论区域可持续发展的自然资源与环境观——以宁波为例

人口问题、资源问题、环境问题以及经济社会发展问题是当今世界人们日益关注的四大问题。如何寻求人口、资源、环境与经济的持续协调发展正成为各个国家和地区所关注的核心问题。本文侧重从区域可持续发展角度来分析自然资源和环境问题 ,并结合宁波市的区域可持续发展战略 ,提出相应对策。     

基于人口流动的国土资源优化配置战略研究

本项研究旨在充分认识中国人口流动的现状特点,预测区域人口的规模变化,剖析人口流动对国土资源配置的影响要素,为正确处理人口发展与国土资源配置之间的关系,促进人口、经济社会和国土资源走向全面、协调、可持续发展提供战略建议。研究表明:人口流动是影响我国人口区域规模最主要的因素之一,应根据当前人口流动和规模变化的现状特点,依照"二域四部六区四中心"差异化的国土资源优化配置战略,促进人口、资源环境、经济社会的可持续协调发展。     

区域PERD综合协调度评价指标体系研究

人口、环境、资源的状况与经济社会发展的矛盾在我国各地区广泛存在,它严重地制约着区域社会经济的发展.只有妥善解决区域PERD协调发展的问题,才能保持区域经济的可持续发展.我们应根据不同区域PERD发展的客观实际,合理选择区域发展模式,并根据事物的动态变化及时转换发展模式,从而在总体上引导区域经济协调发展.为了准确测量区域PERD的综合协调度,更好地为实施人口、环境、资源与社会经济的综合协调发展战略提供参考依据,笔者分析了区域PERD协调发展的模式,并构建了区域PERD综合协调度评价指标体系.     

山西省人口、资源环境与经济协调发展分析

长期以来,高能耗、高污染的粗放型经济发展道路,使得山西原本脆弱的环境进一步恶化;同时人力资本后备不足严重影响了山西省的转型发展。正确认识人口、资源环境与经济间的协调机制,可为山西省的战略发展提供重要的依据。文章结合山西省实际情况,构建了人口、资源环境、经济协调发展评价的指标体系,运用主成分分析法和隶属度函数模型,对山西省2004—2014年人口、资源环境、经济协调发展水平进行了评价。结果表明山西省人口、资源环境与经济协调发展仍存在整体发展水平较低、协调稳定性较差、资源环境发展相对滞后、人力资本不足、区域发展不平衡等问题,同时基于评价结果提出了相应的对策建议。     

云南省红河州人口与经济社会资源环境协调发展研究

本文从红河州经济社会资源环境的实际情况出发,结合红河州人口发展现状以及人口发展的基本特征,力图对人口与经济社会资源环境的相互协调关系进行全面的分析,同时研究了经济社会发展进程中人口发展存在的突出问题,并对红河州未来人口和经济社会资源环境协调发展提出了一些对策和建议.     

浅论人口老龄化与中国房地产业的可持续发展

可持续发展归根结底是人口、资源、环境、社会、经济的协调发展。当前,人口老龄化是人口问题中的重要问题之一,房地产业是满足人口“住有所居”的重要保障,也是推动经济社会发展的重要力量。因此,从人口老龄化所产生的主要问题角度来分析它对房地产业可持续发展产生的影响具有重要的现实意义。     

区域PERD协调发展的综合评价指标体系研究

人口、环境、资源与发展(PERD)的矛盾在中国各地区广泛存在,并制约着区域社会经济的发展。准确测量区域PERD的综合协调度,能够为各地区实施人口、环境、资源与社会经济的综合协调发展战略提供参考依据。根据区域PERD协调发展的不同模式,构建区域PERD评价指标体系应遵循的原则,通过分析、选择建立区域PERD协调发展综合评价指标体系,并运用指标体系进行综合评价。     

统筹解决人口问题的实践与思考

以人的全面发展为中心统筹解决人口问题,是新时期人口和计划生育工作新的指导方针。"十一五"期间,陕西积极实施"两个统筹"战略,推动了人口与经济社会及资源环境的协调发展,人口的数量、素质、结构和分布出现了可喜的变化。目前转型期各种新问题交织,面临的人口形势依然严峻,统筹任务艰巨,需要树立全局的、均衡协调的发展观,综合运用人口与经济社会发展政策,加大统筹力度,落实统筹措施,创新人口社会管理的体制机制,以期推动全省"十二五"人口发展目标的顺利实现。     

郑州市人口及其对经济发展的影响分析

人口与区域社会经济发展密切相关.郑州市人口发展为社会提供了丰富的劳动力资源,人口素质不断提高为经济发展提供了高素质的人才.但是,人口数量的不断膨胀,人口素质偏低,人口结构不稳定,使郑州人口与经济发展要求不协调,在一定程度上影响和制约了郑州市经济、资源、环境的协调发展和可持续发展.     

中国西部地区人口、环境、资源与经济可持续发展对策

如何协调中国西部人口、资源、环境与经济发展的关系,缓解资源总供给与总需求的矛盾,以促进西部社会经济的可持续发展,已成为西部建立和谐社会的关键。文章根据西部人口与生态环境现实状况以及人口、环境、资源与经济协调发展的重要性,提出了西部地区人口、生态、资源与经济协调发展的主要对策。     

International migration and “educated unemployment”

This paper provides a novel explanation of “educated unemployment”, which is a salient feature of the labor markets in a number of developing countries. In a simple job-search framework we show that “educated unemployment” is caused by the prospect of international migration, that is, by the possibility of a “brain drain”. In addition, the analysis shows that a developing country may end up with more educated workers despite the brain drain and educated unemployment.     

A Comment on Dehez and Tellone, “Data games: sharing public goods with exclusion”

This comment shows that the data cost game introduced in Dehez and Tellone (Journal of Public Economic Theory, 2013) coincides with the nonadditive component of the library cost game studied in Driessen, Khmelnitskaya, and Sales (TOP, 2012) where the core, nucleolus, and Shapley value were also investigated.     

Environment versus growth — A criticism of “degrowth” and a plea for “a-growth”

In recent debates on environmental problems and policies, the strategy of “degrowth” has appeared as an alternative to the paradigm of economic growth. This new notion is critically evaluated by considering five common interpretations of it. One conclusion is that these multiple interpretations make it an ambiguous and rather confusing concept. Another is that degrowth may not be an effective, let alone an efficient strategy to reduce environmental pressure. It is subsequently argued that “a-growth,” i.e. being indifferent about growth, is a more logical social aim to substitute for the current goal of economic growth, given that GDP (per capita) is a very imperfect indicator of social welfare. In addition, focusing ex ante on public policy is considered to be a strategy which ultimately is more likely to obtain the necessary democratic-political support than an ex ante, explicit degrowth strategy. In line with this, a policy package is proposed which consists of six elements, some of which relate to concerns raised by degrowth supporters.     

Stability and bifurcations in <Emphasis Type="Italic">IS-LM</Emphasis> economic models

In this note, we analyze the local dynamics of a general non-linear fixedprice disequilibrium IS-LM model. We assume investment behavior as a general nonlinear function avoiding any Kaldor type assumption. By proving the existence of a family of periodic solutions bifurcating from a steady state, we confirm and extend some results in the literature for IS-LM models reducible to Leinard’s equation. We use bifurcation theory and study the effect of a change of the adjustment parameter in the money market upon the solutions of the model as the steady state loses stability. We establish analytically that the values of the adjustment parameter in the money market may affect the equilibrium relative to the product market and the government budget constraint. (JEL: C62, E32)     

Firms’ R&D Activity and Intensity and the University–Enterprise Partnerships

The interaction between universities and industry in areas concerned with science and technology is part of the broader national infrastructure involving other higher education institutions, public and private research organizations, and companies that are engaged in the generation, transfer, and use of knowledge, information, and technology. This interaction has become more formal, frequent, and planned since the 1970s, and has aroused a growing interest in governments and policy makers, from both developed and developing countries, who still regard it as an under-utilized scientific technological resource. However, it is important to point out that universities and firms are different social entities, presenting different nature and objectives, that, inevitably, affect and limit their interaction. This article aims to shed some light on one of these dissimilarities—that related to the firms’ R&D activity and intensity, that may influence their linkages with the academic world.     

“Timing Is Everything” and Marital Bliss

We first show that in a marriage market, when the stability of a matching is disturbed when a new agent joins the game, natural greedy behavior defines an equilibration procedure that converges to a stable matching for the extended problem. We then consider the iterative procedure under which agents join the game sequentially, and the natural greedy procedure is applied after the entrance of each agent. It is shown that this procedure converges to a stable matching for the original (global) problem and that for each agent, if the order of all other agents is given, he/she weakly improves his/her final outcome by deferring his/her arrival time. The agent that arrives last gets his/her optimal outcome under stable matchings. Journal of Economic Literature Classification Numbers: C78, C62.     

The knowledge production of ‘R’ and ‘D’

Many studies investigate the relationship between R&D and patents applying knowledge production functions. Using aggregated R&D may underestimate the productivity of ‘R’, as mainly ‘R’ but not ‘D’ leads to patents. Disaggregating ‘R’ and ‘D’ shows a significant premium of ‘R’ towards patenting.     

The <Emphasis Type="Italic">Acting</Emphasis> Person: Social Capital and Sustainable Development

Ron Stanfield has had a long and distinguished career as a social economist and commentator on the social economy. Of special concern to us in this article are Stanfield’s interests in social capital, sustainable development, and nurturance which we refer to as caring. We also take up several other virtues including sympathy, benevolence, and generosity that have been part of the economics literature from the time of Smith’s Moral Sentiments along with the associated vices of heartlessness, insensitivity, meanness, greediness, and others. This article attempts to show that (1) adding social capital to the machine-like individual of mainstream economics results in the acting person of personalist economics who becomes more fully a human person through social interactions that foster the development of several virtues or less fully a human person through other interactions that instill certain vices; and that (2) in matters relating to sustainability, becoming more fully a human person calls especially for the practice of the virtues of justice and moderation. In addition we have suggested a framework for thinking about sustainable development in terms of actuating and limiting principles and for developing critical values or performance standards for sustainable development that are person-centered.