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1.
农业高质量发展是指农业生产端的资源高效利用、技术共享创新下形成的农业产业结构、农产品产量、农产品质量的高度优化。在明晰太原市农业区位条件的基础上,对太原农业产业进行了产业效益分析、农产品供给结构分析和农业技术性投入分析,通过测算超效率DEA值发现太原市农林牧渔总产值在十一个地市中排名较低,但农业生产效率相对较高,与区域城镇化发展水平、农业生产要素投入以及农业技术创新密切相关。在"量农业"向"质农业"转变的大趋势下,促进太原市省现代农业发展的关键在于提高全要素生产率为核心的产业生产效率,进而构建高质量的资源利用体系和技术创新体系,建议从推动土地资源高效利用、提升农业水资源利用率、以质量品牌带动资源集聚、以产业融合发展提升资源利用效率、推进现代种业创新发展、提升技术装备水平、加快推进功能农业发展、促进小农户与现代农业的信息化衔接八个方面不断强化太原市农业高质量发展的基础。  相似文献   

2.
农业废弃物资源的循环利用,对于实现农业资源的高效利用、转变农业经济增长方式、实现农业现代化具有重要的意义。运用能值分析与生态足迹相结合的方法,在科学估算新疆南疆棉区棉花秸秆资源储量的基础上,对南疆棉区2005—2014年棉花秸秆资源的各种利用方式进行评估,根据能值生态足迹相关理论,从时序上判断南疆棉区的人均生态足迹的变化趋势和不同利用方式人均生态承载力的载荷。结果表明:近10年来南疆棉花秸秆利用的总人均生态足迹为9.65公顷,总人均生态承载力为8.009公顷,年均生态赤字为1.641公顷;说明研究区棉花秸秆资源的利用方式较为粗放,与区域资源环境不协调,并且超出了研究区生态环境系统的承载能力,特别是在饲料化和肥料化的利用方式上较为粗放,资源浪费比较严重,需要政府政策的支持和农户的自主创新。  相似文献   

3.
黄河三角洲高效生态经济区和山东半岛蓝色经济区建设,促进了资源要素向农业的集聚,优化了农业产业结构,保障了食物安全,提高了农业综合发展水平和竞争力,有利于农业资源的高效利用和农业生态环境的进一步改善,对山东省现代农业发展产生着巨大的驱动作用。  相似文献   

4.
我国农业要实现由传统农业向现代化农业的转变,由粗放型经营向集约经营的转变,必须在农业资源高效利用方面取得突破。当前,如何依靠科技进步特别是科技创新,促进农业资源高效利用,增强农业发展后劲和市场竞争能力,是我国农业发展实践中必须切实解决好的一个重要问题。  相似文献   

5.
高效农业是以满足市场需求为出发点,以科技进步为动力,实现农业产业化和可持续发展的新型农业。它要求以国内外市场为导向,依靠工业、现代科学技术和现代经济管理方法,对当地农业的支柱产业和主导产品,实行区域化布局、专业化生产、一体化经营。发展高效农业,可以有效地促进农村产业结构调整和资源的优化配置;增强农产品的加工转化能力。从而提高农业的比较效益;促进资源持续、高效利用及区域生态环境建设。  相似文献   

6.
陈洪昭  王庆  林卿  赵航 《经济论坛》2007,(20):26-28
一、合理配置农业生产要素是现代农业生产的需要 工业化与城镇化的高速发展,使可供农业生产的自然资源急剧减少,集约利用与高效配置现有的农业资源成为当前农业发展的迫切要求.  相似文献   

7.
区域农业资源可持续利用模式及其评价研究   总被引:10,自引:1,他引:9  
依据农业资源利用的行为主体、目标任务、利用方式等的时空秩序性,系统综合农业资源利用过程中的空间尺度、系统要素及可持续目标,构建了区域宏观、中观、微观三个层次的农业资源可持续利用模式结构,设置了农业资源利用模式的分类系统,最后探讨了区域农业资源可持续利用模式的评价指标体系与模型方法,为实现我国农业资源可持续利用目标提供操作性的思路与方法。  相似文献   

8.
科研设计单位拥有大量的信息资源,这些储备信息对于经济效益来说一定程度上是可再生利用的,所以说信息对于企业的生存与发展有着一定的作用。设计单位的档案管理的信息化,是未来档案管理的必然趋势,针对我国科研设计单位档案管理的现状,如何利用好点子文件管理模式,建立起高效的信息化管理平台,加强档案管理信息化技术人才的培养,全面促进设计工作提升工作效率,是目前设计单位档案管理的重要工作方向。  相似文献   

9.
广东观光农业旅游开发探析   总被引:12,自引:1,他引:11  
观光农业是以农业为基础、农业与旅游业相结合的项新兴交叉型产业,也是充分利用农业资源,改变单一农业结构、发展高效农业的一条重要途径。本文分析和讨论了广东省发展观光农业旅游的资源优势、项目设计、存在问题及对策。  相似文献   

10.
农业跨区域投资与经营的动因研究——以浙江省为例   总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1  
农业的跨区域投资与经营,是克服农业发展的资源瓶颈,在更大范围内整合资源,发展优质高效农业的必然选择。文章以浙江省为例,分析了浙江农业跨区域投资和经营的现状和主要特征,阐述了浙江农业进行跨区域投资和经营的动因,提出了促进农业跨区域投资和经营的建议。  相似文献   

11.
专题地图是GIS属性信息可视化表达的一种重要方式,但存在一个缺陷就是地区面积大小与属性信息的数量差别太大影响读图者的视觉。面域拓扑图是对面状区域分布的专题属性定位表达,对空间区域的形状进行几何变换,使得面积大小与表达的属性信息数量成一定比率关系,将区域内的属性信息映射为面积大小来表达其间的数量差异。通过调查分析,面域拓扑图在表达GIS数量信息时比专题地图具有较好有效性。  相似文献   

12.
齐平  陈文 《铜陵学院学报》2011,10(4):108-110
基于农作物生产的相关数据,创建农作物病虫害分析的数据仓库,运用数据挖掘技术提取分类规则,再将获取的规则用于农业病虫害的诊断;通过对实例运行结果的分析,验证了数据仓库和数据挖掘技术与农业决策支持系统相结合方案的可行性。  相似文献   

13.
Monitoring is an important and costly activity in resource management problems such as containing invasive species, protecting endangered species, preventing soil erosion, and regulating contracts for environmental services. Recent studies have viewed optimal monitoring as a Partially Observable Markov Decision Process (POMDP), which provides a framework for sequential decision making under stochastic resource dynamics and uncertainty about the resource state. We present an overview of the POMDP framework and its applications to resource monitoring. We discuss the concept of the information content provided by monitoring systems and illustrate how information content affects optimal monitoring strategies. Finally, we demonstrate how the timing of monitoring in relation to resource treatment and transition can have substantial effects on optimal monitoring strategies.  相似文献   

14.
课题组 《经济与管理》2011,25(12):79-82
":十一五"以来,河北省农村信息化发展较快,农村信息网络体系基本形成,农业信息资源规划逐步实施,"三电一厅"信息服务模式正在推广,信息化已经渗透到河北省农村基础设施建设、农业生产经营、医疗保障、文化生活等方面,但仍存在信息资源开发滞后于网络建设、服务主体单一、信息化人才缺乏等不足。因此,需进一步充分发挥政府的主导作用,建设高质量信息源,鼓励发展多元化多层次信息服务主体,完善河北省农村信息服务体系,提升农民利用信息的能力。  相似文献   

15.
It has been noted earlier that during the same period that the contingent valuation (CV) method evolved and became the most commonly used method of valuing environmental projects, the development in health economics was instead been towards cost–effectiveness analysis (CEA). Recently there has been a growing interest in the use of CEA, where QALYs (quality-adjusted life-years) are used as a measure of effectiveness, as the method of evaluation for environmental projects. The purpose of this paper is to answer the question – is CEA a superior method to CBA (both theoretically and empirically) to provide information to decision makers for use in decisions on resource allocation in health. The paper deals with the following topics: the underlying theoretical foundation for CEA; is CEA free of income distribution considerations?; is QALY a superior measure to WTP?; the usefulness of incremental CE ratio (ICER) to determine resource allocation. The paper concludes that there is neither theoretical nor practical support for the claim about the superiority of CEA.  相似文献   

16.
Remote agricultural lands, which include wildlife habitat, angling opportunities and scenic vistas, command higher prices per hectare in Wyoming than those whose landscape is dominated by agricultural production. Geographic information systems (GIS) data are used to measure recreational and scenic amenities associated with rural land. A hedonic price model is specified with GIS measures. It is used to estimate the impact of amenity and agricultural production land characteristics on price per acre for a sample of Wyoming agricultural parcels. Results indicate that the specification performed well across several functional forms. The sampled land prices are explained by the level of both environmental amenities as well as production attributes. Statistically significant amenity variables included scenic view, elk habitat, sport fishery productivity and distance to town. This analysis permits a better estimation of environmental amenity values from hedonic techniques. Improved estimation of amenity values is vital for policies aimed at open space preservation, using agricultural conservation easements and land use conflict resolution.  相似文献   

17.
农业保险是现代农业发展的有力保障,也是强农惠农的重要政策之一,但信息不对称问题严重阻碍了我国农业保险的发展。研究发现,投保农户与保险公司的逆选择、心里风险和道德风险是农业保险信息不对称的主要表现形式,而农业生产的特殊性、农业风险的多样化,以及农业保险的利益外溢性和我国农民保险知识匮乏、诚信意识较差等等是导致我国农业保险信息不对称问题产生的主要原因。因此,本文提出建立适合我国国情的农业保险经营模式,积极发展由政府支持、商业保险公司参与的农业保险合作社模式经营农业保险;并根据农业保险信息不对称的不同表现形式,建立相应的博弈模型从而优化保单设计、制定合理价格策略;最后,加大科技投入建立信息甄别机制和险情评估系统、宣传农业保险以及建立农业保险监管体系等也是防范信息不对称的重要举措。  相似文献   

18.
This study examines the effect of women-centric agricultural self-help groups (SHGs) on intra-household decision-making in agriculture. Using data collected from an intra-household survey of 815 households, we analyze the effect of women's membership in different types of SHGs on 14 decisions related to farms and households. Specifically, we investigate the discord in decision-making, which is the difference in the perceived decision-making roles of spouses within a household. Our results show that women's participation in SHGs has increased their role in decision-making by 8–13%. However, the effects vary according to the type of intervention and the decision. We found fewer discords in intra-household decision-making in seed SHGs than in micro-finance SHGs. In conclusion, our study suggests that women's engagement in agriculture-based SHG interventions can encourage joint decision-making, but the magnitude of this effect depends on the type of SHG. Development agencies can use this information to design interventions targeted at empowering women through the improvement of the agricultural value chain.  相似文献   

19.
The concept of sustainable agriculture is strongly related to the multifunctional role, either explicitly or implicitly, recognized to the primary sector. When assessing the performance and value to society of particular agricultural systems, the multifunctional nature of agriculture requires an approach based on multicriteria. Amongst others, these include economic, environmental, social, cultural and technical criteria. Like other complex multicriteria analyses, this evaluation of agricultural systems is characterized by the existence of not only many, but often conflicting criteria, multiple stakeholders and decision-makers who have competing interests, lack of information and a consideration of the high risks involved.The Analytic Hierarchy Process (AHP) is a methodology that deals with problems of this sort in a relatively easy, flexible and economical manner. Therefore it is a potentially useful tool for the practical resolution of complex problems, often an object of Ecological Economics. One such problem is the analysis of the sustainability of economic activities.This article has three aims. The first is to present AHP as a powerful methodology for assessing multifunctional performances of different agricultural systems in a comparative way. AHP can also be applied to other multifunctional economic activities. The second aim is to propose an extension of AHP for improving the decision-making processes when different groups of decision agents are involved. A final aim is to illustrate the AHP-extended methodology in a particular case study. This is done by using it to compare the multifunctional performance of alternative olive growing systems in Andalusia, a region located in the south of Spain, on the basis of the assessments of different groups of experts. This tests the hypothetically greater sustainability of organic and integrated farming over conventional farming systems in the medium/long term under average conditions for this region. Results for this case study show a greater global performance of organic and integrated agriculture despite differences in the ideological tendencies of the experts, thus providing a scientific basis for endorsing institutional and social support for the promotion and implementation of these farming techniques. Some conflictive issues, however, have been detected, especially in areas related to environmental performance. Further research on the controversial topics is desirable for clarification.  相似文献   

20.
With the rapid development of information systems and advances in healthcare technology paired with current concerns arise over patients' safety and how to cure them efficiently, the healthcare information systems are attracting the attention of more and more people. The purpose of this study is to propose a conceptual model, appropriate for the intention to use healthcare information systems, by adopting the system, service, and information qualities covered in the Information System Success Model proposed by DeLone and Mclean [1] as the external variables and integrating the three dimensions of perceived usefulness, perceived ease of use, and intention to use — referred to in Venkatesh and Davis' updated Technology Acceptance Model, TAM [2]. This study first analyzes relevant researches on the intention to use such systems as the basis for the questionnaire design, then conducts questionnaire survey among district hospital nurses, head directors, and other related personnel. After the questionnaires are collected, SEM is used to analyze the data. The analysis shows that the proposed factors positively influence users' intention to use a healthcare system. Information, service and system quality influence user's intention through the mediating constructs, perceived usefulness and perceived ease-of-use. Managerial implications are provided accordingly. Suggestions for introducing healthcare information system are then provided as well.  相似文献   

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