黄山风景区门票定价策略探析

近年来,随着国民经济的不断提高,我国的旅游业迅速崛起,愿望日益强烈,景区门票价格问题渐渐成为社会公众关注的重要话题。文章从黄山风景区门票价格制定的影响因素为出发点,进而指出黄山风景区门票定价存在的问题,最后提出对黄山景区门票价格制定的对策建议。     

北京市旅游景区门票价格变迁、管理现状与发展趋势研究

以北京市旅游景区为研究对象，分析了景区门票价格的变迁、景区管理和门票价格管理现状，以及景区门票价格的变动趋势，以期为旅游景区门票价格的制定提供相关借鉴与依据。     

我国景区门票价格上涨的调控对策

我国景区门票价格的轮番上涨引发了社会各界人士的紧密关注,各类涨价理由招致了大众的质疑。文章通过各类数据分析,阐述了我国景区门票价格现存问题、分析了我国景区价格上涨的内在原因。最后从经营目标、资金渠道、景区管理、资源保护、听证制度五个方面提出了调控价格上涨建议。     

国内景区门票价格的问题与改革

景区门票是游客进入景区的凭证,通过对国内外景区门票价格差异的对比,可以发现中国景区门票在价格上存在着很多问题,最为明显的就是价格偏高,因此必须对此进行改革,以使门票价格回归合理范围,健康持续地发展旅游经济。     

新疆5A级旅游景区门票价格问题及发展对策研究

就新疆5A级旅游景区门票价格存在的问题进行研究,发现新疆5A级景区存在门票价格偏高、实际门票价格与游客消费的心理承受能力存在巨大差距、部分景点门票价格上涨过快、门票价格信息不透明三个方面的问题,并针对不同的问题提出相应的发展对策。     

我国公共景区门票价格政府规制研究

当前我国公共景区门票存在价格偏高、上涨偏快、占景区收入比重偏大等问题,违背了门票设置与管理政策的本义.为此,必须重新审视公共景区门票性质,校正门票功能,并根据不同景区情况采取门票价格上限规制、门票价格剔除规制和门票价格公益性规制等不同方式,从而更好地保护公共景区发挥其应有的服务职能.     

中国世界遗产地门票价格管理问题研究

建设性破坏和过度开发是中国世界遗产旅游开发存在的主要问题,也是遗产保护与发展所争论的焦点。2004年北京六大世遗门票上涨事件引发了全国各遗产景区的连锁反应,门票价格管理问题成为人们关注的重点问题。本文在全面分析世界遗产地门票价格及其管理现状的基础上,重点探究了当前世界遗产地门票价格管理存在的问题,并提出了若干改进与完善思路。     

基于凤凰古城门票定价模型的实证分析

本文通过对该领域相关成果借鉴与整理,确定出影响国内景区门票价格的几个主要影响因素,并计算出其对门票价格制定的影响权重,同时建立了相应的评分机制,从而对湘西凤凰古城进行了实证分析,并计算出了相对合理的门票价格,这对凤凰古城的门票制定者制定门票具有一定的参考意义.     

基于博弈视角的皖江城市带旅游景区利益群体关系测度分析

文章基于旅游景区利益群体关系复杂的背景,运用博弈论中的不完全信息动态博弈理论,分析我国旅游景区利益群体间的利益构成、影响因素和博弈形成的不同格局,通过对皖江城市带景区利益群体关系实证分析,探讨利益群体间的博弈关系发展轨迹,并从门票价格制定、旅行社服务质量、当地居民行为规范、景区的服务与接待能力提升和政府利益再分配等方面,提出改善我国旅游景区利益群体关系的对策。     

我国旅游景区门票定价策略研究

随着国内旅游业的迅猛发展,国内很多景区门票暴涨,同时一些原本免费开放的景区也开始收取相应的门票费用。文章结合旅游景区的本质,在对中外景区门票进行对比后,应用需求弹性分析说明景区门票价格的变动对游客数量的影响,当需求弹性大于1时,景区门票价格的变动对游客影响较大;需求弹性小于1时,价格的变动对游客数量影响较小。最后说明景区门票定价时,要充分考虑景区资源的垄断和稀缺性,景区的效用和其他竞争资源等方面的内容,以实现旅游景区的价值并且确保景区的可持续发展。     

基于同业竞争的中小企业贷款定价模式设计

利率市场化改革备件下,本文站在银行的角度建立一个适合中小企业的贷款定价模型,以此帮助银行更好地为中小企业融资服务。本文首先基三种贷款定价模式的比较研究,归纳提出了适合区域性商业银行特征的中小企业贷款定价理念——“基于同业竞争的贷款定价法”;其次,探讨了影响商业银行贷款定价机制的微观因素,如资金成本、违约风险、预期收益等;第三,综合市场结构和风险度量两个主要因素,利用审断回归分析建立同业竞争贷款定价模型;最后,采用某区域性商业银行的数据来进行实证检验,从而说明使用这种基于同业竞争的贷款定价模型是解决目前中小企业融资难问题的一条可行的道路。     

异质信念资产定价研究

从随机游走、行为金融到混沌，从现代资产定价理论、行为资产定价理论到异质信念资产定价理论，3种学说和3种定价理论同时存在干当今资本市场的研究中，它们分别从不同方面、不同视角解释了资产价格的波动。本文的研究理清了3种重要定价理论之间的关系：理性与有限理性，线性与非线性，价格波动的外在机制与内在机制，为人们进一步研究资产定价理论提供了清晰的脉络。     

Optimal pricing when rational consumers anticipate monitoring cost

This article considers a monopolistic firm’s optimal pricing decision over two periods among dynamic pricing, preannounced pricing and single pricing. In the models, consumers rationally determine whether to exhibit strategic waiting by weighing their costs against prospectively lower price. Our analysis yields three main results. First, single pricing that completely eliminates strategic waiting surely would be dominated by intertemporal pricing when facing rational consumers. Second, preannounced pricing may actually yield lower revenue than dynamic pricing when considering its effect on the reduction of consumer monitoring cost. Only when monitoring costs under dynamic pricing and under preannounced pricing are equal, is firm revenue weakly greater under preannounced pricing than under dynamic pricing. Third, in dynamic pricing equilibrium, increasing monitoring cost may increase firm revenue, consumer surplus and social welfare simultaneously.     

转移成本、价格歧视和非对称寡头竞争

通过在Hotelling空间差异模型的基础上结合转移成本构建非对称企业竞争博弈模型.主要研究在非对称情况下,两企业在一致定价与价格歧视下竞争的均衡结果.还对两种不同定价体制下的均衡结果进行了比较,分析价格歧视是否强化竞争.研究发现价格歧视对竞争的效应是不确定的,很大程度受到两企业不对称程度的影响.     

Frederic Lee and Post-Keynesian Pricing Theory

Frederic Lee has been a major contributor to post-Keynesian economics, mainly to its theory of pricing. This article summarizes his objections to the neoclassical view of the firm and pricing, as well as his view that changes in quantities, rather than in prices, provide the important information to firms. It also outlines Lee's views on competition, and examines the three pricing doctrines Lee carefully analyzed—markup pricing (associated with Kalecki), normal-cost pricing or full-cost pricing (associated with Andrews), and target-return or administered pricing (associated with Means). The article then discusses the relationship between Lee and three strands of post-Keynesianism: Kaleckian, Sraffian and Eichnerian pricing theories. It explains why Lee objected to some features of each of these. The article concludes by discussing why, towards the end of his life, Lee felt (mistakenly) that his ideas had been dismissed by heterodox economists.     

Consumption Externalities,Coordination, and Advertising*

The aim of this article is to demonstrate that advertising can have an important function in markets with consumption externalities apart from its persuasive and informative roles. We show that advertising may function as a device to coordinate consumer expectations of the purchasing decisions of other consumers in markets with consumption externalities. The implications of advertising as a coordinating device are examined in the pricing and advertising decisions of firms interacting strategically. Although, at times, the one‐period advertising expense can exceed the one‐period monopoly profit, in equilibrium, consumers will pay a premium for the more heavily advertised brand.     

THE WELFARE PERFORMANCE OF SEQUENTIAL PRICING MECHANISMS*

Consumers are commonly required to subscribe to particular tariff options before uncertainty regarding their future purchases gets resolved. Since the general comparison of welfare performance of different pricing mechanisms is ambiguous, this article empirically evaluates the expected welfare associated with standard nonlinear pricing and optional tariffs by using information directly linked to the type of individual consumers. Results show that tariffs composed of nonlinear options do not necessarily outperform simpler pricing strategies in terms of expected profits. Furthermore, evidence suggests that a menu of optional two‐part tariffs dominates any other pricing strategy from an expected welfare perspective.     

Option valuation with liquidity risk and jumps

This article provides a simple model for pricing and hedging options in the presence of jumps and liquidity costs. In the article, liquidity risk is modelled via a stochastic supply curve function and a jump-diffusion process is approximated by a Markov chain. Local risk minimization incorporating liquidity risk is proposed to price and hedge European options in this discrete-time model. Moreover, an example is provided to implement the modified risk minimization method and to demonstrate the performance of hedging strategies.     

信息环境与公允价值的股价相关性——来自中国证券市场的经验证据

文章研究了不同信息环境下公允价值的股价相关性。公允价值的信息披露是否以及如何影响股票定价,一直是会计理论研究和会计准则制定研究的重要方面。2006年我国会计准则的改革为研究上述问题提供了重要的契机。根据中国上市公司按照新旧准则编制两份年报提供的数据,文章采用Ohlson模型分析了公允价值信息披露与股票定价之间的关系。结果表明,信息环境对公允价值在股票定价中的作用存在显著的影响,即公司与投资者之间的信息不对称程度越高,公允价值对股票定价的增量作用越显著。     

行为资产定价理论综述

如何刻画投资者行为是资产定价理论 50年来发展的主要脉络。在消费资本资产定价模型基础上 ,通过修正投资者的效用函数而发展起来的行为资产定价理论 ,对投资者行为的认识达到了新的高度。本文构造了行为资产定价的一般均衡研究框架 ,指出了此框架与行为金融理论的区别 ,并在此框架下 ,综述了当前流行的行为资产定价模型。文章最后分析了行为资产定价理论的下一步发展方向。