国外商业银行操作风险管理的比较及对我国的启示

有关商业银行操作风险的防范,正日益引起各金融机构的重视,建立和完善操作风险管理体系已经成为现代商业银行急需解决的重大课题。本文通过分析美国商业银行、德意志商业银行和荷兰使用银行的操作风险管理体系,这些国家商业银行操作风险管理取得了很大的成功,并将风险管理能力作为核心竞争力来进行,使资本实力和盈利能力得到增长,国际先进银行的操作风险管理经验为我国商业银行提供启示。所以,我国商业银行业应从实际出发认真借鉴国外先进经验,从体制和机制改革入手积极防范和控制操作风险。     

浅析我国金融机构操作风险的防范

近年来,随着金融体制的不断改革,我国金融机构也得到了长足的发展。与此同时,金融机构面临的风险和竞争也日益彰显。目前,操作风险对金融机构的影响越发突出,正视日益严重的操作风险,加强和完善内部风险管理与控制,已经成为金融机构生存发展的重要条件。因此我们要建全我国金融机构体制,完善操作风险防范机制,建立严格的责任追究制度,唤醒我国金融机构对操作风险的重新认识,预防操作风险再次发生,以确保我国金融业更好地运转。     

刍论商业银行操作风险

近年来由于商业银行操作风险引起的损失事件频繁发生，逐渐让人们认识到操作风险在风险管理中的重要性，操作风险己成为市场风险和信用风险之后，金融机构面临的又一重要风险。本文在分析操作风险危害的基础上提出对风险监测的方法以及对我国商业银行的启示。     

关于银行业金融机构操作风险管理的问题及对策分析

国内银行业金融机构近年来虽然越来越重视防范操作风险,但是与发达国家商业银行操作风险管理水平相比,在风险管理理念、风险管理组织架构、风险控制手段等方面仍然存在较大差距.本文针对国内商业银行风险管理的现状,提出了要抓住关键实施标本兼治,营造风险管理文化,建立操作风险的全过程管理,提高制度执行力,落实责任追究,提高风险管理科技含量等风险防范对策.     

关于银行业金融机构操作风险管理的问题及对策分析

国内银行业金融机构近年来虽然越来越重视防范操作风险，但是与发达国家商业银行操作风险管理水平相比，在风险管理理念、风险管理组织架构、风险控制手段等方面仍然存在较大差距。本文针对国内商业银行风险管理的现状，提出了要抓住关键实施标本兼治，营造风险管理文化，建立操作风险的全过程管理，提高制度执行力，落实责任追究，提高风险管理科技含量等风险防范对策。     

保险在商业银行操作风险管理中的应用

伴随着国际银行业全面风险管理理念和框架的基本建立,新巴塞尔资本协议对商业银行的操作风险给予了高度重视,并且将成熟的风险管理工具——保险引入商业银行操作风险管理中。在界定商业银行操作风险的基础上,详细探讨了操作风险管理中得到广泛运用的保险产品,并对引入保险后的资本准备金替代方法进行了比较分析。     

刍议我国商业银行操作性风险管理

随着新巴塞尔协议将操作风险纳入风险管理框架,操作风险日益成为全球银行业风险管理的重要研究领域。我国也开始把注意力转移到操作风险上来,然而却忽视了对操作性风险这一最基本风险的管理。本文首先从我国目前银行业操作性风险的现状出发,然后强调了我国商业银行操作性风险管理的必要性,分析其成因井对我国商业银行操作性风险管理提出若干建议。     

商业银行操作风险管理研究

在金融领域竞争加剧、金融风险趋于多样化、复杂化的情况下,有关操作风险的防范正日益引起各金融机构的重视。文章通过分析操作风险的定义及操作风险管理现状,揭示出我国商业银行目前在操作风险防范方面存在的问题,从而提出防范操作风险的对策建议。     

现代金融机构操作风险管理研究

近年来操作风险管理的兴起成为全球金融界的重要现象,业界和监管界对其定义、性质和管理框架的共识已经基本形成。在操作风险衡量技术上,以损失分布法为代表的量化方法正在兴起,但面临数据难题和有效性争论。在管理策略和方法上,风险规避、控制降低、多样化分散、风险转嫁和风险吸收等多种策略,以及保险、业务外包、提取资本金、风险定价等多种手段,开始被应用于操作风险管理,面临国际化和现代化的我国金融机构应该从中学习和借鉴这些先进的理念、制度和方法。     

刍议我国商业银行操作性风险管理

随着新巴塞尔协议将操作风险纳入风险管理框架,操作风险日益成为全球银行业风险管理的重要研究领域.我国也开始把注意力转移到操作风险上来,然而却忽视了对操作性风险这一最基本风险的管理.本文首先从我国目前银行业操作性风险的现状出发,然后强调了我国商业银行操作性风险管理的必要性,分析其成因并对我国商业银行操作性风险管理提出若干建议.     

A capital adequacy buffer model

We develop a new capital adequacy buffer model (CABM) that is sensitive to dynamic economic circumstances. The model, which measures additional bank capital required to compensate for fluctuating credit risk, is a novel combination of the Merton structural model, which measures distance to default and the timeless capital asset pricing model (CAPM), which measures additional returns to compensate for additional share price risk. We apply the model to a portfolio of mid-cap loan assets over a 10-year period that includes pre-GFC (global financial crisis), GFC and post-GFC. An analysis of actual defaults over this period shows the model to be far more accurate in determining the capital adequacy levels needed to counter credit risk than an unresponsive ratings model such as the Basel standardized approach.     

Typology for flight-to-quality episodes and downside risk measurement

We propose a total return-based framework to measure downside risk associated with phenomenon of capital outflows from riskier to safer financial markets. The proposed method consists of three elements: (i) the general definition of the flight-to-quality (FtQ) phenomenon, (ii) the typological classification of the flight-to-quality occurrences for associating them with the phases of the business cycle and (iii) the automated technique to diagnose the time frames and to measure the impact of flight-to-quality on financial instruments. The proposed framework is applied to analyse the global-scale capital inflows/outflows from emerging markets public debt to the US Treasuries and vice versa. The results show that different phases of business cycles and GDP growth rates, including turning points, could be associated with flights-to-quality of different types and causality origins. Addressing downside risk crystallizations in flight-to-quality occurrences, new perspectives of integrated interest rate risk and credit risk management are discussed. For strengthening financial stability, we suggest the use of flight-to-quality windows as scenarios for stress testing, both for banks and financial institutions.     

论中国金融风险管理的主要方法

新巴塞尔协议作为国际金融监管和金融风险管理的新标准,其意义不仅仅体现在指导银行的资本充足率水平和信用风险管理等方面,对中国金融风险管理的发展也有借鉴意义。对于中国金融风险管理而言,信息不对称和监管机制不完善是目前的主要问题。随着国际金融风险的加剧与潜在危机的扩散,长期处于封闭式管理的中国金融机构必须与国际接轨,参照先进国际金融系统的规则与标准,在借鉴新巴塞尔协议的风险防范机制和金融监管机制基础之上,制定中国特色的金融风险管理标准和监管体系。     

International capital flows,liquidity risk,and monetary policy

In recent years, there has been a large amount of lending coming from the public sector of many developing countries. At the same time, the financial sectors in many advanced countries have issued a large share of portfolio debt to other countries. What are the implications of these events for the global financial system and overall economic activity? Do they have an impact on the transmission channels of monetary policy across countries at different stages of economic development? We investigate these important issues using a micro-founded model of money and banking so that the effects of monetary policy across countries can be meaningfully studied. Notably, the increase in capital outflows to the advanced economy renders monetary policy in developing countries to be less effective, while the effects of monetary policy in advanced economies are more pronounced. Yet, our results indicate that it can indeed be optimal for lower income countries to lend to the advanced world. Importantly, we find that the optimal amount of lending to advanced countries critically depends on the degree of liquidity risk — if it is sufficiently high, then public sector lending to advanced economies is not warranted. Consequently, our results indicate that governments in developing countries should carefully consider how much capital they send abroad to foreign countries.     

Financial development,financial liberalization and social capital

The relationship between financial liberalization policies and financial development is controversial. The impact of these policies differs greatly across countries. In the literature, the quality of formal institutions has been identified as an important source of this heterogeneity, as countries with a weak institutional environment generally fail to benefit from financial liberalization. Using panel data covering 82 countries for the period 1973–2008, we find evidence that social capital may substitute for formal institutions as a prerequisite for effective financial liberalization policies. In particular, we find that during the post Washington-consensus period countries with a high prevailing level of social capital can ensure that financial liberalization positively influences financial development, despite the poor quality of their formal institutions.     

Private capital inflows and stock market interface in sub-Saharan Africa

The financial market school of thought argues that financial market plays a key role in facilitating capital flows to less developed countries of the world. This school considers stock market a strong and potent channel of attracting and mobilizing capital for development across the globe. The study in this paper is therefore undertaken to determine the validity of this argument, by investigating how the stock market interfaces with other variables to influence capital flows to sub-Saharan Africa. The empirical evidence clearly validates the importance of stock market by showing its direct positive impact on all the components of private capital inflows, an impact that is significantly enhanced by return on investment in the market. The stock market is also revealed to have a maximum threshold that suggests it possesses the capacity to channel a significant proportion of potential capital inflows. These findings point to the importance of raising the level of stock market development in order to attract more capital flows to the region, and indeed the less developed regions of the world.     

金融操作风险的度量与管理

业界正在努力采取一种系统性的方法去度量并管理风险：借用保险公司的有关工具去量化操作风险，借用市场风险的有关工具去管理操作风险，而且监管当局也将操作风险纳入资本要求之中以便更有效地控制操作风险。本文对操作风险进行了概念界定，并且介绍了操作风险的度量和管理方法。     

Dynamic optimal capital growth with risk constraints

In this paper, risk metrics in capital growth and drawdown as a financial risk measure were considered. Moreover, we developed a dynamic portfolio management model with constraints on the maximal drawdown. Exact optimization algorithms run into difficulties in this framework and this motivates the investigation of simulated annealing optimized algorithm to solve the problem of maximizing long term growth of simultaneous risky investment. Empirical research indicates that the approach is inspiring for this class of portfolio optimization problems.     

运用久期模型进行利率风险管理的若干问题分析

利率的波动会给金融机构带来利率风险:重新定价风险和市场价值变动风险。传统的资产负债管理方法:缺口(gap)管理,只能解决前者而对后者无措。因而,后来理论界和业界并始广泛推崇和实行久期(duration)方法。久期充分考虑了与时间因素相关的现金流问题,可以同时兼顾利率变动对于收益和资本利得或损失的影响,从而实现利率免疫(interest immun ization)。巴塞尔委员会(2001年)推荐的监管银行利率风险的模型就是以久期模型为基础的。然而,也有些人认为该模型在金融机构资产负债管理中实际运用起来有种种困难,并对该模型提出了许多批评意见,本文将逐一分析这些问题及解决之道。