Austrian Economics as a Progressive Paradigm: Explaining More Complex Economic Phenomena

This article examines two major issues of Austrian economics. The first is the alleged superiority of Austrian over neoclassical economics. The second is the capacity of Austrian economics to support new theoretical research. The analysis shows that Austrian economics has the widest domain of validity for explaining economic phenomena. It is also shown that Austrian economics has a progressive theoretical character due to the fact that there exist a number of analytical phenomena that Austrian economics cannot explain in its present state but that may be explained by means of a leap with continuity from Austrian anthropological presuppositions.     

Large scale infrastructure investment and economic performance – a case study of Oresund

We analyse the effect of a large scale infrastructure investment, namely the construction of the Oresund bridge, on the local and supra-regional economy. We employ the synthetic control method to construct counterfactual regions that mimic the trajectory of Malmo and Southern Sweden without treatment. Our results point to a positive effect. However, placebo tests in space and time only reveal statistical significance at a larger regional level. The results suggest that spillover effects are eminent.     

浅析印度气候变化国家行动计划

2008年6月30日,印度政府颁布了“气候变化国家行动计划”。这立即引起国际社会的关注。本文分析了该计划出台的背景,对计划的主要内容进行了提炼和解读。     

城市绿色游憩空间规划的问题与对策研究

我国城市绿色游憩空间规划存在的问题是:缺少鲜明的地域特色;空间利用不够充分;缺乏合理规划;空间功能单一,人性化设施不足。对策是:注重城市绿色游憩空间的地域特色建设;加强城市绿色游憩空间的利用;体现城市绿色空间规划的“人文关怀”;协调环境保护与利用之间的关系。     

Single currency and fiscal performance: the early Euro Area in perspective

We examine how exchange rate regimes affect fiscal discipline by investigating European countries as they transitioned from flexible to fully fixed exchange rates under the Euro. We apply the synthetic control method to estimate, for each Eurozone country, its counterfactual budget stance under flexible rates. Our evidence strongly suggests that fixing exchange rates negatively impacted negatively fiscal discipline. However, effects were not homogeneous, as they were mediated by political factors. For example, countries where policymakers faced a longer political horizon and operated within a more cohesive political environment, managed to perform better in terms of fiscal discipline.     

循环经济:构建绿色煤炭工业体系的必然选择

绿色煤炭工业是以煤炭资源节约和环境友好为核心,以实现煤炭工业与社会、环境的和谐发展为目标的新型煤炭工业,其关键是实现煤炭资源的绿色开采、清洁生产和无污染使用.循环经济作为一种实践可持续发展理念的新的经济发展模式,是构建绿色煤炭工业体系的,必然选择.     

碳排放权交易、损益偏离与绿色经济效率关系研究

\"双碳\"目标展现了中国作为负责任的大国,对建设人类命运共同体的担当,碳排放权交易是实现这一目标的重要途径,但其对地区经济与环境的双重影响依然有待检验。结合1997—2017年中国省级数据,采用包含非期望产出的SBM-DEA模型测度地区绿色经济效率,以碳排放权交易试点为准自然实验,运用合成控制法评估试点政策对地区绿色经济效率的影响,并采用空间计量模型从损益偏离视角展开机制检验。研究发现:碳排放权交易试点政策能够显著提升地区经济效率,运用双重差分模型和PSM-DID进行稳健性检验后,基本结论依然可靠。缓解\"收益在外,污染在内\"的损益偏离现象,是碳排放权交易试点机制提升绿色经济效率的有效途径。随后提出通过进一步完善碳排放权交易市场机制,进而推动我国绿色发展的相关政策启示。     

跨境资本流动与宏观周期研究述评

实际经济周期理论(RBC)无法解释国内偏好(Home Bias)和资产异质性(Idiosyncratic Asset)问题,因而无法全面阐释金融危机时期国际资本流动。通过大量文献将投资组合理论引入开放动态随机一般均衡(ODSGE)模型较好地解决了以上问题。与此同时,对国际资本流动的研究从一阶矩扩展到二阶矩,即由单独关注收益因素到关注收益因素并关注风险因素,构建了研究国际资本流动与经济周期波动一般性分析框架。这一新进展对于研究中国实施资本管制和构建国际资本流动管理体系具有较强的理论和现实意义。文章对以上研究成果进行了梳理,重点梳理了跨境资本流动与金融危机、周期波动的相关研究并对之进行述评。     

Optimal greenhouse gas emissions under various assessments of climate change ambiguity

The probabilities associated with global warming damage are likely to be continuously revised in the light of new information. Such revisions of probability are the defining characteristic of ambiguity, as opposed to risk. This paper examines how climate change ambiguity may affect optimal greenhouse gas emission strategies, via the decision maker's attitude towards anticipated changes of damage probabilities. Two conceptualizations of ambiguity are distinguished, according to the emphasis placed on the ambiguity of priors or on the ambiguity of news, respectively. It is shown that the way in which ambiguity is viewed and the attitude taken towards it have a substantial influence on the optimal emission trajectory.     

Climate Policy with Multiple Sources and Sinks of Greenhouse Gases

This paper studies how inclusion of many sources, sinks and reservoirs -- a comprehensive approach -- affects climate policy, compared with a control merely of CO₂. Two questions of particular importance arise in such an analysis. One is how to aggregate the emissions of different climate gases, and the other is how to include all relevant measures in the analysis. To aggregate gases properly, an intertemporal analysis should be carried out. To assure that all relevant measures are included, we suggest that certain measures to reduce emissions of greenhouse gases are specified explicitly and evaluated together with indirect measures, such as carbon charges. A numerical analysis based on an optimal control model indicates that direct measures may play an important role in the design of climate policy, especially for the control of the emissions of greenhouse gases other than CO₂. Similar to other studies of the time-path for abatement efforts, the bulk of abatement should be taken by the end of the planning period. This result is significantly strengthened if gases with short life-times in the atmosphere, such as methane, are subject to control.     

Rent Management – The Heart of Green Industrial Policy

At the heart of green industrial policy is rent management: government creating and withdrawing opportunities for profitable investment. This paper asks what the key factors are for rent management to succeed. Drawing on a range of literatures, the paper first deals with the critical success factors for ‘normal’ rent management and then turns to one of the most pressing and controversial issues of our time: how to bring about the transition to green energy. This is extra challenging because technological uncertainties are high, time horizons for investment are long, yet action is required now.     

经济危机形势下煤炭企业如何有效控制成本

在当前全球经济危机背景下,成本控制成为每个企业关注的焦点问题。受国家宏观政策和煤炭生产自身特殊性的影响,煤炭企业生产成本日益加大。成本是参与市场竞争、提高经济效益的“牛鼻子”,抓住了成本就等于抓住了市场,因此,煤炭企业要实现更好的效益,保持持续健康稳定的发展,在激烈的市场经济大潮中立于不败之地,走低成本之路成为必然的选择。     

煤矿建设工程造价控制研究

随着市场经济的发展,煤炭市场在经过黄金十年的辉煌后,受产能过剩、环境保护压力以及进口煤激增等因素影响,煤价下跌、库存增加、成本上升,整个行业陷入亏损的泥潭中。在当前的煤矿建设过程中,如何应对严峻的市场形势及时代发展潮流,以辩证发展的眼光看待煤炭工程建设造价管理工作显得尤为重要。做好煤炭建设工程造价管理工作在整个经济社会及企业发展中具有至关重要的作用与意义。