Multinational companies and indigenous development: An empirical analysis

This paper presents an empirical study of the effect of foreign multinational companies on the development of indigenous firms in the host country. Our starting point is a recent paper by Markusen and Venables (European Economic Review 43 (1999) 335-356) that shows formally that multinationals, through the creation of linkages with indigenous suppliers, can exert positive effects on the development of indigenous firms. Based on the literature on entry in industrial organisation, we estimate empirically a model describing the entry of indigenous firms using data for the Irish manufacturing sector. Our results indicate that there is a positive effect of multinational companies on the entry of indigenous firms for a variety of alternative specifications.     

Financing R&D in mature companies: An empirical analysis

We study financing patterns of publicly traded R&D-intensive manufacturing firms in Israel. We further characterize R&D-intensive firms by size, physical capital intensity, and whether they issued stocks in the United States, asking whether these features are associated with particular financing patterns. To address these issues, we present, for the first time, adjusted flow of funds charts that treat R&D expenses as a capital outlay (rather than an operating cost that reduces profits, as standard accounting principles prescribe). We also address the question of how R&D inputs should be measured - using R&D expenses or R&D personnel. We construct both expenditure- and personnel-based R&D measures for each firm in our sample, and investigate to what extent these measures are mutually consistent.     

The effect of certification with the ISO 9000 Quality Management Standard: A signaling approach

Theory suggests that certification with a management standard may reduce information asymmetries in supply chains and thereby generate a competitive advantage for certified firms. This article uses an 11-year panel of U.S. manufacturing facilities to test whether certification with the ISO 9000 Quality Management Standard generates a competitive advantage. Results suggest that certified facilities grow faster after certification and that operational improvements do not account for this growth. Results also indicate that the growth effect is greater when buyers have greater difficulty acquiring information about suppliers.     

The links between competitiveness, firms' innovative activities and public R&D support in Germany: an empirical analysis

Industrial competitiveness is becoming an increasingly important issue. In years of recession, some companies perform worse on domestic markets or lose export shares. Most investigations of the competitiveness of nations are based on macro-economic data. But a country is not much like a business. This paper tries to provide a new answer based on science and technology indicators and econometric analysis, Competitiveness is studied on the micro-economic level for a sample of 161 domestic or foreign-owned companies located in westem Germany. Zieir competitiveness is measured by two indicators: the trading result (i.e. either the net profit or loss) and the export share of (local) production. Statistics on investment and patents do not sufficiently explain competitiveness, but the scientfic potential of the firms significantly explains the competitiveness, but, it seems to be the science base of technological activities that determines competitiveness. Public subventions facilitate scientific and technological activities in industry. It is particularly interesting to note that government support is oriented towards the science base of the client companies.     

The vanishing role of money in the macro-economy: An empirical investigation for India

The recent de-emphasizing of the role of “money” in both theoretical macroeconomics as well as in the practical conduct of monetary policy sits uneasily with the idea that inflation is a monetary phenomenon. Empirical evidence has, however, been accumulating pointing to an important leading indicator role for money and credit aggregates with respect to long term inflationary trends. Such a role could arise from monetary aggregates furnishing a nominal anchor for inflationary expectations, from their influence on the term structure of interest rates and from their affecting transaction costs in markets. Our paper attempts to assess the informational content role of money in the Indian economy by a separation of these effects across time scales and frequency bands, using the techniques of wavelet analysis and band spectral analysis respectively. Our results indicate variability of causal relations across frequency ranges and time scales, as also occasional causal reversals.     

我国上市公司股票增值权的博弈分析

股票增值权的激励模式在我国上市公司已实施数十年,然而,实施的过程中仍有许多不足。从股票增值权激励的对象入手,对股票增值权利益相关对象的博弈进行了研究,得到股票增值权计划的条款不能使得双方利益均衡时,依然难以有效激励员工、增加股东利益。     

资本结构的行业特征:基于中国上市公司的实证研究

本文根据中国证监会《上市公司行业分类指引》 ,将沪深A股上市公司进行行业分类 ,全面深入地实证研究了资本结构的行业特征。研究结果表明 :(1 )中国上市公司存在最优资本结构 ,行业是其重要影响因素之一 ;(2 )不同行业上市公司的资本结构具有显著差异 ,约 9.5%的公司间资本结构差异可由公司所处行业门类的不同来解释 ;(3 )同一行业上市公司的资本结构具有稳定性 ;(4)同一行业门类内不同行业大类的公司间资本结构无显著差异。     

中国上市公司治理的主要问题探讨

本文首先界定了公司治理的概念和研究范畴,然后阐述了上市公司治理问题的理论分析框架及各国不同的治理模式。在此基础上,结合我国实际分析了上市公司治理存在的主要问题,得出了结论：我国上市公司治理所面临的主要问题与西方国家有很大的区别,西方国家成熟的公司治理理论不能完全照搬到我国,必须结合我国实际,从上市公司治理问题产生的根源入手,才能真正改善我国上市公司治理。     

我国上市公司经理人激励的业绩基础选择性实证研究

以我国上市公司为样本对经理人激励的业绩基础选择问题进行了实证检验。研究发现目前我国上市公司经理人报酬契约只倚重会计业绩指标,而将市场业绩指标和相对业绩指标排除在报酬契约之外,这极易导致经理人行为的短期化,提高代理成本,降低上市公司的运作效率。因此,必须调整上市公司经理人的报酬结构,建立基于会计业绩的短期激励与基于市场业绩的长期激励相结合的经理人报酬激励机制。