forces become prominent which explains the declining trend of the bilateral trade. (JEL F13, F14)  相似文献   

4.
国际社会长期将中印两国看作一对(counterparts)或孪生兄弟(twins),并将中印关系描述为竞争或竞赛的关系。印度人也大都喜欢处处与中国攀比或对比,不少人将中国看作超越的对象,也有印度人将中国看作对手并心存嫉妒;不过,在印度也有不少有识之士对中国评价相当积极并主张对华友好。印度人对中国的态度是复杂的,甚至是矛盾的,有点爱恨交织。这是一种“中国情结”或“心结”。印度人尽管非常关注中国,但对中国的了解也相当有限。随着两国相互交往的加深,这种局面将会有所改变。两国长期友好将是大势所趋。  相似文献   

5.
从科研生产力、科研影响力、科研创新力和科研发展力4个方面,对中国、俄罗斯、印度和巴西这4个新兴经济体(简称"金砖"四国)的科技表现进行了分析。  相似文献   

6.
叶敏 《经济与管理》2011,25(11):10-13
中国和印度作为两个较大的发展中国家,具有很多共同点,但在对外贸易上存在很大的差异。研究中国和印度对外贸易上的表现,结果发现:两个国家近年来都有较高的外贸依存度,但中国在世界出口中的比重不断上升,而印度在世界出口中所占的比重很小且保持不变;两个国家的贸易在很大程度上是产业内贸易,中国比印度出口更多复杂和精细的产品。中印两国贸易模式存在差异的主要原因是,中国较早注意利用劳动力资源禀赋发展加工贸易,印度对于外向型经济的相关政策出台较晚。  相似文献   

7.
李轲 《中国经济评论》2007,7(10):8-10,28
中国和印度自开放以来,经济发展迅速,咸了亚洲乃至世界经济增长的火车头。目前是全球经济增长最快的两个国家,两国国情有许多相似之处,但两国经济发展又有各自不同的轨迹。因此,对两国追行宏观对比,意义重大。本文认为,中印两国只有互相学习,互相借鉴,取长补短,方能实现强国之梦。  相似文献   

8.
The remarkable economic transformations in China and India in recent decades have been accompanied by almost equally remarkable different development patterns. For example, the empirical data during 1985–2004 show that, compared with India, China’s economy has exhibited (i) considerably higher rates of physical capital formation; (ii) much higher ratios of measured physical to human capital; and (iii) a more physical-capital-friendly public policy. Motivated by these empirical observations, we study the accumulation of both physical and human capital in a one-sector growth model with a CES production function. After deriving some qualitative implications from the model, we estimate the key technological parameters of the normalized CES production function using the panel data at the provincial level for China and at the state level for India. Our estimation results suggest that our model implications match broadly with the above stylized development patterns regarding China and India.  相似文献   

9.
China's economy and technology have experienced astounding growth in the last two decades. The OECD 2005 reports show that China has overtaken the USA to become the world's largest exporter of information and communications technology goods. In order to assess the progress China has made in technology development, this study examines the inventive activities in China and the pattern of international collaborations between China and other major industrialized countries or regions. This study analyzes the patent data from the United States Patent and Trademark Office (USPTO) focusing on joint patent application between China and the eight most inventive OECD countries and two Asian economic entities (South Korea and Taiwan). The results reveal increasing collaborations in inventive activities between China and other major inventive countries over the past decade, and suggest that China's technology capability may have begun to boom along with its fast economic growth.  相似文献   

10.
The growing U.S. R&D internationalization has historically been concentrated in developed countries. However, in the past few decades, the internationalization has moved toward less‐developed countries (LDCs), particularly Brazil, China, and India. What location factors are making some LDCs more “inviting” for U.S. R&D offshore? To answer this first question, we constructed a panel data using secondary data from the U.S. Bureau of Economic Analysis regarding the R&D investment made by the majority‐owned foreign affiliates of U.S. parent companies in 71 countries. We then applied a Heckman two‐step correction for selection bias test. The results highlight some important differences between developed countries’ and LDCs’ attractiveness. Based on these initial results, we conducted a detailed analysis of the determinants of U.S. R&D investments in Brazil, China, and India, which revealed that China’s determinants mostly match those found in more developed countries.  相似文献   

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