对我国文化产业"走出去"策略的探讨

文化产业在发达国家已经处于支柱产业之列，但在我国仍处于初级发展阶段。我国有着独特的民族文化与历史文化资源，国家对发展文化产业也很重视，我国应抓住新时期文化产业发展良机，实施正确的策略，让我国的文化产业走向全世界。本文探讨了文化产业的含义、目前世界文化产业的现状、我国文化产业的初级阶段性和我国文化产业走出去的优势点，并提出五条文化产业发展策略来实施“走出去”策略。     

夯实文化基础 建设“文化莲塘”——深圳市罗湖区莲塘街道文化年工作掠影

党的十六大报告指出，全面建设小康社会，必须大力发展社会主义文化，建设社会主义精神文明。并进一步指出，发展文化产业是市场经济条件下繁荣社会主义文化，满足人民群众精神文化需求的重要途径。只有完善文化产业政策，支持文化产业发展，才能不断增强我国文化产业的整体实力和竞争力。深圳市罗湖区莲塘街道党工委将2004年定为“莲塘文化年”，凭借“特级文化站”荣誉的特有经验，坚持德治和法制相融合，自律和他律相结合，使文化成为塑造人格、熏陶环境、发展经济之功臣。     

以文化金融助推粤港澳大湾区文化产业高质量发展的实践路径研究

文化金融是文化产业与金融业的高度融合。广东作为全国文化大省，文化产业建设走在全国前列，文化金融融合发展形成先发优势。“十四五”以来，粤港澳大湾区文化产业融合发展取得显著成效，三地共同推进中华优秀传统文化传承发展，走出了一条多元化、数字化、国际化的文化产业融合发展之路。随着粤港澳大湾区文化产业进入由规模速度型向质量内涵型转变的新发展阶段，快速增长的文化产业发展资金需求与融资困难的矛盾日益凸显，亟需构建多元化的文化金融服务体系。本文通过对粤港澳大湾区文化产业金融支持现实情况与问题进行深入分析，提出构建“政府引导、市场主导”的文化金融支持体系，以推动文化产业高质量发展,为广东走在全国前列创造新的辉煌提供政策参考。     

发展云南民族文化产业要大力发展文化经纪业

贯彻落实党的十六大精神，实现云南省委、省政府提出的大力“发展文化产业，繁荣民族文化，建设文化大省”的目标，其中重要的工作之一就是要大力发展文化经纪业，为文化市场的经营主体服务。文化经纪作为文化市场的一种中介机构，其自身也是一种文化产业，它不仅将产生可观的经济社会效益，其对发展民族文化产业所起的作用以及将带来的经济社会效益更是不可估量。     

中美文化产业经营比较与启示

文化是随着经济的发展而发展的,文化产业是传统文化及其文化产品的商业化和市场化过程,全球化背景下的中国文化产业必须加大投入,通过金融制度的创新筹措资金,利用全球化带来的有利条件,努力跟上世界文化发展的步伐,不断吸收世界上优秀的思想文化成果,努力发现、整理、融合,创新本民族文化产品。     

“十四五”时期文化产业:动能转换、关键问题与重点对策

“十四五”是我国实现“两个―百年”目标的关键节点。我国文化产业正形成以资本、知识、技术、人力、信息和数据等新生产要素为基础的新动能。新时代良好的政策预期、B趋完善的市场环境以及新技术革命将进一步推进文化产业创新与转型。为此,我们必须直面当前我国文化产业人才紧缺、文化科技融合不足、文化金融发展滞后等问题,坚持正确的政治方向,遵循文化产业发展的基本规律,因地制宜、特色发展、融合发展,不断强化文化科技、文化产品版权等核心竞争力,不断优化文化人才、文化金融、文化创新的发展环境,走市场化、国际化、创新化发展路径。     

文化产业方兴未艾

一、艰难的嬗变：从“文化宣传事业”到“文化产业”党的十六大报告指出：“发展文化产业是市场条件下繁荣社会主义文化、满足人民群众精神文化需求的重要途径。”“完善文化产业政策，支持文化产业发展，增强我国文化产业的整体实力和竞争力。”这一论断为发展社会主义文化产业指明了方向。所谓文化产业，就是指从事文化产品的生产、提供文化服务的产业。其产品主要是为了满足人们的文化、娱乐等精神需要。“文化产业”一词在西方首次出现是在２０世纪３０年代，用以概括大规模、大批量、工业化的文化精神生产的特点，而在我国，“文化产业…     

成都市文化产业发展的统计评价及优化对策研究

发展文化产业是成都市“十二五”规划的重点内容，使之成为成都市新兴的支柱产业，不仅能满足人民群众日益增长的文化需求，而且对促进成都市建设世界现代田园城市有着积极意义。从文化市场需求、文化产业增长及文化产业结构等方面定量研究了成都市近十年文化产业的发展特点。描述性统计分析结果看到成都市文化市场需求及发展增加迅速，但在产业结构发展方面存在不均衡现象。最后就当前文化产业存在的问题提出了在品牌建设、文化传播和文化消费等方面的优化对策建议。     

海外媒体并购的战略研究——以英国普罗派乐卫视为例

一、绪论 “十二五”规划纲要中提出：“推动文化产业成为国民经济支柱性产业，增强文化产业整体实力和竞争力一一鼓励和支持非公有制经济以多种形式进入文化产业领域，逐步形成以公有制为主体、多种所有制共同发展的产业格局。构建以优秀民族文化为主体、吸收外来有益文化的对外开放格局，积极开拓国际文化市场，创新文化“走出去”模式，增强中华文化国际竞争力和影响力，提升国家软实力。     

中国文化产业的新发展观及发展战略思考

发展文化产业是社会主义市场经济条件下满足人民多样化精神文化需求的重要途径。发展文化产业应确立新的文化产业发展观，坚持人本发展、特色发展、品牌发展、重点发展、创新发展、多样发展。在战略选择上，应以民族文化为根本，坚持“走出去，引进来”的文化产业发展道路；以科学发展观为指导，坚持全面、协调、可持续的文化产业发展道路；以文化体制改革为动力，大力解放与发展文化生产力。     

Pleasure and belief in Hume's Decision Process

Abstract

The purpose of this paper is to introduce explicitly pleasure and belief in what aims at being a Humean theory of decision, like the one developed in Diaye and Lapidus (2005a). Although we support the idea that Hume was in some way a hedonist – evidently different from Bentham's or Jevons' way – we lay emphasis less on continuity than on the specific kind of hedonism encountered in Hume's writings (chiefly the Treatise, the second Enquiry, the Dissertation, or some of his Essays). Such hedonism clearly contrasts to its standard modern inheritance, expressed by the relation between preferences and utility.

The reason for such a difference with the usual approach lies in the mental process that Hume puts to the fore in order to explain the way pleasure determines desires and volition. Whereas pleasure is primarily, in Hume's words, an impression of sensation, it takes place in the birth of passions as reflecting an idea of pleasure, whose “force and vivacity” is precisely a “belief”, transferred to the direct passions of desire or volition that come immediately before action. As a result, from a Humean point of view, “belief” deals with decision under risk or uncertainty, as well as with intertemporal decision and indiscrimination problems.

The latter are explored within a formal framework, and it is shown that the relation of pleasure is transformed by belief into a non-empty class of relations of desire, among which at least one is a preorder.     

Globalization,Neoliberalism and the attack on social security

Neoliberal political movements advocate privatization of public pension systems. Globalization imposes pressure on nations to conform to neoliberal policy views with respect to the design and structure of social insurance, including public pension systems. The paper begins with an investigation of the economic, ethical and ideological dimensions of the privatization debates in the U.S.; it argues that privatization advocates may be largely moved by ideology, since the other reasons advanced appear weak or unfounded. The second part discusses the history of Social Security, the purposes for its creation, and some of its economic effects. Differences between public and private pension systems are considered. A brief international comparison of some aspects of public pension system finance and benefit structures is presented. The final section considers the ethical, macroeconomic and distributional implications of privatization, prefunding and payroll tax funding, and argues for a pay as you go system financed with income taxes. In order to promote equity, economic security, community, and social cohesion, public pension systems should be universal in coverage. In order to reduce the inequality, income insecurity, and aged poverty generated by market economies, public pension systems ought to be progressive: benefit/contribution ratios should be inversely proportional to income, and progressive income taxes should finance the system. To promote economic growth, the systems should be financed on a pay-as-you-go basis, and should not be prefunded except for an emergency reserve. The fiscal policy recommendations partially depend upon the theory developed by Abba Lerner in the 1940s, and recently advanced by Wynne Godley and Randy Wray: Lerner's “principle of functional finance.”     

Interest on reserves and inflation

The payment of interest on reserves has been a common practice in inflationary economies. This policy may seem paradoxical since it involves returning part of the seigniorage, generated by the inflation process, with the intention to finance the fiscal deficit. This paper argues that the motivation for this policy can be captured by the discretionary regime, where the policymaker pays interest on reserves because he is concerned with the erosion of real liquidity by inflation, which is in part beyond his control. However, this policy is an unlikely outcome in the commitment regime, where the policymaker is in full control of inflation.     

Bayesian estimation of duration models: An application of the multiperiod probit model

The multiperiod probit model is presented and Bayesian estimation using the Gibbs sampler with data augmentation is described. As an empirical illustration, the multiperiod probit model is then used to estimate a duration model using employment duration data for the Canadian province of New Brunswick. Bayesian estimation with unobserved heterogeneity is shown to be a simple extension of estimation of a duration model with no unobserved heterogeneity. More importantly, perhaps, some numerical problems encountered by other authors using Maximum Likelihood are avoided.I would like to thank M. Baker, G. Koop, A. Melino and D. Poirier for helpful comments and discussions. I would also like to thank M. Baker for providing his data.     

Scenarios and creativity: Thinking in new boxes

To be creative and make change happen, leaders must do more than simply ‘think outside the box’, as the traditional business manuals suggest, using the popular American expression. After all, the space outside the box is infinitely expansive. Moreover, there can be no guarantee that a solution to the problem will be found. The answer: ‘Think in new boxes.’ This requires developing the right new box; in other words, useful new models, a helpful new approach to a problem. That is the real art of practical creativity. This short article outlines the approach (Thinking in New Boxes) and its application to classic scenario planning with a few examples. The authors also present the ‘Expressway to Scenarios’, an approach that wins in impact and practicality what it loses in deep analysis, by having top executives involved in key steps.     

How chaebol restructuring after the 1997 crisis has affected corporate decision and performance in Korea: debt financing,ownership structure,and investment

ABSTRACT

Korean chaebol firms, characterized by excessive debt financing and overinvestment, experienced restructuring after the 1997 crisis. By reducing debt financing and thus overinvestment, they tried to reorganize financing structure and ownership structure. Chaebols’ debt reduction turns out to have improved performance. However, polarization between chaebol and non-chaebol firms has become more significant. Even after the crisis, firms that give higher cash flows to a controlling shareholder take more capital investment, indicating that agency problems still exist within chaebols. Chaebol-affiliated firms continue to be more active in R&D than non-chaebol firms. However, the pattern is limited to the group of top 10 chaebols after the crisis.

Abbreviations: KFTC: Korea Fair Trade Commission     

On the Role of Paradigms in Understanding Economic Globalization

Any adequate analysis of economic globalization necessarily requires fundamental understanding of the worldviews underlying the views expressed with respect to the nature and role of economic globalization. This paper is based on the premise that any worldview can be associated with one of the four basic paradigms: functionalist, interpretive, radical humanist, and radical structuralist. It argues that any view expressed with respect to economic globalization is based on one of the four paradigms or worldviews. It, therefore, discusses four views with respect to the nature and role of economic globalization which correspond to the four broad worldviews. The paper emphasizes that the four views expressed are equally scientific and informative; they look at the nature and role of economic globalization from a certain paradigmatic viewpoint. Emphasizing this example in the area of economic globalization, the paper concludes that there are opportunities for each paradigm to benefit from contributions coming from the other three paradigms.     

A Humean theory of choice of which rationality may be one consequence

For the reader who considers economic theory of choice as a special case of a more general theory of action, Hume's discussion of the determinants of action in the Treatise of Human Nature (1739?–?40), in the Enquiry on Human Understanding (1748) and in the Dissertation on Passions (1757) deserves attention. However, according to some modern commentators, Hume does not seem to have given any evidence that would favour what nowadays we would consider as the kind of rationality involved in modern theories of rational choice. On the contrary, this paper arrives at the conclusion that consistency between preferences and choice, like the usual properties of completeness and transitivity, may be considered as outcomes of a mental process, described by means of a decision algorithm that aims to represent Hume's theory of choice.     

The concept of freedom and its relation to economic development--a critical appreciation of the work of Amartya Sen

Following a brief review of the conception of freedom as employedin economic discourse, this paper focuses on the evolution ofthe concept of freedom in the work of Amartya Sen. It tracesthe development of Sen's thought from the capability analysisof the late 1970s to his more recent separation of freedom intoits opportunity and process aspects. While broadly appreciativeof Sen's development of the concept of positive freedom, thepaper identifies some difficulties arising from his definitionof capability as a set of options as well as from his separationof the opportunity and process aspects of freedom. Aspects ofthe relationship between Sen's conception of freedom and thatof Marx are discussed briefly in the context of Sen's recentdiscussion of the market as a source of freedom.     

Types of technology

Technology is a concept rife with confusion. Here, I argue that technologies can be distinguished as a combination of type of producer and an idealized artefact life history. Using this definition, a number of technologies are identified. The first technology historically, in the Protostomes, was the production of individual or family dwellings. Next came objects such as spider webs for trapping prey. Stigmergy followed, with the social insects, as a collective endeavour to construct a mega-structure using simple rules of accretion. Some birds and primates began to make tools, or simple technological objects whose function is closely related to their form. Humans are distinguished by their ability to make machines. Traditional technology took place once people voluntarily organised into groups with specialised knowledge to produce more complex objects and structures. Monumental objects like ceremonial pyramids came with the command economies of the early agrarian societies, which also resulted in a new category of artefact, the network. Finally, with modern civilizations came ad hoc accretion, or population-level adding-on, to make truly complex technological systems. Developing a theoretical framework within which artefacts, production processes and ways of interacting with them are identified should help the study of technology to become more scientific.