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1.
徐宏峰 《经济管理》2007,(18):45-50
本文应用随机前沿生产函数和Merton期权模型对2001~2003年ST公司和相应配对公司危机发生之前的技术效率和违约距离进行了研究。技术效率和违约距离的logistic危机预警模型能更明显提高模型的危机判断正确率。危机发生前第3个年份,财务比率没有发生明显变化,而考虑技术效率和违约距离后,危机公司的区别正确率为76.8%,提高了378%。  相似文献   

2.
文章以100家上市科技型企业作为研究样本,采用SPSS统计分析软件中的Logistic回归分析,建立了我国上市科技型企业财务危机预警的Logistic回归模型。模型的综合预测正确率在违约前两年达到83%,违约前3年达到81%;实证研究表明,模型对预测样本的预测正确率还是令人满意的。  相似文献   

3.
不同行业的财务指标与非财务指标有着不同的特征,而这些指标是构建财务危机预警模型的基础,因此有必要分行业进行财务危机预警研究。以我国能源行业上市企业为研究对象,对其预警指标进行分析,最终选取了10个能显著反映能源上市企业财务情况的指标,运用Logistic回归法构建预警模型,模型预测准确率达到了90%。  相似文献   

4.
文章对KMV在我国的应用情况进行了研究,设立七种违约点,分别计算出违约距离,最终确立一个最适合我国股市的违约点计算模型.为了提高计算的正确性,在计算股权的市场价值时考虑了非流通股的价值.实证分析表明,ST公司违约距离与非ST公司违约距离差距明显,从而说明KMV模型在我国使用是有效的,并且发现对总资产与流动负债、长期负债之间的回归取得的带截距项的回归方程是最适合我国股市的违约点设置.  相似文献   

5.
本文利用KMV模型计算出样本上市公司的违约距离,并将其作为PROBIT模型的自变量计算出上市公司的违约概率。实证结果表明,违约距离能较好地识别上市公司的信用风险,将违约距离作为自变量进行PROBIT建模分析时明显提高了模型的统计显著性和预测精度。在无法利用KMV模型测算上市公司经验违约率时,利用加入违约距离做自变量的PROBIT模型可以实现有效的替代,将二者结合起来使用能够为金融机构的信用风险评价提供科学依据。  相似文献   

6.
王斌  宋鹏 《生产力研究》2007,(16):135-137
随着市场竞争的日益激烈,企业财务危机预警显得尤为重要。在财务危机预警过程中,及时发现警兆对于有效提高预警效率起着非常重要的作用,而警兆的发现往往依赖于对财务危机预警指标体系的监测。传统的指标体系往往从大的范围全面考查各类财务指标,导致预警成本、预警噪音的增加。针对这些问题,文章以我国上市公司为研究对象,通过预警模型的建立及检验,寻找到能够预测企业财务危机发生的敏感性指标,旨在建立重点指标观测体系以提高预警效果和效率,同时节约预警成本。  相似文献   

7.
KMV模型是基于公司的股权价值和负债之间的关系来计算公司的违约风险,但在金融危机背景下几乎所有公司的股价均大幅下跌,由此计算出的公司违约距离和违约率也大幅度上升,并且基于历史数据的预测结果也不再有效。选择2007年研究结果中违约风险具有明显差异的成对公司样本,计算2008年的违约距离和理论违约率,发现这种鲜明的对比已不复存在。利用GARCH模型估计股权价值波动率,用迭代程序估算资产价值及其波动率,选择24家A股上市公司的年度数据,利用KMV模型对它们的信用风险状况进行分析。  相似文献   

8.
KMV模型对中国上市公司信用风险识别能力的实证研究   总被引:2,自引:0,他引:2  
KMV模型作为一种结构化信用风险度量和预测工具,在国外成熟市场已被广泛采用。本文选取了66家中国的上市企业作为样本,通过比较其违约距离,检验了KMV模型的信用风险识别能力;同时选取了25家ST企业三年的数据作为样本,通过纵向比较其违约距离,检验了KMV模型的信用风险预警能力。  相似文献   

9.
本文通过对2007年—2012年钢铁行业和水泥建材行业共45家上市公司的财务数据和股票历史信息的分析,基于KMV模型原理,通过使用Matlab、Excel等软件,实证分析了近几年来上述企业的违约距离,并探讨产能过剩和信用违约之间的关系。实证结果表明,KMV模型适用于钢铁行业和水泥建材行业的信用违约测度,结果符合经济运行形势;同时,上述行业产能过剩并不能直接解释以违约距离表征的公司信用违约风险。  相似文献   

10.
基于logistic回归的上市公司财务危机预警模型   总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1  
国内外所有关于财务危机预警问题的研究,主要涉及到两个方面的问题:一是财务危机概念的界定;二是预测变量(判别指标)的选择和预警模型的建立(企业财务危机是一个连续的动态过程,并直接表现为绩效指标的恶化,因此,可通过一定的财务指标来构造企业的财务预警模型)。运用中国上市公司的财务指标数据及因子分析和Logistic回归等方法构建基于上市公司的财务危机预警的Logistic模型,经过检验,具有一定的实际应用价值。  相似文献   

11.
John Stuart Mill has traditionally been portrayed as self-contradictory and failing to construct a unified social theory. Recent scholarship, however, has challenged this view, finding Mill's work to be creatively synthetic in bridging the antinomies inherent in liberal democratic thought. This revisionist interpretation of Mill is advanced by an understanding of his theory of justice and its role in shaping his policy positions on issues such as welfare, education, voting rights, property rights, taxation, government intervention, and the future of capitalism.  相似文献   

12.
Arik Hesseldahl In the aftermath of the September 11 attacks, U.S. officials quickly turned their attention to other potential targets, including California's Golden Gate Bridge. What would happen if terrorists took down the bridge between San Francisco and Marin County? How much of the region would be affected and for how long?  相似文献   

13.
中国拥有世界五分之一强的人口 ,收入又在迅速增长。因此 ,国际上很自然地会考虑或推测她在今后的几十年是否有能力养活自己。中国的人口预计将从 2 0 0 0年的 1 2 8亿增长到 2 0 2 0年的 1 4 6亿 ,和 2 0 3 0年的 1 4 9亿。与此同时 ,人均收入的增长将导致对家畜和鱼类产品更大的需求 ,因而对饲料的需求也将有很大的增长  相似文献   

14.
Abstract

The purpose of this paper is to introduce explicitly pleasure and belief in what aims at being a Humean theory of decision, like the one developed in Diaye and Lapidus (2005a). Although we support the idea that Hume was in some way a hedonist – evidently different from Bentham's or Jevons' way – we lay emphasis less on continuity than on the specific kind of hedonism encountered in Hume's writings (chiefly the Treatise, the second Enquiry, the Dissertation, or some of his Essays). Such hedonism clearly contrasts to its standard modern inheritance, expressed by the relation between preferences and utility.

The reason for such a difference with the usual approach lies in the mental process that Hume puts to the fore in order to explain the way pleasure determines desires and volition. Whereas pleasure is primarily, in Hume's words, an impression of sensation, it takes place in the birth of passions as reflecting an idea of pleasure, whose “force and vivacity” is precisely a “belief”, transferred to the direct passions of desire or volition that come immediately before action. As a result, from a Humean point of view, “belief” deals with decision under risk or uncertainty, as well as with intertemporal decision and indiscrimination problems.

The latter are explored within a formal framework, and it is shown that the relation of pleasure is transformed by belief into a non-empty class of relations of desire, among which at least one is a preorder.  相似文献   

15.
This article seeks to evaluate the appropriateness of a variety of existing forecasting techniques (17 methods) at providing accurate and statistically significant forecasts for gold price. We report the results from the nine most competitive techniques. Special consideration is given to the ability of these techniques to provide forecasts which outperforms the random walk (RW) as we noticed that certain multivariate models (which included prices of silver, platinum, palladium and rhodium, besides gold) were also unable to outperform the RW in this case. Interestingly, the results show that none of the forecasting techniques are able to outperform the RW at horizons of 1 and 9 steps ahead, and on average, the exponential smoothing model is seen providing the best forecasts in terms of the lowest root mean squared error over the 24-month forecasting horizons. Moreover, we find that the univariate models used in this article are able to outperform the Bayesian autoregression and Bayesian vector autoregressive models, with exponential smoothing reporting statistically significant results in comparison with the former models, and classical autoregressive and the vector autoregressive models in most cases.  相似文献   

16.
In principle, we want regulatory programs to be based on current realities, as reflected for example in the best knowledge of relevant experts. That would imply that old rules now on the books should be consistent with today's knowledge base, not just what was known when a rule or standard was originally set. This paper reports on a survey of US programs, examining how often existing rules are actually updated in light of better knowledge, and identifies five programs that attempt to make policy routinely adaptive. These programs exhibit what we term Planned Adaptation: they both revise rules when relevant new knowledge appears, and take steps to produce such improved knowledge. While Planned Adaptation is rare, it is used in several nationally prominent programs, including air pollution, airplane safety, and drug safety. Planned Adaptation is a policy tool that deserves more attention.  相似文献   

17.
Synopsis Classification is an important activity that facilitates theory development in many academic disciplines. Scholars in fields such as organizational science, management science and economics and have long recognized that classification offers an approach for ordering and understanding the diversity of organizational taxa (groups of one or more similar organizational entities). However, even the most prominent organizational classifications have limited utility, as they tend to be shaped by a specific research bias, inadequate units of analysis and a standard neoclassical economic view that does not naturally accommodate the disequilibrium dynamics of modern competition. The result is a relatively large number of individual and unconnected organizational classifications, which tend to ignore the processes of change responsible for organizational diversity. Collectively they fail to provide any sort of universal system for ordering, compiling and presenting knowledge on organizational diversity. This paper has two purposes. First, it reviews the general status of the major theoretical approaches to biological and organizational classification and compares the methods and resulting classifications derived from each approach. Definitions of key terms and a discussion on the three principal schools of biological classification (evolutionary systematics, phenetics and cladistics) are included in this review. Second, this paper aims to encourage critical thinking and debate about the use of the cladistic classification approach for inferring and representing the historical relationships underpinning organizational diversity. This involves examining the feasibility of applying the logic of common ancestry to populations of organizations. Consequently, this paper is exploratory and preparatory in style, with illustrations and assertions concerning the study and classification of organizational diversity.  相似文献   

18.
Neoliberal political movements advocate privatization of public pension systems. Globalization imposes pressure on nations to conform to neoliberal policy views with respect to the design and structure of social insurance, including public pension systems. The paper begins with an investigation of the economic, ethical and ideological dimensions of the privatization debates in the U.S.; it argues that privatization advocates may be largely moved by ideology, since the other reasons advanced appear weak or unfounded. The second part discusses the history of Social Security, the purposes for its creation, and some of its economic effects. Differences between public and private pension systems are considered. A brief international comparison of some aspects of public pension system finance and benefit structures is presented. The final section considers the ethical, macroeconomic and distributional implications of privatization, prefunding and payroll tax funding, and argues for a pay as you go system financed with income taxes. In order to promote equity, economic security, community, and social cohesion, public pension systems should be universal in coverage. In order to reduce the inequality, income insecurity, and aged poverty generated by market economies, public pension systems ought to be progressive: benefit/contribution ratios should be inversely proportional to income, and progressive income taxes should finance the system. To promote economic growth, the systems should be financed on a pay-as-you-go basis, and should not be prefunded except for an emergency reserve. The fiscal policy recommendations partially depend upon the theory developed by Abba Lerner in the 1940s, and recently advanced by Wynne Godley and Randy Wray: Lerner's “principle of functional finance.”  相似文献   

19.
20.
Although he was much influenced by David Ricardo when he wrote the classical part of his Principles , John Stuart Mill was not a Ricardian when he penned his theories of wealth and distribution. They are based on a triple foundation. First, a belief that economics is a moral discipline. Second a theory of custom-driven human behavior. Third, an empirically formed conviction that the institutions of state, education and business cooperate to structure the distribution of income. On the basis of these presuppositions, Mill formulated 1) an institutional theory of the formation of human and non-human wealth and 2) an even more institutional theory of distribution demonstrating how the aforementioned institutions malignantly skew the distribution of income to the advantage of the propertied classes and to the extreme disadvantage of the working class. As a social economist, Mill recommended institutional reforms designed to eradicate the poverty of the working class.  相似文献   

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