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1.
张诗高 《经济师》2004,(9):80-82
产品的国际竞争力主要通过产品的出口竞争力来反映 ,衡量它的显示性指标包括绝对竞争优势指标和比较优势指标 ,文章构建的国际市场占有率指数和显示性比较优势指数 (RCA指数 )的指标体系衡量了 2 0个世界通信产品主要出口国家通信设备产品的国际竞争力排名。分别从贸易竞争指数 (TC指数 )、主要贸易产品价格比指数、产业加工增值率等三个角度对中国通信设备产品出口进行结构分析。在此基础上指出与增强中国通信设备制造行业国际竞争力相关的政策建议。  相似文献   

2.
法国政府高度重视高新技术研究,把空间技术、信息通讯技术、生物技术、生命科学、微纳米技术、可持续发展(如环境保护和清洁交通工具等)等高新技术研究和产业化纳入优先研究和发展领域。法国积极参加欧洲尤里卡计划和欧洲框架计划,动员政府、科技机构和企业三方力量,在高科技研究、开发与产业化方面加强国际合作,增强欧洲企业在世界上的国际竞争力。  相似文献   

3.
2011年捷克的国际竞争力排名下降到第38位,属于中等创新国;在此背景下,捷克持续推出《竞争力战略框架》、《国家改革计划2011》、《国际竞争力复兴战略》,修订《投资鼓励法》;捷克研发创新公共投入增长较慢,研发创新体制改革继续进行;重大研发基础设施建设进展顺利;积极参与欧洲“第7框架计划”;“捷克技术日”和“中小科技企业促进器”项目成为捷克国际创新合作的新亮点.  相似文献   

4.
零售企业顾客忠诚关系   总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1  
在当前我国零售业全面开放背景下,零售企业面对更为激烈争夺市场的竞争.如何增强竞争力已成为国内零售企业急需面对重要问题.顾客忠诚计划作为培育忠诚顾客的营销项目对于零售企业构建竞争优势和提升经济效益有重要意义.国内零售企业可以借鉴德士高连锁超市顾客忠诚计划成功做法,积极培育忠诚顾客群体,打造自己核心竞争力.  相似文献   

5.
在市场经济的今天,建设工程只有在施工的成本控制和项目的管理上做好准备,精确有计划的去进行施工,才能增强市场的竞争力,本文针对以上两点做了一下探讨.  相似文献   

6.
哥斯达黎加政府在出台的科技创新2011-2014国家计划中,确定了7个优先发展领域:地球和空间科学、纳米技术和新材料、生物技术、自然资本、健康(新生疾病)、可替代能源和数字技术.发布了《支持中小企业创新和技术开发计划》法令,作为提高中小企业竞争力的重要机制;其农业政策强调技术创新,与美洲国家区域政策相协调,创新和技术发展成为农业政策的基石;其国家信息通信技术基础设施得到增强,服务收费较往年为低.高科技产品出口名列拉美第一.  相似文献   

7.
企业资源规划系统ERP(Enterprise resources planning),通过对企业的计划、生产、销售、库存、资金、外部信息进行控制管理.为提高生产效率、降低生产成本、满足客户需求、增强企业竞争力提供管理决策平台.  相似文献   

8.
黄健 《经济世界》2003,(1):69-71
随着国际信息产业加快向中国转移,江苏省苏南地区电子信息产业迅猛发展,成为经济最具活力、出口最具竞争力的新的增长点。加强苏南信息产业的规划与建设,形成整体优势,促进发展,对优化江苏产业结构,增强中国信息产业国际竞争力,具有重要的战略意义。  相似文献   

9.
文章采用单项指标评价法对通信设备制造业国际竞争力进行了评价,主要从实证研究角度对通信设备制造业国际竞争力状况进行分析.并进行国际比较。  相似文献   

10.
卢向南  李慧荣 《经济论坛》2005,(14):135-137
随着计算机技术的不断发展,尤其是上个世纪90年代以来互联网络的蓬勃发展,电子商务开始兴起,各种组织对信息技术日益重视,纷纷开始实施自己的IS/IT项目。IS/IT项目是指将计算机硬件、软件和通信网络技术相结合,用来储存、加工和传递与组织相关的信息,帮助组织提高效率,降低成本,以增强组织竞争力迎接信息社会挑战为目的的项目。在现实情况中,尽管组织对IS/IT项目也投入了大量的资金和人才,但是IS/IT项目的成功率却一直很低。根据研究表明,1994年美国信息技术项目的平均成功率只有16.2%,  相似文献   

11.
Background:

Sub-optimal patient adherence to iron chelation therapy (ICT) may impact patient outcomes and increase cost of care. This study evaluated the economic burden of ICT non-adherence in patients with sickle cell disease (SCD) or thalassemia.

Methods:

Patients with SCD or thalassemia were identified from six state Medicaid programs (1997–2013). Adherence was estimated using the medication possession ratio (MPR) of ≥0.80. All-cause and disease-specific resource utilization per-patient-per-month (PPPM) was assessed and compared between adherent and non-adherent patients using adjusted incidence rate ratios (aIRR). All-cause and disease-specific healthcare costs were computed using mean cost PPPM. Regression models adjusting for baseline characteristics were used to compare adherent and non-adherent patients.

Results:

A total of 728 eligible patients treated with ICT in the SCD cohort, 461 (63%) adherent, and 218 in the thalassemia cohort, 137 (63%) adherent, were included in this study. In SCD patients, the adjusted rate of all-cause outpatient visits PPPM was higher in adherent patients vs non-adherent patients (aIRR [95% CI]: 1.05 [1.01–1.08], p?<?0.0001). Conversely, adherent patients incurred fewer all-cause inpatients visits (0.87 [0.81–0.94], p?<?0.001) and ER visits (0.86 [0.78–0.93], p?<?0.001). Similar trends were observed in SCD-related resource utilization rates and in thalassemia patients. Total all-cause costs were similar between adherent and non-adherent patients, but inpatient costs (adjusted cost difference?=??$1530 PPPM, p?=?0.0360) were lower in adherent patients.

Conclusion:

Patients adherent to ICT had less acute care need and lower inpatient costs than non-adherent patients, although they had more outpatient visits. Improved adherence may be linked to better disease monitoring and has the potential to avoid important downstream costs associated with acute care visits and reduce the financial burden on health programs and managed care plans treating SCD and thalassemia patients.  相似文献   

12.
Innovation and the use of information and communication technologies (ICT) are key areas for the European Cohesion Policy. Studies available at the regional level explore innovation and ICT use incorporating different variables, while those investigating ICT use mainly focus on that of households. This paper investigates the existence of common factors for innovation and ICT at the regional level, considering not only ICT use by households but also that of firms. Using factorial and spatial regression analysis, we find that although ICT use and innovation are mainly explained by different variables, knowledge-intensive services and the percentage of population aged 15–64 are common to all of them. In addition, ICT use by households and ICT use by firms are basically driven by different factors. Government quality is the main factor explaining ICT use at home, while ICT use by firms is mostly driven by employment in knowledge-intensive services. R&D is the main variable explaining innovation. We also find positive spatial effects, which are particularly notable in ICT use by households. The results stress the importance of promoting specialization strategies based on the knowledge economy that may contribute to creating synergies between innovation and ICT use in different environments.  相似文献   

13.
This study uses data from two waves of the Encuesta Longitudinal de Empresas (ELE) to examine the relationship between information and communication technologies (ICT) use and product innovation in Chilean firms. Our findings sustain the hypothesis that ICT act as enablers of innovation. However, the impacts of ICT on product innovation depend on the type of application considered. In particular, we find positive and significant association between production-integrating ICT, i.e. administrative and industry-specific software, and product innovation, while this is not the case for market-oriented ICT such as e-commerce or client relationship manager software. Finally, the results show that not every ICT combination is beneficial for innovation: firms that show a basic use of ICT are not associated with a better likelihood of introducing innovation, while firms with an advanced use of ICT are those with the more likelihood of innovating.  相似文献   

14.
ABSTRACT

ICT components, such as microprocessors, may be embodied in other capital goods not recorded as ICT in National Accounts. We name ‘indirect ICT investment’ the value of embodied ICT components in non-ICT investment. The paper provides estimates of ‘indirect ICT investment’ based on detailed and unpublished Supply-Use tables (SUT) in 12 OECD countries: Australia, Belgium, Canada, Chile, Czech Republic, Denmark, France, Germany, Japan, Israel, Mexico, New Zealand, the United Kingdom, and the United States.

Our main finding is that ICT investment appears significantly higher when considering its indirect component, the average increase being about 35%. The inclusion of indirect ICT investment, excluding software (for which firms’ expenditures are difficult to measure), changes significantly the relative position of countries with respect to the ICT intensity of their investments. The inclusion of software further increases indirect ICT investment but the increase is smaller (in percentage) than without this inclusion. A final result, but concerning only three countries, it that the diagnosis of a stabilisation, or even a decrease, of ICT investment in percentage of GDP or of total investment, observed from the beginning of the century, is not modified if we take into account the indirect ICT investment.  相似文献   

15.
Information and communication technology (ICT) plays an important role in rural livelihoods and household well-being. Therefore, this study examines the impact of ICT adoption on farmers' decisions to access credit and the joint effects of ICT adoption and access to credit on household income using 2016 China Labour-force Dynamics Survey data. Both recursive bivariate probit model and a selectivity-corrected ordinary least square regression model are employed for the analysis. The results show that ICT adoption increases the probability of access to credit by 12.8% in rural China and empowers rural women and farm households in relatively less-developed regions to access credit. ICT adoption and access to credit affect household income differently. ICT adoption significantly increases household income, while access to credit significantly reduces it, primarily because farmers do not use the acquired credit to invest in income-generating farm and off-farm business activities. ICT adoption has the largest positive impact on household income at the highest 90th quantile. Our findings suggest that improving rural ICT infrastructure to enhance farmers' ICT adoption and developing ICT-based financial products to enable households to access sufficient funds can improve rural household welfare.  相似文献   

16.
How big a boost to long run growth can countries expect from the ICT revolution? I use the results of growth accounting and the insights from a two-sector growth model to answer this question. A two-sector rather than a one-sector model is required because of the very rapid rate at which the prices of ICT products have fallen in the past and are expected to fall in the future. According to the two-sector model, the main boost to growth comes from ICT use, not ICT production. Even a country with zero ICT production can benefit via improving terms of trade. I quantify this effect for 15 European and 4 non-European countries, using the EU KLEMS database. The ICT intensity of production (the ICT income share) is much lower in many European countries than it is in the United States or Sweden. Nevertheless the contribution to long run growth stemming from even the current levels of ICT intensity is substantial: about half a per cent per annum on average in these 19 countries. If ICT intensity reached the same level as currently in the U.S. or Sweden, this would add a further 0.2 percentage points per annum to long run growth.  相似文献   

17.
The importance of information and communications technology (ICT) for economic growth and development is widely researched and seemingly well understood, but the effect of such investments on income inequality is less well documented. On the one hand, improvements in infrastructure are expected to expand economic opportunities for previously underserved populations. On the other hand, ICT growth may exacerbate inequality due to differential access and skill premiums. We use panel data from 109 countries during the period 2001–2014 to examine the empirical connection between ICT and income inequality in a cross-national context. Our results suggest that the effect of ICT on income inequality depends both on the specific type of ICT and on the measure of income inequality. In addition, the magnitude of ICT’s effect on income inequality is comparable to that of more traditional forms of economic infrastructure. Finally, we find that the association between ICT and income inequality is conditional on other economic and political characteristics.  相似文献   

18.
Research on the effect of information and communication technology (ICT) on productivity in developed countries is already extensive, but the spillover and time-varying effects of ICT investment across economic activities have been only minimally explored. This paper investigates the impacts of ICT and its spillovers on productivity in Canada, focusing on heterogeneity across provinces and industries over time. The panel data estimation model includes 10 provinces with diverse economic activities for the period 1990–2008, and the two-digit level industries for the period 1981–2008. The findings show that ICT has a positive impact on labour productivity, but the effects vary significantly across provinces, industries, and time. Specifically, while provinces with higher shares of manufacturing and services in their GDP have reaped the benefits of ICT investment, other provinces primarily dependent on natural resources and agriculture are lagging behind. The industry-level analysis also reveals that manufacturing and services industries have benefited from ICT investment much more than primary sector industries. The results further indicate that ICT investment in the USA, a major trading partner, has spilled over to some Canadian provinces and industries and that the overall ICT effects are stabilized in those ICT-intensive provinces and industries.  相似文献   

19.
Innovation drives economic competitiveness and sustained long-term economic growth. Especially the emergence and intensive utilization of information and communication technologies (ICTs), which spawned the beginning of the digital economy two decades ago, heavily affected the opportunities and efficiency of how firms produce and provide goods and services. We provide an overview of the empirical literature on ICT and productivity and highlight the main results and methodological differences. The majority of studies indicates that the productivity effect of ICT is indeed positive and significant. However, methodological approaches of how to appropriately estimate the ICT effect matter. While aggregate and sectoral growth accounting exercises suggest stronger differences of the ICT effect between US and Europe, firm-level analyses suggest no significant country differences. Moreover, we shed light on the notion of ICT being a General Propose Technology (GPT) enabling further innovations. Most of the GPT evidence on ICT is found for the US, while evidence for European countries is harder to come by. However, more theoretical and empirical research is needed to better understand spillovers and externalities of ICT and how these technologies transform our economies.  相似文献   

20.
Singapore’s remarkable success in economic development has been strongly associated with the country’s vigorous efforts to embrace the Information and Communication Technology (ICT) revolution to promote economic growth. This study provides a comprehensive investigation of the contributions of ICT to Singapore’s economic growth during the 1990–2008 period. It documents three key findings. First, there is a strong positive association between the intensity of ICT use and value-added and labor productivity growth at the sector level. Second, ICT investment contributed approximately 1 percentage point to Singapore’s GDP during 1990–2008, and its role in driving economic growth has become increasingly important over time. Third, the contribution of the ICT manufacturing sector to Singapore’s growth was notable, but it was on the decline and faced difficult restructuring challenges. This paper also provides valuable policy lessons and strategic insights for governments in both developed and developing countries that aspire to embrace ICT to promote economic growth.  相似文献   

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