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1.
随着我国经济持续稳定发展和世界加工制造业中心地位的确立,作为国民经济生产重要基础原材料工业之一的铜合金带材业发展迅速,产品品种规格不断增加,产量持续增长.经过多年发展,目前我国已成为世界上重要的铜材生产、消费和贸易大国.2015年度,我国铜材产量达到1,913.70万吨,同比增长7.29%.近十年,我国铜加工行业整体上保持了快速、持续的发展态势.  相似文献   

2.
城市生活垃圾,是伴随居民生活而产生,成分和产量也伴随居民的消费水平、消费方式的变化而改变.因此,世界各城市生活垃圾的产量和成分也存在较大差异,但相同趋势是产量持续增长、成分变得日益复杂,严重威胁人们的身心健康.本文分析目前我国城市生活垃圾管理现状,时城市社会、经济、环境的可持续发展具有重要的现实意义.  相似文献   

3.
每斤1.6元,这不是超市里白菜的最新标价,而是上半年我国钢铁的价格. 这在全世界范围内都是非常少见的,究竟是什么让中国的钢铁业一步步走向了目前的状态? 这让我想起了今年1-7月,我国粗钢产量同比增长2.7%,增速较去年同期已经是下降了4.4个百分点,这就意味着产能淘汰开始起到作用.但与此同时,产量的增长却没有完全止步.今年前7个月我国4.8亿吨的粗钢产量,仍然占据了全球总量的半壁江山,比例超过50%.  相似文献   

4.
钢铁工业是国民经济中最重要的基础原材料产业和重要支撑产业。本文根据我国钢铁产量及其影响因素的时间序列数据,利用计量经济模型,分析我国钢铁产量与影响因素之间的关系,并通过模型对钢铁产量进行预测。结果表明,粗钢产量和固定资产投资对我国钢铁产量有显著的影响,并且存在协整关系。  相似文献   

5.
二十多年来,我国的摩托车工业获得很大发展.今天,我国的产量及出口量都占世界一半以上.成绩背后存在问题,主要问题:同行之间大打价格战,利润微薄,近三分之一的企业亏损.为此,提出一个数学模型,并提出相应的算法.  相似文献   

6.
本文在充分肯定当前我国能源战略的基础上,全面估测了我国石油天然气资源潜力,考察了巴西、印度、美国等国家发展石油天然气工业的经验,结论是我国具备掌握石油主动权和成为石油强国的潜力,而体制障碍才是我国油气产量近几年一直徘徊不前的真正原因,并提出了发展我国石油工业的体制构想.  相似文献   

7.
刘兰娟  谢美萍 《财经研究》2004,30(11):26-33
钢铁行业是我国国民经济的支柱产业之一,为国民经济的持续发展作出了积极的贡献.因此,对钢铁产量的预测研究已经成为一项非常重要的课题.文章使用基于数据挖掘和知识发现的人工神经网络法、时间序列分析法、递归神经网络技术来预测钢铁产量的方法,并将递归神经网络方法预测的结果与前面的两种方法的预测结果进行比较,比较的结果说明该方法是可行的.  相似文献   

8.
金焰 《经济》2009,(11)
国际金融危机将对我国石油天然气工业带来负面影响 首先,石油天然气产量滑坡.自2008年4季度以来,受国际金融危机的影响,全球经济放缓,国际油价大幅回落,石油需求大幅下降,导致产量滑坡.就国内来说,中国石油天然气集团公司部分油气田关井限产,炼油化工企业加工量降低,石油产品和炼化产品销售不畅,成品油开始打价格战.  相似文献   

9.
对油茶的开发利用及发展的研究   总被引:4,自引:0,他引:4  
我国油茶生产大致经历了高潮、低谷和稳定3个阶段.20世纪70年代为油茶发展高潮期;80年代以来,随着农村劳动力的转移,加之油茶品种混杂、管理粗放、配套设施不完善、荼油价格低、经济效益差,严重挫伤了广大林农的产业积极性,油茶产业陷入低速,产量逐年下降;90年代初,连续实施了两期林业部"油茶低改项目",收到一定成效;进入21世纪,随着油茶加工业的迅速发展,面积减少的状况得到一定控制,经营管理水平和茶籽产量开始回升.油茶是我国独有的一种食用油料木本植物.从油茶中提取的优质山茶油等产品又具有广泛的用途,应因地制宜,抓好我国的油荼和优质山茶油产业化开发,使被社会誉为"国宝级特色资源"的油茶得到充分利用,造福人类.  相似文献   

10.
戴雄武 《经济纵横》1992,(12):43-45
<正> 对农业在今后如何发展,近年来,世界一些国家先后推出了多种模式.但结合国情看,我国应该走发展"三高农业"之路.一所谓"三高农业"是指高质量、高产量、商效益农业.在这三者中,高质量是前提,高产量是手段,高效益是目的.不管农业今后发展到何种程度,这三大目标始终是它的主要内容.长期以来,人们衡量农业发展的水平,是以产量为依据.如果没有产量做基础,农业本身也无从发展.这几年,我国人民温饱问题之所以解决,国民经济能稳定增长,离  相似文献   

11.
John Stuart Mill has traditionally been portrayed as self-contradictory and failing to construct a unified social theory. Recent scholarship, however, has challenged this view, finding Mill's work to be creatively synthetic in bridging the antinomies inherent in liberal democratic thought. This revisionist interpretation of Mill is advanced by an understanding of his theory of justice and its role in shaping his policy positions on issues such as welfare, education, voting rights, property rights, taxation, government intervention, and the future of capitalism.  相似文献   

12.
Arik Hesseldahl In the aftermath of the September 11 attacks, U.S. officials quickly turned their attention to other potential targets, including California's Golden Gate Bridge. What would happen if terrorists took down the bridge between San Francisco and Marin County? How much of the region would be affected and for how long?  相似文献   

13.
This article seeks to evaluate the appropriateness of a variety of existing forecasting techniques (17 methods) at providing accurate and statistically significant forecasts for gold price. We report the results from the nine most competitive techniques. Special consideration is given to the ability of these techniques to provide forecasts which outperforms the random walk (RW) as we noticed that certain multivariate models (which included prices of silver, platinum, palladium and rhodium, besides gold) were also unable to outperform the RW in this case. Interestingly, the results show that none of the forecasting techniques are able to outperform the RW at horizons of 1 and 9 steps ahead, and on average, the exponential smoothing model is seen providing the best forecasts in terms of the lowest root mean squared error over the 24-month forecasting horizons. Moreover, we find that the univariate models used in this article are able to outperform the Bayesian autoregression and Bayesian vector autoregressive models, with exponential smoothing reporting statistically significant results in comparison with the former models, and classical autoregressive and the vector autoregressive models in most cases.  相似文献   

14.
Abstract

The purpose of this paper is to introduce explicitly pleasure and belief in what aims at being a Humean theory of decision, like the one developed in Diaye and Lapidus (2005a). Although we support the idea that Hume was in some way a hedonist – evidently different from Bentham's or Jevons' way – we lay emphasis less on continuity than on the specific kind of hedonism encountered in Hume's writings (chiefly the Treatise, the second Enquiry, the Dissertation, or some of his Essays). Such hedonism clearly contrasts to its standard modern inheritance, expressed by the relation between preferences and utility.

The reason for such a difference with the usual approach lies in the mental process that Hume puts to the fore in order to explain the way pleasure determines desires and volition. Whereas pleasure is primarily, in Hume's words, an impression of sensation, it takes place in the birth of passions as reflecting an idea of pleasure, whose “force and vivacity” is precisely a “belief”, transferred to the direct passions of desire or volition that come immediately before action. As a result, from a Humean point of view, “belief” deals with decision under risk or uncertainty, as well as with intertemporal decision and indiscrimination problems.

The latter are explored within a formal framework, and it is shown that the relation of pleasure is transformed by belief into a non-empty class of relations of desire, among which at least one is a preorder.  相似文献   

15.
中国拥有世界五分之一强的人口 ,收入又在迅速增长。因此 ,国际上很自然地会考虑或推测她在今后的几十年是否有能力养活自己。中国的人口预计将从 2 0 0 0年的 1 2 8亿增长到 2 0 2 0年的 1 4 6亿 ,和 2 0 3 0年的 1 4 9亿。与此同时 ,人均收入的增长将导致对家畜和鱼类产品更大的需求 ,因而对饲料的需求也将有很大的增长  相似文献   

16.
In principle, we want regulatory programs to be based on current realities, as reflected for example in the best knowledge of relevant experts. That would imply that old rules now on the books should be consistent with today's knowledge base, not just what was known when a rule or standard was originally set. This paper reports on a survey of US programs, examining how often existing rules are actually updated in light of better knowledge, and identifies five programs that attempt to make policy routinely adaptive. These programs exhibit what we term Planned Adaptation: they both revise rules when relevant new knowledge appears, and take steps to produce such improved knowledge. While Planned Adaptation is rare, it is used in several nationally prominent programs, including air pollution, airplane safety, and drug safety. Planned Adaptation is a policy tool that deserves more attention.  相似文献   

17.
Synopsis Classification is an important activity that facilitates theory development in many academic disciplines. Scholars in fields such as organizational science, management science and economics and have long recognized that classification offers an approach for ordering and understanding the diversity of organizational taxa (groups of one or more similar organizational entities). However, even the most prominent organizational classifications have limited utility, as they tend to be shaped by a specific research bias, inadequate units of analysis and a standard neoclassical economic view that does not naturally accommodate the disequilibrium dynamics of modern competition. The result is a relatively large number of individual and unconnected organizational classifications, which tend to ignore the processes of change responsible for organizational diversity. Collectively they fail to provide any sort of universal system for ordering, compiling and presenting knowledge on organizational diversity. This paper has two purposes. First, it reviews the general status of the major theoretical approaches to biological and organizational classification and compares the methods and resulting classifications derived from each approach. Definitions of key terms and a discussion on the three principal schools of biological classification (evolutionary systematics, phenetics and cladistics) are included in this review. Second, this paper aims to encourage critical thinking and debate about the use of the cladistic classification approach for inferring and representing the historical relationships underpinning organizational diversity. This involves examining the feasibility of applying the logic of common ancestry to populations of organizations. Consequently, this paper is exploratory and preparatory in style, with illustrations and assertions concerning the study and classification of organizational diversity.  相似文献   

18.
19.
The buildup of so-called greenhouse gases in the atmosphere — CO2 in particular-appears to be having an adverse impact on the global climate. This paper briefly reviews current expectations with regard to physical and biological effects, their potential costs to society, and likely costs of abatement. For a worst case scenario it is impossible to assess, in economic terms, the full range of possible non-linear synergistic effects. In the most favorable (although not necessarily likely) case (of slow-paced climate change), however, it seems likely that the impacts are within the affordable range, at least in the industrialized countries of the world. In the third world the notion of affordability is of doubtful relevance, making the problem of quantitative evaluation almost impossible. We tentatively assess the lower limit of quantifiable climate-induced damages at $30 to $35 per ton of CO2 equivalent, worldwide, with the major damages being concentrated in regions most adversely affected by sea-level rise. The non-quantifiable environmental damages are also significant and should by no means be disregarded.The costs and benefits of (1) reducing CFC use and (2) reducing fossil fuel consumption, as a means of abatement, are considered in some detail. This strategy has remarkably high indirect benefits in terms of reduced air pollution damage and even direct cost savings to consumers. The indirect benefits of reduced air pollution and its associated health and environmental effects from fossil-fuel combustion in the industrialized countries range from $20 to $60 per ton of CO2 eliminated. In addition, there is good evidence that modest (e.g. 25%) reductions in CO2 emissions may be achievable by the U.S. (and, by implication, for other countries) by a combination of increased energy efficiency and restructuring that would permit simultaneous direct economic benefits (savings) to energy consumers of the order of $50 per ton of CO2 saved. A higher level of overall emissions reduction — possibly approaching 50% — could probably be achieved, at little or not net cost, by taking advantage of these savings.We suggest the use of taxes on fossil fuel extraction (or a carbon tax) as a reasonable way of inducing the structural changes that would be required to achieve significant reduction in energy use and CO2 emissions. To minimize the economic burden (and create a political constituency in support of the approach) we suggest the substitution of resource-based taxes in general for other types of taxes (on labor, income, real estate, or trade) that are now the main sources of government revenue. While it is conceded that it would be difficult to calculate the optimal tax on extractive resources, we do not think this is a necessary prerequisite to policy-making. In fact, we note that the existing tax system has never been optimized according to theoretical principles, and is far from optimal by any reasonable criteria.During the academic year 1989–90 Dr. Ayres was at the International Institute for Applied Systems Analysis (IIASA), Laxenburg, Austria.During the summer of 1989 Mr. Walter was a member of the Young Scientists' Summer Program at IIASA.  相似文献   

20.
Although he was much influenced by David Ricardo when he wrote the classical part of his Principles , John Stuart Mill was not a Ricardian when he penned his theories of wealth and distribution. They are based on a triple foundation. First, a belief that economics is a moral discipline. Second a theory of custom-driven human behavior. Third, an empirically formed conviction that the institutions of state, education and business cooperate to structure the distribution of income. On the basis of these presuppositions, Mill formulated 1) an institutional theory of the formation of human and non-human wealth and 2) an even more institutional theory of distribution demonstrating how the aforementioned institutions malignantly skew the distribution of income to the advantage of the propertied classes and to the extreme disadvantage of the working class. As a social economist, Mill recommended institutional reforms designed to eradicate the poverty of the working class.  相似文献   

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