我国生产者价格和消费者价格的传导机制研究

本文运用基于向量自回归(VAR)模型的Granger因果关系检验,对我国生产者价格和消费者价格的传导机制进行分析.首先,考虑货币政策传导机制的影响,得出从长期来看,生产者价格是消费者价格的单向Granger原因;其次,运用脉冲响应函数分析,发现生产者价格是消费者价格最重要的影响因素.这可能意味着,从长期看,影响国内通货膨胀的因素供给方的作用相对要大于需求方.最后,对货币供给冲击效应进行再检验,发现产出(GDP)最先对货币供给冲击做出反应,价格水平随后做出反应,但是对价格水平的效应将持续更长时间.这与Gregory Chow等的结论是一致的.     

房地产价格的货币政策传导机制分析

货币政策传导机制是货币政策研究的焦点问题.自1998年实行住房商品化以来,房地产市场的快速发展不但为货币政策提供了新的传导渠道,也使得货币政策的传导机制变得更加复杂,货币政策实施起来难度也逐渐增大.此外,房地产市场供需两旺、房地产投资快速增长等因素造成了房地产价格的非理性上涨.     

石油价格与通货膨胀国际传导的价格影响机制

一、价格传导机制的斯堪的纳维亚模型通货膨胀的价格影响机制其实是关于最终产品的市场价格变动对国内消费者价格的直接影响以及对投入生产的成本的间接影响。其中,以原材料、燃料、动力类产品的价格传导最为典型。具体     

石油价格与通货膨胀国际传导的价格影响机制北大核心CSSCISSCI

一、价格传导机制的斯堪的纳维亚模型通货膨胀的价格影响机制其实是关于最终产品的市场价格变动对国内消费者价格的直接影响以及对投入生产的成本的间接影响。其中,以原材料、燃料、动力类产品的价格传导最为典型。具体表现为国外市场价格变化——进口商品价格变化——国内开放经济部门的成本和价格变化——国内非开放经济部门的成本和价格变化——国内一般物价水平的变化。     

浅析我国货币政策的房地产价格传导机制

近年来,中国房地产价格快速上涨对经济和社会产生了重要影响.为控制房价上涨过快,国家制定了相应的货币政策对房地产价格上涨趋势进行调控.本文主要研究如何通过货币政策传导机制影响房地产价格,从而影响实体经济,最后提出完善中国货币政策的对策和建议.     

资产价格传导机制再认识

我国的资本市场仍处于初级发展阶段,在这个大背景下货币政策与资产价格之间究竟存在着怎样的关系?充分认识资产价格的传导机制并建立符合我国实际的理论模型,将有利于政府和央行制定出更加有效的稳健的货币政策,从而使通货膨胀的发生得到预防,由此从根本上规避金融风险。     

中国房地产价格及货币政策传导机制研究

近年来,中国房地产市场的迅猛发展对国家的宏观和微观经济产生了重要影响.国家也制定了相应的货币政策引导房地产价格走势.主要研究如何通过货币政策传导机制影响房地产价格以及房地产价格如何影响实体经济,最后结合研究提出完善中国货币政策的几点建议.     

西方货币政策传导机制研究述评

本文梳理了20世纪初以来国外学术界关于货币政策信贷传导机制问题的研究文献。在此基础上指出，货币政策信贷传导的两种渠道具有内在的统一性的研究结论。     

货币政策与金融资产价格

( 1 )货币政策对金融资产价格 (特别是股票价格 )有影响 ,当投资的上升引起原材料和劳动力价格上涨时 ,扩张性货币政策的长期结果是同时引起商品物价水平和股票价格的上升 ;当投资具有规模经济效应或可以使劳动生产率显著提高时 ,扩张性货币政策的长期结果是股价的上升和物价水平的下降。因此 ,货币数量与通货膨胀的关系不仅取决于商品和服务的价格 ,而且在一定意义上取决于股市。 ( 2 )无论股市财富效应大小 ,通过货币政策刺激股票市场拉动需求的做法在长期都是不可靠的。当股市价格偏离稳态已经越来越远时 ,经济运行将是不安全的。     

Monetary policy transmission mechanisms in Serbia: evidence from the fully-fledged inflation targeting regime

This article examines the effectiveness of monetary transmission mechanisms in the Serbian economy, covering the period from January 2009 (the point at which the formal switch to the fully-fledged inflation targeting regime was made) to December 2013. The results of the recursive VAR models suggest that the exchange rate and credit channels play a major role in the monetary transmission process, whereas this is not true in the case of the interest rate channel. However, the results of the non-recursive VAR models show that the role of the exchange rate has diminished over time. On the other hand, the credit channel has become much more influential. Thus, if one of the overriding objectives of adopting the explicit inflation targeting regime is to enhance the importance of other channels apart from the exchange rate channel, which could make monetary policy more effective in achieving price and financial stability, the switch to the inflation targeting regime is justified.     

The transmission mechanism of monetary policy: Microeconomic aspects of macroeconomic issues

The article analyzes the transmission mechanism of monetary policy in light of microeconomic theory. We address the influence of microeconomic factors on the transmission of monetary policy while taking into account the contributions of conventional price formation and competition theory and heterodox microeconomic theories, including work inspired by the post Keynesians. We found a multiplicity of results regarding changes in price levels and inflation derived from shifts in demand and costs. These results challenge the conventional view, which postulates a single behavior in the circuit from changes in interest rates to demand, prices, and inflation. We conclude that microeconomic and macroeconomic aspects should be integrated to properly explain monetary policy and analyze its effects and transmission mechanism.     

The monetary transmission mechanism: evidence and implications for European Monetary Union

We provide some evidence consistent with a heterogeneous credit channel of monetary policy transmission in the European Union. Using the techniques of cointegration and Error Correction Models, we have shown that the external finance premium is one important leading indicator of real economic activity in Germany and Italy. No evidence is found for France and the UK. Therefore, a common monetary policy implemented by the European Central Bank might be transmitted in different ways across the member countries of the monetary union, thus exacerbating existing regional disparities among the member countries.     

Modeling US inflation dynamics: persistence and monetary policy regimes

This paper employs the recently developed structural stability test with multiple regime shifts and grid bootstrapping methods to model US inflation dynamics over the past half century. Our empirical results suggest that the persistence of inflation has witnessed significant declines over the most recent period of low inflation and this helps to embed a low inflation environment. The finding is robust to a variety of measures of the inflation series and offers new insight on understanding the stationarity issue of the US inflation series. The authors gratefully acknowledge the two anonymous referees for helpful comments and suggestions, which have led to substantial improvements in the paper. They also wish to thank participants at the 3rd Symposium on Econometric Theory and Applications, and seminar participants at the University of Manchester and Renmin University of China, for useful comments, with particular thanks to Denise Osborn and Jushan Bai for their constructive suggestions. Chengsi Zhang acknowledges support from the China National Social Science Research Fund, Grant No. 08CJY048.     

Price setting and the steady-state effects of inflation

This paper examines how price setting plays a key role in explaining the steady-state effects of inflation in a monopolistic competition economy with transactions-facilitating money. Three pricing variants (optimal prices, indexed prices, and unchanged prices) are introduced through a generalization of the Calvo-type setting that allows price indexation. We found that in an economy with less indexed prices, the steady-state negative impact of inflation on output is higher. Regarding welfare analysis, our results support a long-run monetary policy aimed at price stability with a close-to-zero inflation target. This finding is robust to any price setting scenario.JEL Classification: E13, E31, E50The writing of this paper commenced during the time I spent on the Research Visitors Programme 2001 of the European Central Bank and an earlier version of the paper became ECB Working Paper No. 140. I would like to thank Bennett T. McCallum, Frank Smets, and Oscar Bajo-Rubio for their valuable comments and suggestions, and the Ministerio de Ciencia y Tecnología of Spain for its financial support (Research Project 2002/00954).     

中国通货膨胀动态路径的结构性转变及其启示

This article employs recently developed unknown structural break tests to investigate intrinsic structural instability in China inflation dynamics over 1981–2007. In order to capture accurately the statistical nature of potential structural beak, we use asymptotic p-value function under the non-standard distribution condition to compute the p-values for structural change tests in the presence of nuisance parameter. Empirical results suggest that China inflation dynamics witnessed a significant structural change at the end of 1994 and the instability appears to be originated from the dynamic parameters in the underlying model. The paper discusses important policy implications of the empirical findings through impulse response analyses.      

Labor immobility and the transmission mechanism of monetary policy in a monetary union

It is believed that a common monetary policy in a monetary union will have identical effects on different countries as long as these countries have identical fundamentals. We show that, when there is specialization in production, the terms of trade react to the shock. The transmission mechanism of a monetary shock has in this case an additional channel, the terms of trade. This is the case even if state contingent assets can be traded across countries. For a reasonable parametrization, the differential on the transmission across countries is quantitatively significant when compared with the effect on the union's aggregates. Monetary shocks create cycles with higher volatility in “poor” countries than in “richer” ones.     

Forecasting UK consumer price inflation using inflation forecasts

The inflation rate is a key economic indicator for which forecasters are constantly seeking to improve the accuracy of predictions, so as to enable better macroeconomic decision making. Presented in this paper is a novel approach which seeks to exploit auxiliary information contained within inflation forecasts for developing a new and improved forecast for inflation by modeling with Multivariate Singular Spectrum Analysis (MSSA). Unlike other forecast combination techniques, the key feature of the proposed approach is its use of forecasts, i.e. data into the future, within the modeling process and extracting auxiliary information for generating a new and improved forecast. We consider real data on consumer price inflation in UK, obtained via the Office for National Statistics. A variety of parametric and nonparametric models are then used to generate univariate forecasts of inflation. Thereafter, the best univariate forecast is considered as auxiliary information within the MSSA model alongside historical data for UK consumer price inflation, and a new multivariate forecast is generated. We find compelling evidence which shows the benefits of the proposed approach at generating more accurate medium to long term inflation forecasts for UK in relation to the competing models. Finally, through the discussion, we also consider Google Trends forecasts for inflation within the proposed framework.     

货币政策与公司投资研究——基于微观企业动态面板数据模型

基于动态面板数据模型,通过对我国2004--2011年的A股上市公司数据的分析,采用GMM估计方法研究了我国的货币政策调整对企业投资行为的影响。研究发现：（1）紧缩的货币政策对我国企业的投资支出有显著影响。（2）货币政策的调整对企业投资存在异质性影响,从实证的结果来看,货币政策的调整对国有企业、小规模企业、低担保能力企业的影响大于对非国有企业、大规模企业、高担保能力企业的影响。     

A common trends model of UK core inflation

In this paper the long-run trend in RPI inflation (core inflation) for the UK over the 1961–1997 period is estimated within the framework of a multivariate common trends model which extends the bivariate VAR approach of Quah and Vahey (1995). In this context core inflation is directly linked to money and wage growth and interpreted as the long-run forecast of inflation from a small-scale, cointegrated macroeconomic system. First version received: September 1999/Final version received: October 2001 RID="*" ID="*"  We thank two anonymous referees for many helpful comments and suggestions. Work on this paper was partially conducted when C. Morana was at Heriot-Watt University.