职业生涯规划研究与引导

职业生涯规划是指一个人对一生职业发展道路的设想和规划,合理规划自己的职业生涯是大学生成功就业的第一步。本文从大学生开展职业生涯规划的现实意义入手,通过调查研究对当前大学生职业生涯规划开展的现状作了分析,并对职业生涯规划设计提出了具体措施。     

大学生职业生涯规划的现实依据与理论综述

大学生职业生涯规划对大学生职业的确立发展、实现人生理想具有至关重要的作用。应对当前严峻的就业形势,提高大学生自身的综合素质、实现人才培养目标和职业的发展变化,是推动大学生进行职业生涯规划的主要现实依据。综合近年来关于大学生职业生涯规划理论研究的分析,提出我国大学生职业生涯规划理论研究的发展方向。     

论高校促进大学生职业生涯规划

高校加强对大学生职业生涯规划的指导对大学生的发展起着极其重要的作用。目前,大学生职业生涯规划存在一些问题,大学生对自我的认识不充分,就业观念与形势发展不适应,职业生涯发展目标不明确。高校应大力采取措施促进大学生的职业生涯规划,帮助大学生找准职业锚是着力点,提高P-J-O匹配率是切入口,运用SWOT技术进行态势分析是助力器,加强大学生职业心理辅导是保障。     

试论大学生职业生涯规划指导

当前大学毕业生就业难的问题越来越突出,已经成为社会广泛关注的热点问题,加强大学生职业生涯规划教育迫在眉睫。但就业临近时,很多大学生茫然无措,不知何去何从,其中最大的原因就是大学期间缺乏对未来生活和职业目标的规划与准备。因此帮助大学生做好大学职业生涯规划现实意义重大,本文拟对大学生职业生涯规划指导问题进行探讨。     

高校学生职业生涯规划教育的实践与探索

本文在分析我国大学生职业生涯规划现状的基础上,从大学生的职业生涯规划管理体系、职业指导专业建设、职业意识培养、思想政治教育、就业信息网络建设以及大学生职业教育的长效机制这六个方面全方位探索了我国大学生职业生涯规划教育的各项教育实践,旨在探讨如何为在校大学生未来的择业、就业和创业打下坚实的基础。     

国际工程管理职业生涯规划探索

文章针对当前大学生就业存在的问题及国际工程管理人才的需求现状,对国际工程管理进行职业生涯规划做了理论探讨,基于职业生涯规划的基本理论和方法,结合国际工程管理职业的特点和要求,提出了国际工程管理职业生涯规划的方法和步骤.     

高校辅导员开展大学生职业规划与指导工作探析

在当前社会经济产业结构调整、社会转型加速等时代背景下,如何提高大学生的就业能力使其顺利就业已成为高校普遍重视的问题之一。本文结合辅导员在学生工作中的优势,对辅导员开展大学生职业生涯规划与指导工作的基本思路和存在的问题进行了探索,以期对提高学生将来在职业生活中自我实现所必需的能力和素质,使学生顺利进入职业社会有所帮助。     

浅析职业生涯规划教育对大学生职业生涯规划的作用

大学生职业生涯规划教育和引导所发挥的成效已逐渐被教育者和学生们认知,越来越多的高校已意识到加强大学生职业生涯规划教育的重要性和必要性,大学生职业生涯规划也逐渐成为研究者们关注的领域,本文主要从职业生涯规划教育对大学生职业生涯规划的作用和加强大学生职业生涯规划教育对策思考两个方面浅析职业生涯规划教育对大学生职业生涯规划的作用。     

高校学生职业生涯规划存在的问题及对策研究

高等教育体制改革和毕业生就业方式的转变,使得大学生职业生涯规划的重要性日益突出,切实可行的职业生涯规划对大学生能否在当今严峻社会形势下找到属于自己的位置并发展进步非常重要。当前,大学生对职业生涯规划比较茫然认识不深入;学校对大学生的职业生涯规划重视程度不够缺乏专业性;高校职业生涯规划辅导工作与大学生的对生涯规划的需求存在矛盾。为此,高校和学生都要转变观念,增强职业生涯规划指导和学习的意识,客服从众心理;构建基于发展理念的大学生职业生涯规划辅导体系;提高职业生涯规划指导教师的素质。文章分析了大学生职业生涯规划存在的问题,并提出了相应的对策。     

关于当前大学生职业生涯规划的思考

随着我国大学生就业形势日趋严峻,大学生职业生涯规划也日益受到重视。开展职业生涯规划,对大学生就业、择业以及个人的发展具有十分重要的指导意义和现实意义。笔者分析了大学生职业生涯规划的重要意义,指出了当前大学生职业生涯规划普遍存在的问题,并就如何做好大学生职业生涯规划作了探讨。     

Effectiveness analysis of quality achievements for university Departments of Economics

When university Departments are under pressure to improve the assessed quality of their research and teaching in several different directions simultaneously, questions arise as to the nature of the corresponding feasible set and the shape of its frontier. When quality is judged by reference to grades whose precise thresholds are subject to stochastic uncertainties, both convex and nonconvex regions of the frontier of the feasible set may be present. The appropriateness of deploying standard empirical techniques of frontier estimation is then called into question in evaluating the relative effectiveness of individual Departments and their scope for improvements. The empirical results of frontier estimation, here applied to UK university Departments of Economics, are shown to be sensitive to the choice of nonparametric frontier technique deployed, with Free Disposal Hull analysis providing an alternative estimation technique that can allow for both convex and nonconvex regions of the possibility frontier. Issues of the endogeneity of the resources available to Departments are also raised in this applied context, with a need to incorporate into the effectiveness analysis the potential feedback effects of improved research and teaching quality upon the achievement possibility set.     

Technological change,efficiency gains and capital accumulation in labour productivity growth and convergence: an application to the Spanish regions

The main objective of this article is to analyse labour productivity growth and convergence in the Spanish regions between 1965 and 1995, decomposing total factor productivity gains into technological progress and efficiency change by means of Malmquist productivity indices. On the basis of this decomposition, labour productivity growth is broken down into components attributable to technological change (shifts in the frontier), efficiency gains (movements toward the frontier) and capital accumulation (movements along the frontier). The approach followed in this study is based on work initiated by Färe et al., where a link between the economic growth and convergence literature and the production frontier approach was established. Furthermore, in the spirit of Quah's approach, the evolution of the whole distribution is considered. Thus, the analysis of the dynamics of the entire distribution of labour productivity and the factors behind it – technological progress, efficiency gains and capital accumulation – combine both approaches, yielding new insights into the process of productivity growth and convergence experienced by the Spanish regions over the last 30 years.     

Are Asian technology gaps due to human capital quality differences?

This paper adopts the meta-frontier framework using DEAP software to analyse the technological gap and level of catch-up of the three regions in Asia (namely, Southern Asia, Eastern Asia and ASEAN5) with respect to the Asian technology as a whole for the period 1980–2006. Countries in Eastern Asia displayed a technology gap ratio of 1.000 which posits that this region defines the best practice frontier for Asia. Meanwhile, countries in Southern Asia region displayed an improvement in technical efficiency and productivity relative to the Asian frontier but lagged in terms of technological advancement. All three regions recorded a lag in technological advancement with respect to the best practice frontier. In order to progress technologically, these countries should be equipped with the necessary infrastructure and human capital to encourage foreign investment and growth. The countries in Eastern Asia and ASEAN5 recorded the strongest productivity growth performance as a group when compared to the countries in Southern Asia. In Southern Asia and ASEAN5 region, the technology gap ratio is below 1.000 subsequent to the 1997/98 financial crisis. On the contrary, East Asia kept up with the benchmark frontier during most of the sample period inclusive of the period after the financial crisis.     

考虑技术异质性的中国省区环境创新效率评价

环境保护日益受到大众的普遍关注,进行环境创新效率评价对于环境保护具有重要意义。采用基于共同前沿（Meta-Frontier）生产函数的效率评价模型,将我国分为东、中、西及东北4个区域进行环境创新效率分析。结果表明,将各地区视为技术同质性单元时得到的环境创新效率与技术异质性环境创新效率差异较大;考虑技术异质性时我国环境创新效率普遍偏低;环境创新效率由高到低分别为东部、西部、中部和东北,各区域间效率差距较显著。在此基础上,对我国不同区域环境技术创新效率改善提出了具体的政策建议。     

Trade, technology transfer and national efficiency in developing countries

This paper simultaneously explores the determinants of the developing countries’ production frontier and these countries’ ‘efficiency’ in using the available resources and technology. In doing so it allows for the transfer of (industrial country) technology in determining the frontier and for international trade's influence on absorptive capacity and national efficiency levels. Stochastic frontier analysis is used to model the production frontier for 57 developing countries for the period 1970-1998, to measure cross-country and temporal differences in efficiency levels and to explain the differences in efficiency levels. The results indicate significant differences in efficiency levels across countries and regions and movement over time, and an important influence of trade and trade policy in raising output both through technology improvements embodied in imported capital goods and by inducing efficiency improvements.     

A Spatial Stochastic Frontier Model with Spillovers: Evidence for Italian Regions

Efficiency measurement using stochastic frontier models is well established in applied econometrics. However, no published work seems to be available on efficiency analysis using spatial data dealing with possible spatial dependence between regions. This article considers a stochastic frontier model with decomposition of inefficiency into an idiosyncratic and a spatial, spillover component. Exact posterior distributions of parameters are derived, and computational schemes based on Gibbs sampling with data augmentation are proposed to conduct simulation‐based inference and efficiency measurement. The new method is illustrated using production data for Italian regions (1970–1993). Clearly, further theoretical and empirical research on the subject would be of great interest.     

基于SFA方法的碳排放效率 区域差异化与协调机制研究

本文主要采用SFA模型,将对碳排放效率有影响的七个变量加入模型,测算出1996-2011年的碳排放效率值。然后从时间和空间的角度分析了碳排放效率的变化趋势。研究表明,碳排放效率在整体上处于上升阶段,在地区上存在趋异的现象,即碳排放效率随着时间的发展表现出更大的地区差异性。因此,我们有必要建立系统的碳排放协调机制,保证碳交易市场有效运行。     

内蒙古—新疆公路建设与西北民族地区经济发展

修建一条东起呼和浩特西至乌鲁木齐,沿中蒙边界延伸的公路。将会极大地改善新疆和内蒙古西部地区与沿海发达地区之间的交通状况和通达条件,增强西北民族地区与东部沿海发达地区之间的联系,促进西北民族地区的经济发展、民族团结和边疆稳定。     

地缘经济区的合作开发及其实践策略调整--以中国-东盟合作开发地缘经济区的实证分析为例

地缘经济区是世界经济一体化和区域集团化在地域表现上的一种特殊形式,通过合作开发地缘经济区,能有效地推动沿边地区的开放和发展。论文从地缘经济区的发展前景、主要特征和合作开发的普遍效应等问题的讨论入手,并以中国—东盟自由贸易区(CAFTA)的建设为背景,在系统分析中国—东盟合作开发地缘经济区的实践成果与存在问题的基础上,着重论述了中国—东盟合作开发地缘经济区实践策略的调整思路。