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1.
研究生创新能力培养是中国研究生教育的核心,培养大批具有创新意识和创新能力的高层次人才是中国研究生教育的根本目标。在分析中国研究生创新能力培养现状的基础上,借鉴美国研究生创新能力培养的教学经验,从导师队伍建设、研究生课程体系和教学方法的完善以及研究生能力评价方面探索研究生教学改革,推行创新教育,提高中国研究生的创新能力。  相似文献   

2.
加强林业院校化学学科研究生创新能力培养,要改革研究生招生模式,严把生源质量关;完善研究生创新课程体系,建立新型培养模式;健全研究生的创新体制,加强创新管理;将科学研究与研究生创新意识和创新能力的培养紧密结合;加强导师队伍建设;建立多层次、全方位的研究生奖助体系;加强国际合作与交流。。  相似文献   

3.
《经济师》2019,(3)
为了更好满足经济发展的需求,对研究生专业人才的培养提出了更高的标准,而创新能力的培养成为研究生教育的核心内容,针对当前我国高校文科研究生创新能力薄弱的现状,从研究生自身创新能力发展、导师队伍建设、学习环境要求以及教学方式的改革等方面提出一些建议,希望对研究生的教育培养创新等工作有着积极的实效。培养研究生的创新能力,锻炼研究生的创新思维,提高研究生的创新意识。  相似文献   

4.
导师队伍建设是提高研究生培养质量的重要保障,当前中国研究生导师队伍建设中存在诸多问题,需要从制度上进行创新,从导师队伍建设的遴选机制、岗位责任机制、动态管理机制、量化考核机制、梯队建设机制等五个方面论述了导师队伍机制创新。  相似文献   

5.
刘凤伟  刘贺凯 《经济师》2023,(2):18-20+22
传统的研究生教育理念和教学方式难以有效提升研究生的创新能力。文章借鉴成果导向教育(OBE)的教学理念和教学方式,以提高经管类研究生的创新能力为核心,从培养目标、教学内容和方式、考核评价体系三个方面提出了改革经管类研究生培养方案的思路,并从提升研究生创新意识、发挥导师的“传帮带”作用和营造创新环境三个方面提出了相应的保障措施。  相似文献   

6.
农业水土工程学科研究生创新能力不足成因分析   总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1  
创新能力培养是研究生教育的核心环节。结合农业水土工程学科研究生创新能力培养的实践,从学校层面、导师层面、学生层面等方面对研究生创新能力不足的成因进行了分析,旨在为农业院校农业水土工程学科研究生创新能力培养提供帮助。  相似文献   

7.
高明  戴晓琳 《新经济》2014,(17):7-8
社会思潮对当代研究生的思想和生活产生着深刻的影响。研究生创新能力的培养也受各类社会思潮的制约。非理性主义对研究生的思维方式和行为方式产生很大的影响,进而影响到研究生创新能力的培养。在研究生创新能力培养的过程中,需要有针对性地分析、批判非理性主义思潮,有组织地开展社会实践,帮助研究生提高创新精神、创新意识、创新能力。  相似文献   

8.
为适应我国经济社会发展需要,国家加大对专业学位研究生的培养力度,专业学位研究生招生数量有了突飞猛进的发展。当前,专业学位培养存在一些问题,如入学方式过于单一、专业学位研究生培养缺乏自身特色、导师师资力量不足、论文内容偏重学术性研究等。提高专业学位研究生的培养质量和竞争力,需要在原有培养机制上做出科学合理的改革和创新,建构专业学位研究生培养质量监控体系成为当务之急。  相似文献   

9.
研究生教育是一个国家最高层次的教育,研究生科研创新能力的培养是研究生培养的主要目标。本文在目前研究生大规模扩招和实施“研究生创新工程”的矛盾背景下,立足于提高研究生科研项目的科研绩效,研究了在目前研究生教育面临的新形势下,基于对高校研究生科研创新项目团队基本特征的分析,针对其固有特性,构建了高校研究生科研创新项目团队管理的新模式。  相似文献   

10.
毛琪 《经济研究导刊》2009,(20):264-265
科学发展观视阈下研究生教育发展具有丰富的内涵,赋予研究生教育全新的发展理念。应从培养质量、培养目标和模式、导师队伍建设、教育基础设施建设、研究生教育协调发展等方面来推进我国研究生教育的发展。  相似文献   

11.
John Stuart Mill has traditionally been portrayed as self-contradictory and failing to construct a unified social theory. Recent scholarship, however, has challenged this view, finding Mill's work to be creatively synthetic in bridging the antinomies inherent in liberal democratic thought. This revisionist interpretation of Mill is advanced by an understanding of his theory of justice and its role in shaping his policy positions on issues such as welfare, education, voting rights, property rights, taxation, government intervention, and the future of capitalism.  相似文献   

12.
Arik Hesseldahl In the aftermath of the September 11 attacks, U.S. officials quickly turned their attention to other potential targets, including California's Golden Gate Bridge. What would happen if terrorists took down the bridge between San Francisco and Marin County? How much of the region would be affected and for how long?  相似文献   

13.
Abstract

The purpose of this paper is to introduce explicitly pleasure and belief in what aims at being a Humean theory of decision, like the one developed in Diaye and Lapidus (2005a). Although we support the idea that Hume was in some way a hedonist – evidently different from Bentham's or Jevons' way – we lay emphasis less on continuity than on the specific kind of hedonism encountered in Hume's writings (chiefly the Treatise, the second Enquiry, the Dissertation, or some of his Essays). Such hedonism clearly contrasts to its standard modern inheritance, expressed by the relation between preferences and utility.

The reason for such a difference with the usual approach lies in the mental process that Hume puts to the fore in order to explain the way pleasure determines desires and volition. Whereas pleasure is primarily, in Hume's words, an impression of sensation, it takes place in the birth of passions as reflecting an idea of pleasure, whose “force and vivacity” is precisely a “belief”, transferred to the direct passions of desire or volition that come immediately before action. As a result, from a Humean point of view, “belief” deals with decision under risk or uncertainty, as well as with intertemporal decision and indiscrimination problems.

The latter are explored within a formal framework, and it is shown that the relation of pleasure is transformed by belief into a non-empty class of relations of desire, among which at least one is a preorder.  相似文献   

14.
This article seeks to evaluate the appropriateness of a variety of existing forecasting techniques (17 methods) at providing accurate and statistically significant forecasts for gold price. We report the results from the nine most competitive techniques. Special consideration is given to the ability of these techniques to provide forecasts which outperforms the random walk (RW) as we noticed that certain multivariate models (which included prices of silver, platinum, palladium and rhodium, besides gold) were also unable to outperform the RW in this case. Interestingly, the results show that none of the forecasting techniques are able to outperform the RW at horizons of 1 and 9 steps ahead, and on average, the exponential smoothing model is seen providing the best forecasts in terms of the lowest root mean squared error over the 24-month forecasting horizons. Moreover, we find that the univariate models used in this article are able to outperform the Bayesian autoregression and Bayesian vector autoregressive models, with exponential smoothing reporting statistically significant results in comparison with the former models, and classical autoregressive and the vector autoregressive models in most cases.  相似文献   

15.
中国拥有世界五分之一强的人口 ,收入又在迅速增长。因此 ,国际上很自然地会考虑或推测她在今后的几十年是否有能力养活自己。中国的人口预计将从 2 0 0 0年的 1 2 8亿增长到 2 0 2 0年的 1 4 6亿 ,和 2 0 3 0年的 1 4 9亿。与此同时 ,人均收入的增长将导致对家畜和鱼类产品更大的需求 ,因而对饲料的需求也将有很大的增长  相似文献   

16.
In principle, we want regulatory programs to be based on current realities, as reflected for example in the best knowledge of relevant experts. That would imply that old rules now on the books should be consistent with today's knowledge base, not just what was known when a rule or standard was originally set. This paper reports on a survey of US programs, examining how often existing rules are actually updated in light of better knowledge, and identifies five programs that attempt to make policy routinely adaptive. These programs exhibit what we term Planned Adaptation: they both revise rules when relevant new knowledge appears, and take steps to produce such improved knowledge. While Planned Adaptation is rare, it is used in several nationally prominent programs, including air pollution, airplane safety, and drug safety. Planned Adaptation is a policy tool that deserves more attention.  相似文献   

17.
Synopsis Classification is an important activity that facilitates theory development in many academic disciplines. Scholars in fields such as organizational science, management science and economics and have long recognized that classification offers an approach for ordering and understanding the diversity of organizational taxa (groups of one or more similar organizational entities). However, even the most prominent organizational classifications have limited utility, as they tend to be shaped by a specific research bias, inadequate units of analysis and a standard neoclassical economic view that does not naturally accommodate the disequilibrium dynamics of modern competition. The result is a relatively large number of individual and unconnected organizational classifications, which tend to ignore the processes of change responsible for organizational diversity. Collectively they fail to provide any sort of universal system for ordering, compiling and presenting knowledge on organizational diversity. This paper has two purposes. First, it reviews the general status of the major theoretical approaches to biological and organizational classification and compares the methods and resulting classifications derived from each approach. Definitions of key terms and a discussion on the three principal schools of biological classification (evolutionary systematics, phenetics and cladistics) are included in this review. Second, this paper aims to encourage critical thinking and debate about the use of the cladistic classification approach for inferring and representing the historical relationships underpinning organizational diversity. This involves examining the feasibility of applying the logic of common ancestry to populations of organizations. Consequently, this paper is exploratory and preparatory in style, with illustrations and assertions concerning the study and classification of organizational diversity.  相似文献   

18.
19.
Neoliberal political movements advocate privatization of public pension systems. Globalization imposes pressure on nations to conform to neoliberal policy views with respect to the design and structure of social insurance, including public pension systems. The paper begins with an investigation of the economic, ethical and ideological dimensions of the privatization debates in the U.S.; it argues that privatization advocates may be largely moved by ideology, since the other reasons advanced appear weak or unfounded. The second part discusses the history of Social Security, the purposes for its creation, and some of its economic effects. Differences between public and private pension systems are considered. A brief international comparison of some aspects of public pension system finance and benefit structures is presented. The final section considers the ethical, macroeconomic and distributional implications of privatization, prefunding and payroll tax funding, and argues for a pay as you go system financed with income taxes. In order to promote equity, economic security, community, and social cohesion, public pension systems should be universal in coverage. In order to reduce the inequality, income insecurity, and aged poverty generated by market economies, public pension systems ought to be progressive: benefit/contribution ratios should be inversely proportional to income, and progressive income taxes should finance the system. To promote economic growth, the systems should be financed on a pay-as-you-go basis, and should not be prefunded except for an emergency reserve. The fiscal policy recommendations partially depend upon the theory developed by Abba Lerner in the 1940s, and recently advanced by Wynne Godley and Randy Wray: Lerner's “principle of functional finance.”  相似文献   

20.
Although he was much influenced by David Ricardo when he wrote the classical part of his Principles , John Stuart Mill was not a Ricardian when he penned his theories of wealth and distribution. They are based on a triple foundation. First, a belief that economics is a moral discipline. Second a theory of custom-driven human behavior. Third, an empirically formed conviction that the institutions of state, education and business cooperate to structure the distribution of income. On the basis of these presuppositions, Mill formulated 1) an institutional theory of the formation of human and non-human wealth and 2) an even more institutional theory of distribution demonstrating how the aforementioned institutions malignantly skew the distribution of income to the advantage of the propertied classes and to the extreme disadvantage of the working class. As a social economist, Mill recommended institutional reforms designed to eradicate the poverty of the working class.  相似文献   

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