高技术产业链中下游企业数量对排他性交易的影响研究

以高技术产业链为背景,构建了上游双寡头和下游垄断竞争的排他性交易模型,分析了上下游企业排他性交易博弈过程。模型显示,大联盟的上游高技术主导企业能够利用下游企业的数量及其转换成本,形成中间产品的价格歧视、市场封闭和进入壁垒等市场势力,从而获得超额利润。研究结果表明,下游企业数量及其转换成本对市场结构及上下游企业的产出和利润产出均有关键的影响,应鼓励新的下游企业进入市场以促进高技术产业的均衡发展,并降低转换成本以促进高技术产业的公平竞争。     

公用企业的搭配销售——以南京市煤气总公司案为例

文章分析了南京市煤气总公司一案,指出了此案是典型的削弱竞争的搭配销售案,也是典型的公用企业延伸垄断势力案。同时,对于此案引发公用企业的垄断问题进行了讨论。     

高技术产业纵向一体化与拆分——以诺基亚和高通为例

研究移动通信芯片产业链的纵向拆分特征。构建了上游为双寡头结构、下游为多家企业的产业链模型,并对纵向一体化和纵向拆分两种模式的利润和价格进行了分析和比较,同时对纵向拆分的技术和市场背景及内外条件作了进一步的探讨。     

季节性商品交易的经济学分析——以春联买卖为例

季节性商品交易存在于我们每一个人的生活中,所谓“事事不经济”,现实中的每个行为都可以用经济学的思维加以解释。但是对于季节性商品交易背后的经济学知识,很少有人关注,本文就以我国传统节日——春节所必需的春联的交易为例,从价格形成、消费者、零售商等多个角度来阐述这些交易背后的经济学知识。     

维持转售价格的法律分析——以烟草行业为例

摘维持转售价格在经济生活中有两面性,不能仅仅根据本身违法原则而对其加以界定,在考虑到在某些特殊的行业及特殊的商品时,更因该考虑维持转售价格对经济更有利的影响而采用合理原则。在适用法律时,要更多地衡量制造商,大、小零售商以及消费者的利益,在利益博弈中维护公平竞争的市场机制。维持转售价格应该成为一种维护机制的手段,利用其有利的一面而采用合理原则进行规制,才能形成符合中国实际情况而又能保证公平竞争的反垄断法。     

浅谈文化旅游景区门票定价策略——以长春市为例

旅游资源的特殊性使门票价格这一普通的经济学问题变成了一个复杂的难题,对旅游景区定价不仅要通过一般的均衡进行分析,更要考虑旅游资源这一特殊的商品的特殊性。经过一系列的调研,本文把长春旅游景区的实际情况和经济学理论结合起来,并参考了国外的经验,探讨旅游景区门票定价策略。     

光伏产业的纵向限制研究——以无锡光伏产业为例

近年来,随着美国和欧盟国家不断地对我国的光伏产业进行"双反"调查,我国光伏产业由于大部分的需求在国外,严重依赖于出口,正面临着重大的危机。文章首先对国内外学者的相关理论研究进行了综述,又分析了光伏产业在原料市场和销售市场最近几年的相关情况,结合纵向限制理论构建模型分析了光伏产业的一般情况。同时结合实际对无锡市各类光伏企业的调查,提出相应的解决措施。     

产业技术创新能力测度和评价研究——以广东省高技术产业为例

对产业技术创新能力的测度和评价是人们认识和把握产业创造性活动本质与规律的主要手段。文章从产业视角引进了产业横向维度指标和产业纵向维度指标对产业技术创新能力进行测度和评价,建立了产业技术创新能力评价指标体系,采用熵值法对广东省2004年～2006年5个高技术产业进行了实证研究,在综合评价的基础上给出了提升高技术产业技术创新能力的对策建议。     

产权、交易费用与粮食经纪人的合约形式——以粮食流通产业为例

粮食经纪人作为一种粮食购销中介,一直存在于粮食流通产业中,但却很少在经济学范畴内引起讨论.在当前粮食流通产业的制度环境和市场条件下,粮食经纪人有着特殊的存在形式.本文从产权和交易费用角度出发,系统地阐释粮食经纪人在粮食流通产业中的市场定位;通过对不同的粮食经纪人合约形式进行比较,具体解析当前粮食流通产业中粮食经纪人合约形式的特点及未来的发展趋势.在此基础上,提出粮食经纪人发展的政策建议.     

高技术产业集群效应评价研究——以陕西省为例

高技术产业集群效应既是高技术产业集群存在的合理解释,也是高技术产业集群不断完善的动力。结合高技术产业集群的技术、人才、风险投资集聚效应以及协同效应和知识外溢效应,通过构建高技术产业集群效应评价指标系统,对陕西省高技术产业集群效应作出评价。     

从极端到综合:独占交易理论新进展

本文通过文献解读和分析阐述独占交易理论的新进展,重点讨论了独占交易对竞争的影响、与共同代理的权衡、独占交易的完全排他与部分排他等三个问题。近年来关于独占交易理论的研究显得比较中立很多,不再从一个极端走向另一个极端。独占交易可能是反竞争的,也可能是社会有效的,要根据具体情况分析和综合考虑。经济文献中的线性价格模型夸大了独占交易的影响,现实中还需要综合考虑市场圈定效应和投资增进效应。独占交易契约的签订会对第三者产生负外部性,从第三者那里抽取的剩余会按照契约里的规定在签约双方进行分配。     

Exclusive Versus Non-exclusive Dealing in Auctions with Resale

We consider a seller who can either sell exclusively through resellers, or allow potential consumers to purchase directly from him. The consumers’ willingness to pay is private information. All transactions are in the form of second-price sealed bid auctions. We show that, if the resellers can gain access to a substantially bigger portion of the market than the seller himself, the seller obtains a higher revenue by dealing exclusively through them, i.e., by committing to not sell to any consumer. The result is due to a “winner’s curse” effect: the resellers win only if the consumers that they compete against submit lower bids, i.e., if part of their customer base has low valuations. This depresses the resellers’ willingness to pay relative to what they would be willing to pay under an exclusive resale contract. Our results do not depend on the presence of transaction costs: exclusive dealing yields strictly higher revenue even when the resellers can market the item at zero cost. We would like to thank Richard Engelbrecht-Wiggans, Michael Rothkopf and seminar participants at Iowa State University, the Midwest Mathematical Economics meetings, the Milken Institute, Rutgers University, SUNY at Stony Brook Summer Workshop on Game Theory, for helpful comments and suggestions.     

剩余索取权配置:高新技术企业专有性人力资本的有效约束

本文提出高新技术企业区别于传统企业的重要特征之一,就是人力资本具有从专用性向专有性的动态转变.而这一转变使专有性人力资本采取机会主义行为的可能性增加.这成为制约高新技术企业持续发展的一个重要因素.因此,高新技术企业治理面临着新的挑战.本文从高新技术企业人力资本特征转变入手,分析控制权回报这一激励机制的不足之处,并提出剩余索取权配置是解决高新技术企业专有性人力资本激励的关键所在.     

Commissioning Design: Evidence from the Furniture Industry

Design is defined as a strategic competency that can be utilized in order to create new objects, artifacts (i.e. products), systems and services, starting with some idea about customer needs. Since the products and services from the design process are of strategic importance to the company, design knowledge itself can become a strategic asset. Although one might expect design to be an internal resource from the point of view of transaction costs, most companies only possess some design competencies and acquire creative design skills from design consultants. The important issue is how they delineate what is strategic and what is not strategic, but skills. The article is based on two case studies from the furniture industry in which the companies have found different solutions. In the paper we therefore explain the differences in terms of the resource-based view on strategy. This indicates different conceptions of design resources, operating in different, but comparable contexts.     

Price discrimination and price dispersion in a duopoly

This paper analyses the problem of price discrimination in a market where consumers have heterogeneous preferences both over a horizontal parameter (brand) and a vertical one (quality). Discriminatory contracts are characterized for different market structures. It is shown that price dispersion, i.e. the observed range of prices for each class of customers, increases almost everywhere as competition is introduced in the market.     

Pricing to Market of German Exporters: Evidence from Panel Data

This paper investigates pricediscrimination of German exporters across differentforeign markets. We examine the degree of pass-throughof exchange rate fluctuations in the pricing of 70export items. The model is estimated using panel dataon export unit values. Parameter estimation relies onGMM first difference, fixed effects, LAD, OLS firstdifference, and the random coefficients model. Themain results for 70 manufactured goods and 15destination countries between 1990–1994 are: Thedegree of pricing to market differs among destinationsand products. Highest pricing to market is observedfor U.S., Japan, Italy and Spain. Pricing to market ismore prevalent in exports of chemicals and fertilisersthan in machinery products.     

Product Emulation Strategies in The Presence of Reputation Effects And Network Externalities: Some Evidence From The Minicomputer Industry

A model of firm performance in the minicomputer industry is developed and estimated. We use an hedonic price formulation to analyze product design and pricing issues and a market share model to assess the demand effects of price-performance characteristics, installed base advantages and manufacturer reputation. The results, which are based on 1976–1983 data, demonstrate the importance of network externalities, price-performance competition and reputation. We utilize the estimated models to quantify the implications of several emulation strategies and several defensive strategies of incumbent manufacturers.     

虚假信息影响股价波动分析:来自沪深股市的证据

以2000-2009年沪深两市上市公司的澄清公告为样本,运用事件研究法对虚假信息是否影响股价波动进行分析后发现:(1)虚假信息的发布与传播加剧了股价波动,期间还存在明显的信息操纵现象;(2)流通市值较小的股票受虚假信息的影响更大,也更容易成为虚假信息的攻击对象;(3)利好的虚假信息对股价的影响程度要大于利空的虚假信息。如果上市公司能选择合理时机对虚假信息进行澄清,将会有效减少庄家信息操纵的超额收益,有利于保护中小投资者和理性投资者的利益。     

卖空机制、股价信息含量与暴跌风险--基于融资融券交易的经验证据

文章利用我国逐步推出融资融券交易的自然实验机会,运用双重差分的研究设计,考察了卖空机制对股价反映负面消息效率的影响。文章以2007-2012年的数据为样本研究发现：相对于非标的股票,融资融券标的股票在成为标的之后,其股价对市场的向下波动及时做出了调整,使得股价对市场正负向波动反应之间的不对称性显著降低,表明标的股票更加及时和充分地吸收了有关公司价值的负面信息;同时,相对于非标的股票,融资融券标的标的股票在成为标的之后,其股价暴跌风险显著降低。文章结果表明,我国股市推出融资融券交易后,卖空机制提高了市场对标的股票负面消息的定价效率。