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1.
我国东北区与东北亚技术合作研究   总被引:10,自引:0,他引:10  
刘曙光  陈才 《经济地理》2000,20(1):24-30
本文在比较我国东北区与东北亚国家(地区)间进行技术合作的有利因素与障碍的基础上,提出我国东北区与东北亚国家(地区)技术合作的形式与内容,从而为我国东北区在国际技术合作中进行项目选择与政策制定提供基础.  相似文献   

2.
China has attracted worldwide attention due to the global economic and environmental effects of its rapid economic growth over the last 20 years, with particular attention given to the country's accelerating energy consumption and resulting greenhouse gas emissions. China's electricity sector is particularly important for both of these issues as it accounts for nearly half of its greenhouse gas emissions and even greater proportions of the country's demands for primary fuel resources. In order to better understand how these issues may progress in an economy changing as fast as China's, this paper develops a framework that can be used to help model the electricity sector's future development. The framework builds upon key technological and socio-economic drivers, including those affecting electricity demand (e.g., economic growth, structure, energy efficiency, urbanization, and change in per capita income) and electricity supply (e.g., deregulation, initiatives to promote natural gas, nuclear and renewable energy, air pollution regulations, price developments for coal and natural gas, and changes in generation technology). The framework serves as a foundation for a scenario exercise on the greenhouse gas and fuel consumption impacts of different developmental paths for China's electricity sector. These scenarios and their implications for emissions and fuel consumption are presented in a subsequent article.  相似文献   

3.
新型工业化与东北老工业基地改造对策   总被引:6,自引:0,他引:6  
张平宇 《经济地理》2004,24(6):784-787
东北老工业基地对我国全面建设小康社会仍然具有战略地位。提出东北老工业基地改造要走区域特色的新型工业化道路。针对东北地区的传统思维,阐述了新型工业化道路的关键在于区域创新,即新体制、新结构、新资源、新技术、新开放和新战略。老工业基地改造要采取综合对策:立足传统工业优势,深化国有企业改组改造,加强国内外合作,重点发展具有区域比较优势的装备制造业,实现产业结构的升级;把东北老工业基地改造与城市功能的完善结合起来,重点改造大中城市,走内涵式城市化道路,实现老工业城市的再生;发挥东北地区的智力资源优势,全面提升区域经济竞争力;把乡村工业化作为东北地区新型工业化战略的重要方面,大力发展农产品加工业,改变区域工业化的“二元结构”,在城市工业结构调整和乡村工业化中统筹安排“三农”问题,实现城乡经济的协调发展。  相似文献   

4.
    
The continuing growth of China's electricity sector will affect global environmental and economic sustainability due to its impacts on greenhouse gas emissions and global resource depletion. In 2005, the generation of electricity in China resulted in the emissions of 2290 million metric tonnes of carbon dioxide (approximately 53% of the nation's total) and required 779 million metric tonnes of coal (approximately 50% of China's total coal consumption). These figures are expected to increase with China's economic growth. In order to gauge the range in which fuel consumption and CO2 emissions could grow a scenario-based conceptual model has been developed by the authors (published in (vol.) of this journal). The application and analysis of this shows that under a business as usual (BAU) scenario, electricity generation could contribute upwards of 56% of China's energy related greenhouse gas emissions by 2020. Meanwhile, consumption of coal will also increase, growing to nearly 60% of total national demand by 2020. However, variations in a number of key drivers could produce significant deviation from the BAU scenario. With accelerated economic output, even with greater technological advances and greater potential to bring natural gas on stream, carbon dioxide emissions would rise 10% above the BAU. Alternatively, in a scenario where China's economy grows at a tempered pace, less investment would be available for advanced technologies, developing natural gas infrastructure, or nuclear energy. In this scenario, reduced economic growth and electricity demand would thereby be countered by reduced efficiency and a higher contribution of coal.  相似文献   

5.
本文从阐述"资源诅咒"的命题出发,以省际面板数据为样本,选择煤炭、石油和天然气这三种主要的能源矿产作为研究对象,既从静态角度讨论了地区能源储量与经济发展的关系,又从动态角度研究了能源供求比的变动对经济增长速度的影响,其实证结果表明,煤能源供求比与经济增长显著负相关,同时"资源诅咒"现象在中国客观存在但并非普遍存在,具有相同能源状况的地区经济增长的表现并不一致。  相似文献   

6.
Chinese economic total quantity has leaped to the sixth m the world because ot the tast development for nearly 30 years, and become the world economics powerful nation gradually. The Chinese economic growth has influenced tremendously on the world economic development. Being Chinese close neighbor, how has the Northeast Asia be influenced? This paper will elaborate from the following three aspects: Chinese economic increase made China become important strength to promote the process of regional cooperation; Chinese economic increase made the pattern of Northeast Asian cooperation in economy and trade changed; competition and difference that Chinese economic increase brought to Northeast Asia. The increase of Chinese economic has positive influence on the economy of Northeast Asia, and is one of the powers causing the Northeast Asian economy to grow. At the same time, this kind of influence is mutual. In particular the economic cooperation with Japan is the key to establish the integration of the Northeast Asian economy.  相似文献   

7.
以中国30个省市自治区作为横截面单元,将全国分为三个部分,利用各横截面单元2000~2011年组成的面板数据,建立动态面板数据模型分析工业化、城镇化对能源强度的影响。结果表明:城镇化水平对我国不同地区的影响有显著差异,在东部地区,提高城镇化水平能有效降低能源强度,而就全国范围和中西部地区而言,城镇化水平的提高阻碍了能源强度的降低;工业化水平的提高推动了能源强度的上升。根据得出的结论,文章还对降低能源强度提出了相应的建议。  相似文献   

8.
分析了我国天然气能源供需情况及能源价格情况,构建了天然气分布式冷热电联供系统的经济效益分析模型。利用相关数据,分析了该系统的经济效益,并对影响经济效益的主要因素进行了敏感性分析,构建了天然气分布式冷热电联供系统节能减排效益分析模型,并对该系统的减排效益进行分析。结果表明:天然气分布式冷热电联动系统具有显著的经济效益,可大大降低污染物的排放量。  相似文献   

9.
东北地区的水资源问题、供需态势及对策研究   总被引:11,自引:0,他引:11  
张郁  邓伟  杨建锋 《经济地理》2005,25(4):565-568,541
东北地区是我国水资源相对贫乏的地区,水资源短缺已成为东北老工业基地振兴的制约因素之一。为此,从本地区水资源条件出发,结合东北地区的社会经济发展目标,通过对当前水资源开发利用中存在的问题及未来水资源供需态势的分析,提出了相应的水资源可持续利用对策。  相似文献   

10.
文章运用Laspeyres指数及其分解模型,对中国能源消耗强度进行分解,并对其影响因素进行研究。研究结果表明,1980年以来,中国能源使用效率虽然有了很大的提高,但与发达国家相比,能源消耗强度仍然有很大的下降空间。中国能源消耗强度下降主要是各产业能源使用效率提高的结果,相对于效率份额,结构份额对能源消耗强度的影响也少得多,除了少数年份外,产业结构的调整对降低能源消耗强度的作用是负面的。  相似文献   

11.
中国政府将加快发展能源产业、坚持节约能源和保护环境作为一项基本国策。随着我国经济的不断发展,能源消费总量虽然在逐年增加,但能源利用效率却在不断提高。在中央政府政策的推动下,能源强度虽然呈下降趋势,但近年来下降的速度明显趋于平缓,低于改革开放初期。在分析总结我国能源利用效率变化的趋势和特点的基础上,通过对能源强度系数进行分解,发现能源强度变化的技术效应和结构效应都有减弱的趋势,尤其是结构效应。在此基础上从经济发展和社会因素两方面,进一步探讨了阻碍我国能源利用效率进一步提升的原因。  相似文献   

12.
中国政府将加快发展能源产业、坚持节约能源和保护环境作为一项基本国策。随着我国经济的不断发展,能源消费总量虽然在逐年增加,但能源利用效率却在不断提高。在中央政府政策的推动下,能源强度虽然呈下降趋势,但近年来下降的速度明显趋于平缓,低于改革开放初期。在分析总结我国能源利用效率变化的趋势和特点的基础上,通过对能源强度系数进行分解,发现能源强度变化的技术效应和结构效应都有减弱的趋势,尤其是结构效应。在此基础上从经济发展和社会因素两方面,进一步探讨了阻碍我国能源利用效率进一步提升的原因。  相似文献   

13.
对工业适度重型化背景下的高碳发展惯性特征进行分析和预测,并以广东为重点,利用对数平均权重分解法( LMDI)研究工业能源消费历史碳排放的驱动因素。结果表明,广东工业重型化和高碳化在未来一段时期仍将处于惯性高位区间,工业碳排放峰值预计出现在2025年左右;由技术进步诱发的能源效率提升是过去十多年来碳排放增长减缓的主要影响因素,而产业结构和能源结构调整尚未发挥足够的降碳效应。结合广东工业适度重型化发展特征,研究认为,能源效率提升仍是现阶段广东工业碳减排的主要途径。随着技术进步效应的边际递减,中远期碳减排的主要动力源于产业结构和能源结构的优化。  相似文献   

14.
选取经济社会发展综合水平、产业发展水平和科技发展水平三个一级指标以及相应的十六个二级指标,构建区域科技需求强度的综合评价指标体系。使用这一指标体系,对北部湾经济区科技需求强度进行评价,并与广西各经济区、区外地区进行比较。北部湾经济区的科技需求强度处于广西中游水平,高于广西平均水平也高于湖南、贵州,不过远低于广东。修正、建立产业科技需求强度评价指标体系,评价北部湾经济区各产业科技需求强度。对北部湾经济区科技需求强度变化趋势的预测,表明其未来几年将呈快速增长态势。应做好北部湾经济区所需科技的廓清、遴选工作,确定科技尤其是关键共性技术的需求内容,以此推进北部湾经济区的科技发展。  相似文献   

15.
The main objective of this article is to evaluate determinants of demand for light fuels in Brazil between 2003 and 2013. Through a vector autoregression analysis, an effort was made to identify and quantify the impact of different economic variables and public policy measures adopted during this period on the surprising increase in energy consumption by Brazil’s light-vehicle fleet. The results suggest that demand for energy by the light-vehicle fleet was influenced by an increase in income, by a decrease in fuel prices associated with a policy designed to prevent increases in the price of gasoline from pushing the inflation rate up, by a higher availability of credit for buying vehicles, and by a drop in the real price of those goods, with emphasis on countercyclical measures to waive the tax on industrialized products levied on new vehicles during economic downturns in the automotive industry.  相似文献   

16.
    
In this study, we investigate the impact factors on air pollution in terms of CO2, SO2 and NOx emissions simultaneously in China and compare changes in air pollution across provinces from 1998 to 2011 using a Multiple Indicators and Multiple Causes Model (MIMIC) within a Structural Equation Model (SEM) framework. Our findings reveal that GDP per capita and total population have the largest impacts on air pollution, followed by energy intensity, foreign direct investment, population density, and industrialization. The results also reveal that the inverted U-shaped Environmental Kuznets Curve (EKC) hypothesis exists in China. Our findings also demonstrate that Shandong, Jiangxi and Liaoning are the top three provinces with the most deteriorated air quality while Xinjiang, Fujian and Ningxia are with the best. These results not only contribute to advancing the existing literature, but also merit particular attention from policy-makers in China.  相似文献   

17.
首先对中国煤炭需求与经济增长的关系进行验证,然后将工业化水平、城市化率等变量纳入煤炭需求协整模型,分析了经济增长、工业化水平、城市化率、煤炭价格、煤炭利用效率和能源替代效应对煤炭需求的影响,并预测了在3种经济增长速度(高、中、低)下2012—2030年中国的煤炭需求。结果显示:未来20年期间中国煤炭需求仍将持续增长;经济低速增长下中国煤炭需求的增幅远低于经济高速或中速增长下的增幅;在城市化和工业化进程中,煤炭消费总量将经历刚性高增长阶段;煤炭利用效率、煤炭价格和能源替代效应对煤炭需求有一定影响。  相似文献   

18.
This article uses an extended gravity model to examine the impact of the free trade agreement between the Association of Southeast Asian Nations (ASEAN) and the People’s Republic of China (PRC) on their trade flows and patterns. New determinants are utilized to capture the growing importance of global production sharing and intraregional trade in parts and components in East Asia. We show that the free trade agreement leads to substantially higher and more pronounced bilateral trade flows between ASEAN and the PRC than what a conventional gravity model predicts and the increase is concentrated in ASEAN countries that have stronger industrial linkages with the PRC.  相似文献   

19.
在经济高速发展的同时,缺水、水污染、水生态环境恶化等一系列问题日益突出,制约着广州经济的发展,部分地区出现水质性缺水,经济发展对水资源需求的增长同水资源缺乏和污染之间的矛盾日益尖锐。文章通过对水资源近期和长期需求的预测来反映未来广州市不同时点水资源的供需能力,并对广州市水资源的可持续利用与发展提出了相应建议。  相似文献   

20.
东北地区产业结构演变与城市化相互作用过程   总被引:6,自引:0,他引:6  
文章在分析东北地区产业结构演变与城市化发展阶段性特征的基础上,对东北地区城市化与产业结构、就业结构的变化关系进行了相关分析,明确了影响城市化水平阶段性变化的主要因素,并在此基础上,对城市化与产业结构之间的相互作用关系变化进行了偏差分析,认为东北地区城市化偏差的实质在于工业化的偏差,最后针对这种偏差提出了纠偏对策,即实现东北地区产业结构与城市化协调发展的主要对策.  相似文献   

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