果蔬乐园创意无限——申亚乡村度假农园

申亚乡村度假农园位于奉贤区青村镇农业旅游集聚区内,是一个集创意农业、科技农业、旅游农业、科普农业于一体的综合性农业示范基地.先后荣获"上海市青年就业创业见习基地"、"首批上海市农业旅游推荐单位"、"世博观光农园"、"全国科普教育基地"等称号.     

观光农园旅游区开发与规划研究—以成都市龙泉驿区为例

观光农园是指充分利用农业资源开发出来的既有农产品经济收入,又适合观光旅游的农业种植园。观光农园旅游区是多个观光农园组合而成的,其开发和规划大致包括五个方面内容：（1）资源条件评价;（2）确定目标市场和开发方向;（3）功能分区及活动项目策划;（4）旅游产品规划;（5）旅游形象设计。成都市龙泉驿区是我国西部很有特色的观光农园旅游区,笔者将其规划为六大功能区,设计了五大类旅游产品,并将其旅游定位为“中国西部桃之旅休闲度假的目的地”。     

海丰万头奶牛养殖示范基地

本市农业旅游主要类型包括农家乐、专题性观光农园、综合性农业公园、人工生态林公园和农业旅游节庆。截至2008年底，本市已建成各类农业旅游景点100多个，其中具有一定规模的农业旅游景点60多个，解决农民就业2．5万多人。为促进农业旅游更好地服务市民和游客，通过上海农业网、上海市农委政务网为平台公开征求市民意见，目前上海鲜花港等首批38家单位获得“上海农业旅游推荐单位”象号。     

北京小毛驴农园发展现状浅析

正市民农园是指以租赁关系为核心,为城市市民长期提供农业产品及农事体验、农业观光服务的生态农业产业园。这样的发展模式也被称为社区支持农业。小毛驴市民农园是我国第一个以市民农园思想为指导建成的农业生态体验园。2008年建园,场地位于北京西郊自然风景区凤凰岭山脚下、京密引水渠旁,建在有良好水土条件的自然环境中。     

郑州市休闲农业空间布局实证研究

文章在375个休闲农业点基础上,通过地理编码建立数据库,运用比较、缓冲、可视化工具对郑州市休闲农业空间布局进行深入分析。研究表明:(1)在空间集聚上,倾向市区、邻近高速路网,在惠济区、二七区、登封市等地区形成集聚。(2)在时间变化上,整体增长量渐多、局部存在波动。(3)在经营主体上,以个体或农户为主,客商、社会资本或外商为辅。(4)在经营类型上,以生态农园、休闲农园、休闲渔园为主,观光农园、科技农园、农业公园、市民农园为辅。据此提出:(1)优化建设惠济、二七、登封等核心区,重点开发新密、新郑、中牟等次核心区。(2)重点建设沿黄休闲农业带、丘陵休闲农业带、郑少休闲农业带。(3)引导农民向集企或合作社或乡村集体的转型,改革客商、社会资本或外商的优惠政策。(4)在保持原有优势类型的基础上,在市区增加市民农园、农业公园等,在县(县级市)增加科技农园、观光农园等类型建设。     

沪郊动态

近年,沪郊乡村游进入发展快车道,除了"渔家乐"、"果家乐"、"花家乐"、"林家乐"等特色农家乐外,还挖掘打造了森林公园、农业主题公园、观光生态农业园、旅游科普基地、市民体验式农园等不同内涵的旅游产品。目前上海市郊区已建成开放且具有一定规模的农业旅游景点40多个,年收入10亿多元。根据市政     

江西省休闲农业示范点空间分布特征研究

[目的]深入分析江西省休闲农业示范点空间分布特征,进而可以提出促进区域休闲农业提升发展的对策建议。[方法]选取2010—2016年江西省国家级和省级休闲农业示范点作为数据,基于最邻近点指数、核密度估计法、不均衡指数和数量类型评价的方法,研究江西省休闲农业示范点的空间分布、类型构成与发展水平。[结果]江西休闲农业示范点空间上呈现聚集型分布特点,主要分布于中心城市、大型景区周边和交通干线沿线,以休闲农园、观光农园和生态农园等类型为主,存在空间分布不均衡、类型结构不合理等问题。[结论]以区域中心城市为中心,建设五大主题功能片区,优化多层级交通游线组织,加强城市、景区与农业资源丰富、生态环境优越区域的交通联系,并充分发挥休闲农业示范点的辐射带动作用,大力扶持培育休闲农业新业态,可以促进区域休闲农业的全面均衡发展。     

都市农业与发展休闲观光农业

一、雨后春笋般出现的休闲观光农业观光旅游农业 在发达国家和地区已得到蓬勃发展。目前，日本休闲农业发展已涵盖观光性牧场、渔村、果园、花园、农园、森林自然保护区等领域。在欧美国家，休闲农业发展各具特色。例如：美国华盛顿开辟10多处大型郊游区，供游钓、野营、骑马等郊游活动。法国巴黎城郊建有许多观光果园，专供游客观光、尝鲜、品酒休闲。英国伦敦城郊沿绿环带建有一大批公园和野餐地，供市民游憩。我国台湾的休闲农业始创于70年代后期，     

市民农园经营方式及发展策略研究

我国市民农园在经济发展和互联网应用的影响下快速发展。文章通过整理国内外市民农园发展现状,分析了我国市民农园的实用型、社区支持型及观赏型等不同经营方式及其特点,并提出了明确市场定位、发展特色品牌,建立互联网大数据、为市民农园发展提供数据支持,建立专业技术平台、为市民农园提供技术支持,改善农业金融服务、为市民农园提供资金支持等对策措施,以期为我国市民农园的健康快速发展提供理论基础。     

农业旅游花开沪郊大地

金秋十月,花繁果硕。沪郊大地,一派丰收喜庆的景象。郊区78个世博观光农园,笑迎数以百万计的国内外游客,把发展沪郊农业旅游推向了一个新的高潮,并演绎了城市,让生活更美好;农村,让城市更精彩的全新理念。上海农业旅游正如火如荼,蓬勃发展。领导重视,农业旅游之源。市委、市政府高度重视和大力支持发展现代农业。早在20世纪90年代,就提出了建设都市型农业的要求,明确了上海农业经济、生态、服务功能的     

Towards an Integration of R & D and Marketing in Production Development

Abstract

In this paper, two approaches which are characteristic for Research & Development and Marketing departments are compared. First, R&D versus Marketing orientations are explained, then the major differences between them are presented. The integration of both approaches may improve competitive advantage of the food industry. Factors stimulating such integration are presented on the basis of data from real business circumstances. Innovation is regarded as a major source of competitive advantage of company. Therefore, integration in sensory methodology, that is commonly but differently used by R & D and Marketing departments, may contribute to the improvement of innovation practices and successful business performance. Finally, the role of consumer tests, oriented for marketing and product development, is illustrated.     

The Real of Community,the Desire for Development and the Performance of Egalitarianism in the Peruvian Andes: A Materialist–Utopian Account

The paper proposes a materialist–utopian perspective for explaining the persistence of community in the Andes by drawing upon Lacanian theory and the thought of the Peruvian Marxist José Carlos Mariátegui. What characterizes the Andean comunidad are not notions of belonging and identity, but the existence of a fundamental antagonism (what I call the ‘Real of community’). The argument unfolds ethnographically. Usibamba, a peasant comunidad in the central Peruvian Andes, is known as a highly egalitarian and disciplined comunidad. However, a disjunction exists between deep‐seated aspirations of justice and egalitarianism and the particularistic interests of families and individuals. This disjunction manifests itself in a contradictory, schizophrenic regime of discipline and negotiation that produces ‘split subjects’. Desiring development and the staging of theatrical performances of egalitarianism enables Usibambinos to deal with this disjunction and to present an image of unity and determination. I conclude that the comunidad persists through ‘impossible political acts’ brought about by a residual but growing category of landless comuneros who constitute ‘the part of no part’, the uncounted or unnamed.     

边缘旅游地开发研究——以赤峰市为例

边缘旅游地正逐渐成为旅游发展研究的热点之一;在阐述边缘旅地形成机理的基础上,分析了赤峰市旅游业边缘化的原因及表现;对边缘旅游地赤峰市的旅游业开发进行可行性分析,提出摆脱旅游业边缘化的对策和措施,强调必须紧紧依托周边京津冀辽等核心旅游地,注重区域间的优势互补,借助周围核心旅游地的优势扩大赤峰市的旅游市场,在边缘地树立大旅游观念,同时依据赤峰市自身的资源优势不断开发特色旅游产品、打造品牌,积极培养优秀的旅游人才。     

天津地热资源可持续开发利用对策

天津有着十分丰富的地热资源,至2003年底,已有地热井235眼,年开采量2701万m3。但地热资源利用率最高为62.4%,地热尾水回灌率不到8%,基本是一种粗放的开发利用模式。文章从实现地热资源可持续开发利用角度出发,针对天津地区不同热储层的特征,提出适宜的利用方式,提高地热利用率。而且指出必须走回灌开发道路,增加回灌井,提高回灌率是实现地热资源可持续开发利用的重要保障。     

Projections of maize yield vulnerability to droughts and adaptation options in Uganda

Sub-Saharan Africa is likely going to experience more intense and frequent droughts with high parallel possibilities of ramifications on maize yields. While there is a lot of scholarship dwelling on the ramifications of droughts on maize yields at the level of Africa, little has been researched at lower scales. This study presents past (1960–2014) vulnerability of maize yields to droughts based on a previous study (Epule et al., 2017) and projects the future vulnerability of maize yields to droughts by calculating the sensitivity, exposure and adaptive capacity of maize yields to droughts for the period 2015–2050. The results show that maize yields are more vulnerable in the north of Uganda for the period 1960–2014. However, adaptive capacity is higher in the south. Maize yields also record higher levels of sensitivity and exposure in the north with the latter patterns explained by variations in precipitation, temperature, rich volcanic soils, access to rivers and lakes. In terms of future vulnerability for the period 2015–2050, this study shows that the level of vulnerability of maize yields to droughts in Uganda will increase to levels higher than what currently obtains. For example, the vulnerability index will increase from 0.54 under the 1.5 °C to 0.70 under the 2.0 °C and to 1.54 under the 2.5 °C scenario. Sensitivity is also likely to increase while exposure and adaptive capacity are most likely to remain the same. Overall, it can be said that the future of maize production in Uganda under present and future circumstances remains very bleak without concrete actions. As a way forward, land use policy designers will have to integrate water management, agroforestry, climatic information diffusion, training and indigenous knowledge into land use planning decisions in the context of agriculture.     

The role of knowledge,attitudes and perceptions in the uptake of agricultural and agroforestry innovations among smallholder farmers in sub-Saharan Africa

Despite the great potential of agricultural innovations, the uptake by smallholder farmers in sub-Saharan Africa seems to be slow. We reviewed existing theories and frameworks for the uptake of agricultural innovations and found that these tend to emphasize the role of extrinsic factors such as the characteristics of the adopter and the external environment in the decision-making process. In this paper, we argue that intrinsic factors such as the knowledge, perceptions and attitudes of the potential adopter towards the innovation play a key role, but this has been less studied. We present an analytical framework that combines both extrinsic and intrinsic factors in farmers' decisions to adopt new agricultural technologies and apply the framework to agroforestry adoption as a case study. We review the literature on agroforestry adoption in sub-Saharan Africa and identify the extrinsic and intrinsic variables affecting the uptake of agroforestry technologies. We conclude that the uptake of agricultural technologies is a complex process influenced by both extrinsic and intrinsic variables, and recommend that future studies aiming to understand the adoption process of agricultural innovations take into account both sets of variables. A mechanistic understanding of how intrinsic and extrinsic factors interact and drive adoption can help in targeting technologies appropriately to ensure sustainability.     

CAP Subsidies and Productivity of the EU Farms

The paper investigates the impact of the Common Agricultural Policy (CAP) subsidies on farm total factor productivity (TFP) in the European Union (EU). We employ a structural semi‐parametric estimation algorithm directly incorporating the effect of subsidies into a model of unobserved productivity. We empirically study the effects using the Farm Accountancy Data Network (FADN) samples for the EU‐15 countries. Our main findings are clear: subsidies impact negatively on farm productivity in the period before the decoupling reform was implemented; after decoupling the effect of subsidies on productivity is more nuanced and in several countries it turned positive.     

Poverty Reduction Effects of Agricultural Technology Adoption: The Case of Improved Cassava Varieties in Nigeria

We use DNA‐fingerprinting to estimate the poverty reduction effect of adoption of improved cassava varieties in Nigeria. We estimate the counterfactual household income distribution of cassava producers by combining farm‐level treatment effects with a market‐level model. Our results suggest that adoption of improved cassava varieties has led to a 4.6 percentage point reduction in poverty, though this is sensitive to the measurement of adoption status. Therefore, accurate measurement of adoption is crucial for a more credible estimate of the poverty reduction effect of adoption. Our analysis also suggests that farmers who are more likely to be adopters are also likely to face higher structural costs. Addressing structural barriers that make improved technologies less profitable for the poor would therefore be important to increase the poverty reduction effect of improved cassava varieties.     

The retention ability of the agricultural landscape in the emergency planning zone of the Temelín nuclear power plant and its changes since the 19th century

Drainage and loss of wetland sites is a major problem of the agricultural landscape, as it reduces the landscape’s ability to retain water, nutrients, matter, and minimize erosion. With this in mind, the issue of the ability of wet sites to retain radionuclides and contaminated water in the case of a radiation accident was studied. In 2013, field research examined the occurrence of wetland retention sites in the emergency planning zone (EPZ) of the Temelín nuclear power plant (NPP; Czech Republic). As data sources, wetland biotopes (European network Natura 2000) were considered; in addition, retention features were field mapped, i.e. landscape elements of a wetland nature not normally considered nationally significant for conservation. Within the emergency zone, 2854.7 ha of wetland biotopes were registered and 318.9 ha retention features mapped. Density of retention sites (in ha/km²) per cadastre (local administrative units) was used to represent their spatial distribution within the zone. For an assessment of possible revitalization measures, leading to an increase in the landscape’s retention ability, spatial changes in the area of retention sites between 2013 and the mid-19th century, a period before extensive drainage of landscape occurred and a simplification of its structure, were mapped. Historic land maps (The Imperial Obligatory Imprints of the Stable Cadastre) were used as a basis of information on the occurrence and area of fens and wet meadows (4771.5 ha).For spatial comparisons of drained and undrained landscape in the past and present, the density of retention sites per cadastre was calculated. In the mid-19th century, 80% of cadastres had a density of retention sites exceeded 5 ha/km²; in 2013 only 40% of cadastres achieved this. In the most part, drained areas of the zone belong to the central part (around the power plant), as well as the EPZ’s eastern and south-eastern regions. From the density maps of retention sites, as well as from the stable cadastre imprints, it is possible to identify areas and retention features suitable for wetland restoration, thus leading to an increase in the retention capacity of the landscape in terms of water and radionuclide retention. Suggestions as to how to restore and turn retention features into semi-natural wetlands, as well as integrating small wetlands into an agriculture landscape are outlined.