钢纤维混凝土在高层建筑抗震结构中的应用

本文主要从钢纤维混凝土梁柱节点的应用研究、钢纤维混凝土增强联肢墙洞口连梁的应用、钢纤维钢筋高强混凝土柱延性的应用、钢纤维混凝土在桩基承台和筏形基础中的应用以及钢纤维混凝土在屋面板中的应用这五方面对钢纤维混凝土在高层建筑抗震结构中的应用进行分析.     

钢纤维混凝土在高层建筑抗震结构中的应用

本文主要从钢纤维混凝土梁柱节点的应用研究、钢纤维混凝土增强联肢墙洞口连梁的应用、钢纤维钢筋高强混凝土柱延性的应用、钢纤维混凝土在桩基承台和筏形基础中的应用以及钢纤维混凝土在屋面板中的应用这五方面对钢纤维混凝土在高层建筑抗震结构中的应用进行分析。     

泡沫混凝土在建筑工程中的应用及发展现状

泡沫混凝土的特性、泡沫混凝土的生产工艺、我国泡沫混凝土的应用现状、国外泡沫混凝土应用的新进展。     

混凝土外加剂在水利工程项目中的有效应用

混凝土外加剂在水利工程中的应用越来越广泛,混凝土外加剂有助于合理调整混凝土含水量以及强度,从而显著提升混凝土稳定性.本文则对混凝土外加剂在水利工程项目中的应用探讨.     

高性能混凝土在道桥工程中的应用

高性能混凝土是一种以耐久性为主要指标，同时又具有很多优点的新型混凝土。随着对交通运输要求的不断提高，采用高性能混凝土来提高路面的寿命以及减少路面的维护。本文主要从高性能混凝土的特性、高性能混凝土的应用范围、高性能混凝土在桥梁中的应用以及高性能混凝土在道路中的应用这几方面来进行分析的。     

水利水电工程中的混凝土施工技术应用

混凝土施工技术的应用,能提升水利水电施工的工程质量,能够促进我国水利水电工程的发展,所以,进一步提高混凝土施工技术水平,让其更好地应用到水利水电施工中则尤为重要.基于此,下文先对混凝土施工技术进行了简单阐述,接着分析了水利水电工程中的混凝土施工技术应用,最后探析了水利水电工程混凝土施工管理的有效措施.     

掺聚丙烯纤维混凝土在某人防工程的应用

结合实际工程应用掺入聚丙烯纤维的商品混凝土,减少混凝土的收缩裂缝,从而提高地下室外墙(楼板)的抗渗能力.通过与普通混凝土试件和成型效果对比,初步探索掺聚丙烯纤维混凝土施工方法和应用效果.     

市政路桥施工中混凝土施工技术的应用

随着经济的快速发展,市政路桥工程也得到了极大的发展,在市政路桥施工中经常会应用到混凝土施工技术,而其中混凝土施工技术包括很多类型,不同的类型其在应用上也存在着一定的差距,本文就针对混凝土施工技术在市政路桥施工中的作用进行了阐述,同时针对不同的混凝土施工技术的应用进行了分析,为今后市政路桥更好的应用混凝土施工技术提供一定的借鉴.     

浅谈建筑施工技术管理及混凝土施工技术应用

结合实际工作经验,简单分析了建筑施工技术管理的必要性,重点分析了混凝土的施工技术应用。混凝土的施工技术在国内建筑施工中应用范围极其广泛,发展与创新混凝土的施工技术是保证建筑工程质量的根本。在混凝土施工技术的具体应用过程中,在严格把握施工技术要点的同时也要坚持与实际相结合。     

浅议钢纤维混凝土

钢纤维混凝土是一种新型的复合建筑材料,其物理和力学性能优于普通混凝土,在建筑工程界具有很大的实用价值。本文介绍了钢纤维混凝土材料的优越性能以及在工程中的实际应用,为钢纤维混凝土材料在工程中的应用提供理论依据与工程实践,并在文章最后指出了钢纤维混凝土的发展方向。     

OUTWARD INVESTMENT TO CHINA AND LOCAL INNOVATION OF TAIWANESE MANUFACTURING FIRMS

Does outward investment induce more domestic innovation or simply move local innovative efforts to foreign plants? This question is topical and relevant to Taiwan in view of its large share of outward investment concentrated in China and the special political relationship between the two sides of the Taiwan Strait. The purpose of this paper is to examine the effect of outward investment in China on domestic innovative activity in Taiwan. Overall, this study finds that a positive relationship exists between outward investment and innovation in terms of R&D intensity and patents, implying that investing in China is part of a global resource allocation strategy of Taiwanese multinational enterprises to allocate production in China and pay more attention to innovative activity in their domestic plants. Moreover, the deregulation of the policy regarding investing in China in 2001 has induced an upsurge in investment in China, although it does not seem to have brought about an outflow of technologies.     

The evolution of post-communist systems

I propose in this article a new interpretation of the evolution of post-communist systems by comparing the evolutions in Central and Eastern Europe and in China. Transition is reinterpreted as the result of a collapse of communist state structures in Central and Eastern Europe and, in China, in contrast, as the result of the will to prevent such an outcome. This reconceptualization helps us to better understand the emergence of bad institutions and corruption in Eastern Europe under the market economy as well as the absence of political liberalization in China and the strengthening of the power of the Communist Party in recent years.     

Trade Liberalization in Agriculture in Developed Nations and Incidence of Child Labour in a Developing Economy

This paper is an attempt to analyse the consequence of trade liberalization in agriculture in the developed countries on the incidence of child labour in a developing economy in terms of a three‐sector general equilibrium model with informal sectors. Adult labour and child labour are substitutes for each other in the two informal sectors of the economy and are used together apart from capital in producing two exportable commodities. The interesting result that appears from the analysis is that agricultural trade liberalization in the developed countries may be effective in bringing down the incidence of child labour in the system. The paper substantiates the desirability of trade liberalization in agriculture in the developed nations from the perspective of the developing economies for reasons other than welfare improvement.     

Employment polarisation and inequality in the UK and Hungary

This paper uses household budget survey microdata to explorethe growth in household income inequality in Hungary in theperiod 1987–1995, and compares it with inequality in theUK in 1995–96. Decomposition of inequality according toboth household characteristics and income sources shows that,while inequality did grow rapidly in Hungary over the earlyTransition period, several factors prevented its growth to higherlevels. One of these factors, the distribution of employmentand earnings between households, is explored in some detail.While there was considerable polarisation between householdswith and without employed members in the UK in 1995–96,this was less of a feature in Hungary, in spite of a massivewithdrawal of men and women from the labour market between 1987and 1995. Rather, a narrowing of the gender pay gap and a continuedhigh level of female participation in employment appears tohave ensured that, even as earnings inequality in Hungary increasedto the extent that it surpassed earnings inequality in the UK,the distribution of household earnings, and the distributionof household incomes, remained more equal in Hungary.     

重庆市城市用地供需状况研究

首先从供给数量和供给质量两方面,分析了重庆市区城市建设用地的供给状况。耕地在重庆市城市建设用地的供给来源中占有重要地位,但供给数量有限;受重庆市区自然条件的限制,城市建设用地的质量较差,表现在坡地多、平地少,冲沟多、地块小,难建地多、宜建地少,所以,重庆市城市建设用地的供给能力相当有限。其次,分析了重庆市区城市建设用地的需求状况。从城市GDP的增长、重点建设项目和城市人均用地水平的提高这三个方面分析了城市建设用地的未来需求趋势。结论是：重庆城市建设用地的供给相当有限,而需求量很大;随着未来重庆市经济社会的发展,城市用地的供需矛盾将成为城市发展中面临的一个重大问题。从合理利用和保护土地资源,为重庆的经济发展提供用地支持和保障的角度出发,文章就此问题提出了对策和建议。     

Wage Inequality,Increased Competition,and Trade Liberalization: Short Run vs Long Run

This paper examines the impact of increased competition and trade liberalization on skilled–unskilled wage inequality in the short run as well as the long run. It is shown that an increase in the number of firms in the producer services sector increases wage inequality in the short run even if the income shares of capital in the industrial and agricultural sectors were identical. A decrease in the services sector's fixed cost decreases wage inequality in the short run if the income share of capital in the agricultural sector is relatively large. Owing to the presence of external economies, a decrease in the services sector's fixed cost increases wage inequality in the long run. A decrease in import duty on the agricultural good increases wage inequality in the short as well as the long run but its effect in the long run is stronger due to the presence of external economies in the industrial sector.     

Trade Liberalization and the Efficiency of Firms in Indian Manufacturing

Has the efficiency of firms in India improved since its liberalization in 1991? The authors attempt to answer this question by analyzing the determinants of firm‐level efficiency in six manufacturing sectors in India while focusing on the effects of liberalization and domestic competition. They find that there was an increase in overall efficiency in the post‐reform period in India in five out of the six sectors. While imports do not seem to improve efficiency, liberalization did increase efficiency in four of the sectors.     

THE CASE FOR REGIONAL POLICIES*

In Britain, as in other countries, we have become acutely aware in recent years of the existence of a 'regional' problem—the problem, that is, of different regions growing at uneven rates; with some regions developing relatively fast and others tending to be left behind. In some ways this problem of fast and slow growing regions has not led to the same kind of inequalities in regional standards of living, in culture or in social structure, in the case of Britain as in some other countries—such as Italy, the United States or France. And in general, the problem of regional inequalities within countries is not nearly so acute as that between the rich and poor countries of the world—with differences in living standards in the ratio of 20:1, or even 50:1, as between the so-called 'advanced' countries and the 'developing' countries. Yet, as investigations by Kuznets and others have shown, the tremendous differences that now divide the rich and poor nations are comparatively recent in origin. They are the cumulative result of persistent differences in growth rates that went on over periods that may appear long in terms of a life-span, but which are relatively short in terms of recorded human history—not more than a few centuries, in fact. Two hundred, or two-hundred-and-fifty years ago, the differences in living standards, or in the 'stage' of both economic and cultural development of different countries, or parts of the globe, were very much smaller than they are today.     

THE EVOLUTION OF EDUCATION: A MACROECONOMIC ANALYSIS

Between 1940 and 2000 there was a substantial increase in educational attainment in the United States. What caused this trend? We develop a model of human capital accumulation that features a nondegenerate distribution of educational attainment in the population. We use this framework to assess the quantitative contribution of technological progress and changes in life expectancy in explaining the evolution of educational attainment. The model implies an increase in average years of schooling of 24%, which is the increase observed in the data. We find that technological variables and in particular skill‐biased technical change represent the most important factors in accounting for the increase in educational attainment. The strong response of schooling to changes in income is informative about the potential role of educational policy and the impact of other trends affecting lifetime income.     

A Report on the March 2001 Investor Sentiment Survey

Steep declines in the value of publicly traded stocks in the first quarter of 2001 left many market observers speculating whether investor sentiment had undergone a significant and negative change, and whether investors would subsequently flee stocks in favor of less volatile investment options. A survey study of investor expectations and confidence was conducted in late March 2001 to capture investor sentiment and compare it with similar measures taken in surveys conducted in 1998 during a period of rapid market incline. The surprising results are that there are only minor differences in investor sentiment in terms of: (a) confidence in the long and intermediate performance of the stock markets; (b) composition of stocks versus bonds in their portfolios; (c) the intention to buy on the dips; (d) the amount of risk investors plan to undertake. The high level of investor confidence observed in 2001 (in spite of a severe drop in market value) is potentially accounted for by psychological processes that influence investor judgment. These processes include reliance on image-driven affective evaluations of common stocks that contribute to excessive optimism.