中国财产保险行业企业经营效率的地区差异及其成因

以中国“八大经济区”和“四类等级城市”为两种空间维度，对财产保险行业的地理分布特征进行探索性研究，通过数据包络建模对2015—2017年中国财产保险行业的全险种经营效率区域差异进行测算，并通过OLS模型和空间杜宾模型分析区域差异影响因素。研究结果表明：(1)中国财产保险行业企业经营效率存在显著的区域差异，但并不完全取决于经济发展水平。(2)东部沿海、南部沿海和超大城市、特大城市等经济发达地区的财产保险市场发育程度更高，但财产保险企业经营效率还要受到区域垄断性、市场空间、气候条件、公共财政支出等因素影响，从而使大西南、北部沿海等区域财产保险企业拥有一定的经营效率优势。基于中国财产保险行业企业经营效率具有区域分布规律，应充分重视区域空间关联，在促进财产保险行业高质量发展方面可采取有关对策建议。     

我国经济次发达地区财产保险业发展与突破——对于江西省财产保险市场的研究与剖析

文章以江西省财产保险市场为研究对象,深入分析了财产保险市场发展与国民经济间的关系,并利用市场结构、市场行为、市场绩效多类指标分析了普遍存在于经济次发达地区财产保险业发展面临的主要问题.最后,文章从多个角度对我国经济次发达地区财产保险市场的发展与突破针对性地提出了政策建议.     

论中小企业财产保险面临的问题及对策

当前我国正处在全面改革的深化阶段,而我国的中小企业在这一大环境下也面临着激烈的竞争。中小企业是我国国民经济的重要组成部分,它对地方经济的促进及壮大发挥着不可替代的作用,但是在实际的发展过程中,我国的中小企业也面临着财产保险的相关问题。基于此本文主要就中小企业财产保险所面临的实际问题进行详细分析,并结合实际探索相应应对策略,希望对实际操作起到一定的指导作用。     

中国财产保险需求影响因素的实证研究

运用中国1980-2009年的相关数据,引入六个解释变量,采用逐步回归方法,对中国财产保险需求的影响因素进行了实证分析,结果表明:与人寿保险需求截然不同,经济增长、人均收入、风险意识对财产保险需求未发现有显著影响;而固定资产投资、汽车拥有量和货物运输量对财产保险需求有着显著的推动作用.实证结果进一步解释了财产保险市场结构严重失衡的状况.     

商业银行应防范授信业务中的财产保险风险

财产保险是银行加强抵押财产风险管理,确保信贷资产安全的重要工具。目前,在信贷事务中,由于银行对财产保险的业务操作和产品风险了解不够深入,导致财产保险形同虚设,无法达到对信贷风险的避险功能。本文通过列举分析典型案例,剖析在银行授信业务中与财产保险有关的风险,并提出对授信业务财产保险的风险防范措施。     

城市群区域公共品供给的探索与思考

随着城市群功能结构、内部要素的优化配置与协调,不但经济融为一体,资源利用、环境保护也有融为一体的趋势,可持续发展问题成为城市群作为整体需要解决的重要问题。研究表明,区域公共品的供给是影响城市群可持续发展的重要因素,从博弈角度出发,在纳什均衡前提下,区域公共品在供给充足条件下与供给不足条件下相比,经济主体对资源环境的消耗更少,而获得的利润更大。可见,增加区域公共品供给是解决城市群的可持续发展问题的有效途径。     

从毛泽东到胡锦涛——中国区域经济思想的历史演变

区域经济是国民经济的重要组成部分.区城经济发展战略的制定,关系到一个国家经济发展战略和经济绩效.建国五十多年来,我国区城经济发展思想经过了从平衡发展、非均衡发展、区域协调发展到区域经济一体化的演变过程,并在不同的时期,影响着我国区域经济政策的制定,对国民经济的发展产生重大影响.对从毛泽东到胡锦涛的中国历代领导人的区域经济思想进行述评,揭示了中国区域经济思想的历史演变.     

基于城市群协同发展的中国经济区划

经济区划作为区域经济空间管治的重要战略工具,应与不同时期国民经济发展战略相协调。中国国民经济发展已呈现出区域城市化、城市集群化发展趋势,而且借助现代化、网络化的基础设施,城市间、城市群间空间经济联系日益紧密,为城市群协同发展创造了条件。以城市群协同发展为战略思路,将我国国民经济区划分为泛长三角、泛珠三角与泛渤海等"三大泛经济区",拓展横向经济联系,实现区域协调发展目标。政策应着力于解决外部性与协调问题。     

河南省区域经济发展差异分析

河南省是中国中部的重要省份.自改革开放以来,河南省的国民经济持续快速健康发展,但由于多方面的原因,省内经济发展区域差异明显,如何缩小差距以促进整体和谐发展是当前的重要任务.基于spss11.5统计分析软件和2006年河南省统计年鉴数据,通过构建区域经济评价指标体系,运用因子分析法,分析河南省18个省辖市的区域经济差异情况,并找出产生区域差异的主要影响因素:当前的经济发展水平、区位条件、基础设施及历史积淀,以期提出了缩小区域经济发展差异和持续发展的政策建议.     

中国货币政策中介目标与经济增长

货币政策中介目标是货币政策体系中的重要组成部分,合适的货币中介目标对保持国民经济持续稳定增长具有重要意义。采用基于ARDL模型的协整分析方法,对货币中介目标与中国国民经济增长的关系进行了深入研究,发现通货膨胀率对国民收入的影响幅度最大、货币供应量对国民收入的影响次之,而利率对国民收入的影响相对较小。认为在目前条件下,我国应从过于强调货币供应量指标,转向综合利用多种金融变量来指导货币政策的操作,但在将来市场体系完善后,可考虑采用通货膨胀作为货币政策中介目标。     

我国商业银行跨业经营保险的风险收益状况研究——基于模拟合并法视角

商业银行跨业经营保险在理论上具有规模经济效应、范围经济效应和协同效应,但也可能带来经营风险的增加。采取模拟合并法,利用2005～2009年的数据对我国商业银行跨业经营保险的风险收益状况进行实证分析,结果表明:银行跨业经营保险具有风险分散效果,且一定比例的产险业务对于银行跨业经营保险达到最佳效果是必需的,建议通过对保险业务资产比重进行限制来防止银行因追求收益而增加自身的风险。     

The EAGLE. A model for policy analysis of macroeconomic interdependence in the euro area

We develop a 4-region macroeconomic model of the euro area and the world economy. The model (EAGLE, Euro Area and Global Economy model) is microfounded and designed for conducting quantitative policy analysis of macroeconomic interdependence across regions in the euro area and between the euro area and the world economy. Specifically, we simulate a permanent reduction in labor tax rates in the euro area. The effects on real activity are expansionary in both the short run and long run. Implementing reforms simultaneously across regions would produce extra benefits and make the macroeconomic performance in the euro area more even.     

流动性约束下机构投资者的资产配置——以保险公司为例

流动性是机构投资者资产配置必须考虑的问题之一。本文以保险公司为例,研究流动性不足对保险公司最优资产配置策略和交易策略的影响。使用遗传算法的模拟结果表明,面对流动性不足,保险公司应采取现金流匹配的交易策略以最优化其资产,即首先采用现金支付索赔;当现金资产耗尽时,在变现股票资产以尽量减少大规模销售导致的股票价格临时性和永久性波动的同时,保险公司还应多样化其资产组合,保证能够实现完全交易以减少流动性不足的影响。     

Portfolio behaviour of selected financial institutions in Canada

It is by now fairly well accepted that financial insititutions in general play role in a market-oriented economy. However,the aim of this paper is more limited. More particularty, it examines the nature of substitutability in the protfolios of selected financial institutions in Canada. The institutions covered are commercial banks, trust and mortgage companies, life insurance companies, and property and casualty companies. These four institutions are by far the most important. The assests covered are, in the most part, dictated by the availability of data. In spite of the obvious significance of the subject, there has been remarkably little work in this area in Canada. The only comprehensive study seems to be that by the Bank of Canada (Clinton and Masson, 1975). However, even this study is confined to the behaviour of commercial banks and the trust and mortgage companies, althouth the treatment of the trust and mortgage companies' portfolio is rather minimal only because just one of its assets is studied. The study covered monthly data until the end of December 1973. The scheme of this paper is as follows. In section I, we briefly discuss the model, the data and the estimation procedures used. In section II the results are given and discussed. The paper concludes with a summary of the main results.     

What drags and drives mobility? Explaining Canada's aggregate migration patterns

Understanding the factors that determine the migration of labour between regions is crucial for assessing the response of the economy to macroeconomic shocks and identifying policies that will encourage an efficient reallocation of labour. Using a gravity model, Poisson pseudo‐maximum likelihood specifications and Census data for 69 economic regions, this article examines the determinants of aggregate migration within Canada from 1991 to 2006. Our results suggest that migration tends to increase with differences in labour market performance. We also find that provincial borders have the strongest impact on migration involving low‐populated regions and that distance is most important across provincial borders.     

中国财产保险需求的实证研究:基于险种结构

决定财产保险需求的因素分为宏观性间接因素和结构性直接因素两大部分。选择具有代表性的三个宏观性变量和三个结构性变量,利用2005-2009年我国的省级面板数据,使用逐步回归方法,研究整体财产保险需求和企财险、工程险、车险、信用险等四个要主子险种需求的决定因素。实证结果较好地解释了我国财产保险需求的内因。应逐步建立商业保险补偿为主,社会救济为辅的新型社会风险管理体系。     

Daily Business and External Condition Indices for the Australian Economy

We estimate an unobservable domestic business conditions index for Australia using a variety of observable macroeconomic and financial variables, relating it to an unobservable external index involving external variables relevant to Australia. Our small open economy, dynamic factor model uses stock and flow variables arriving at mixed frequencies. We find important links between the domestic and external indices, consistent with the small open economy assumption.     

The empirical application of a small open economy model: Greece 1954–81

A small macroeconometric model designed to analyse the major macroeconomic aggregates in the open economy of Greece is presented. The specification of the model is based on the assumptions of the ‘Monetary Approach to the Balance of Payments and Exchange Rate determination’. Also, it contains an Expectations Augmented Phillips Curve and consists of seven equations. The empirical findings suggest that for the period 1954–81, the Greek economy did not behave consisently with the particular theoretical or other persuasion model. However, the empirical model tracks reasonbly well the historical values of the endogenous variables and it captures the cyclical behaviour of the economy. The evidence suggests that monetary policy had no significant influence on output growth with its role being confined on determining the balance of payments. On the contrary, fiscal policy played a dominant role in output determination and prices variation.     

A macroeconomic model and stability analysis by parameters

This article focuses on the New Keynesian multiple-equations small-open-economy macroeconomic model to illustrate deeper relations among model parameters. These relations are more important than the basic values of the parameters because it shows how the system behaves when some changes in the economy occur. The first stage of the analysis introduces a theoretical model. The second stage of the analysis estimates the states and parameters of the model on the quarterly data of the Czech economy. The third stage of the analysis focuses on the transfer function of this model and makes a deeper behavior analysis. In the final stage, the article demonstrates the stability of the model, shown through the impulse functions of the model. This shows response of the macroeconomic model to unanticipated shocks. This paper is part of the research activities for the grant project of GA CR Number 402/02/0393.     

Foreign currency debt, risk premia and macroeconomic volatility

This paper studies the relationships between foreign currency debt, macroeconomic volatility, and risk premia in a model of a small open emerging market economy. The external value of the local currency is counter-cyclical, so that foreign currency debt requires larger repayments than local currency debt in bad states of nature. The level of foreign currency-denominated debts, therefore, affects the volatility of aggregate demand and by extension of the exchange rate. Exchange rate volatility is in turn an important determinant of the risk premium on local currency debt. Finally, this risk premium is a major factor in the choice of local versus foreign currency for emerging market borrowers. The mutual endogeneity of foreign currency debt, risk premia, and macroeconomic volatility creates important feedback effects in the economy: small increases in international risk aversion may entail large amplification effects on macroeconomic volatility since domestic borrowers substitute towards cheaper but riskier foreign currency debt finance.