渔业行业协会的地位和作用

本文通过分析行业协会的地位和作用以及政府、市场和行业协会之间的关系,阐释了渔业行业协会在我国渔业管理中的地位和作用,并针对我国渔业行业协会的发展现状和存在的问题,提出了促进我国渔业行业协会发展的几点建议。     

我国渔业行业协会的现状与发展研究

本文在分析我国渔业行业协会产生背景的基础上，介绍了我国渔业行业协会的发展状况，分析了目前发展中存在的问题，并针对形成这些问题的原因提出了我国渔业行业协会发展的思路与建议.     

RSCP框架下我国渔业市场竞争力研究

渔业资源与渔业生态环境属于公共物品,渔业市场存在负外部性,市场失灵理论对传统的SCP产业分析框架提出了新的要求.本文构造了RSCP分析框架,从政府规制、市场结构、市场行为和市场绩效的角度对我国渔业市场竞争力进行了具体分析,并得出了相关结论,继而进一步探讨了提高我国渔业市场竞争力的措施:完善渔业管理制度,提高水产品质量安全,增强科技创新能力,实施品牌战略,加强渔业行业协会建设等.     

我国渔业产业结构优化研究

本文利用灰色关联法分析了我国渔业三大产业发展对渔业发展的贡献。当前，第一产业仍然是我国渔业发展的主要推动力量，二三产业发展有待提升。渔业三个产业内存在种种制约产业结构升级的原因，如品种结构层次低、组织结构低、行业发展质量低等。针对问题，本文提出促进渔业结构优化的一系列对策：控制捕捞强度，合理调整养殖结构，加快发展水产品精深加工，大力发展休闲渔业，发展渔业行业协会等。     

江苏省渔业中介组织发展迅速

近年来，江苏省将加快发展渔业行业协会和合作经济组织作为推进渔业产业化经营的重要措施来抓，自2003年成立渔业协会以来，又先后成立渔业协会蟹业分会与贝类分会、省紫菜协会、省珍珠协会等省级渔业行业协会。目前，全省渔业中介组织达到900多个，水产经纪人达到4万多名，涌现了一大批年经销额超千万元的经纪人大户。     

社会资本视角下的渔业行业协会

社会资本理论认为,社会资本是存在于社会关系中的一种隐性资源.这一理论为解释渔业管理问题提供了崭新的视角,为解决渔业特别是海洋捕捞业中普遍存在的集体行动困境提供了思路.本文首先介绍了社会资本理论,然后重点从分布、特性和发展三个方面对我国社会资本现状进行了论述,在此基础上,分析了我国渔村的社会资本,提出构建渔业行业协会是重建我国渔村社会资本、解决我国海洋捕捞业当前面临的诸多问题的一种理性选择.     

国外行业协会的发展模式

国外行业协会组织 国外行业协会组织历史悠久,早在17-18世纪的西欧就已出现了世界上最早的行业协会,像渔业、手工业、畜牧业、纺织业、陶瓷业协会等。那时候经济落后,人们自愿和自动建立起行业协会是为了有难共分担,有利同分享。     

2019首届中国智慧渔业发展论坛在合肥举办

<正>日前,2019首届中国智慧渔业发展论坛在合肥举办。论坛以"智慧兴渔绿色发展"为主题,总结探讨智慧渔业和渔业智能装备的发展现状与未来机遇。此次论坛由中国渔业协会主办,中国渔业协会智慧渔业分会和中国水产养殖网联合承办,安徽省水产技术推广总站、安徽省水产学会、江苏省水产学会、安徽省渔业协会、广东省饲料行业协会、广西渔业协会、中国渔业协会各分会协办,由     

政府+协会+企业+专家共商水产品品牌发展大计——2015中国水产品品牌大会成功举办

<正>由农业部市场与经济信息司、渔业渔政管理局和浙江省海洋与渔业局支持,中国水产流通与加工协会和中国农产品市场协会于9月16-17日在浙江舟山召开了"2015中国水产品品牌大会"。农业部及主要渔业省区(市)渔业行政主管部门、国家级农产品产地市场、水产品品牌企业代表、水产品批发市场、行业协会及新闻媒体代表200多人参加了会议。农业部渔业渔政管理局刘新中副巡视员、浙江省舟山市姜建明副市长出席会议并致辞,     

渔业行业协会——重构我国渔村社会资本的理想选择路径

中国渔业管理目前仍存在一些问题,既有体制和政策上的,也有政府和市场方面的.社会资本理论认为,社会资本是存在于社会关系中的一种隐性资源,这一理论为解释渔业管理问题提供了崭新的视角,为解决渔业,特别是海洋捕捞业中普遍存在的集体行动困境提供了思路.文章在分析中国渔业管理存在问题、介绍社会资本理论以及分析中国渔村社会资本的基础上,提出构建渔业行业协会是重建渔村社会资本,解决中国渔业管理当前面临诸多问题的一种理性选择.     

The Effect of the Structural Adjustment Program on the Output,Prices and Exports of Major Agricultural Export Crops in Nigeria

The primary objective of this paper is to examine changes in the level of output, prices and exports of major export crops resulting from the Structural Adjustment Program (SAP) in Nigeria. THere two main sources of data: the Central Bank of Nigeria (CBN) through its annual reports, Economic and Financial Review, and the Nigerian Federal Office of Statistics (FOS) through its Trade Summaries. Although the SAP led to appreciable increases in output and producer prices, its effects on exports were insignificant. The implications of these for the implementation of the program are explored.     

Revealing different understandings of soil held by scientists and farmers in the context of soil protection and management

This paper aims to analyse and draw together results from similar studies in England, Switzerland and France which investigated farmers’ understanding of soil and compared it with that of scientists, researchers and advisors (collectively called scientists in this analysis). A range of methods were used across the three studies and different theoretical approaches, looking at forms of knowledge, local practice of knowledge production and conceptions of reality, were employed to explain the results. Despite the different contexts, methodologies and theoretical approaches in the three studies, the results reveal similar patterns of difference in farmer and scientist understanding of soil. In the English study, farmers demonstrate a ‘know-how’ form or intuitive working knowledge of soil while advisors rely on scientifically established forms of ‘know-why’ and seek to understand and explain soil processes. Similarly in the Swiss study farmers’ and scientists’ differing perceptions are directed and shaped by their respective aims, methods and context of work. In the French study, farmers and researchers are shown to have different conceptions of soil, they attribute different meaning to the same activities, and use different words and language to describe the same features. In all three studies understanding is shown to be cultural and contextual, as such an integrative theoretical framework is proposed.     

森林生物多样性评价模型的改进

针对2002年的评价模型中的不足,提出了新的改进后的森林生物多样性变化的评价模型,并在我国第六次森林资源清查(1999～2003)资料的基础上,对1973～2003年我国森林生物多样性的变化进行了补充评价。评价结果表明:我国森林生物多样性的压力越来越大,压力指数由1973年的100,上升到2003年的199.10,上升了1.99倍;森林物种多样性总体的下降趋势已有一定幅度的改变,森林物种多样性指数增加了31.12%。森林生态系统多样性和森林生物多样性先逐渐上升,尔后又下降,第六次森林资源清查时又有所恢复,并分别上升了4.67个百分点和17.90个百分点。     

转变地质工作发展与服务方式的实践和建议

天津市地矿局注重加快转变经济发展方式，发挥地质工作优势，推进低碳清洁能源的开发利用创新和技术进步，紧紧依托地质工作的人才、技术和行业优势，加大清洁环保资源的勘查、研究、开发、利用。针对天津市水资源缺乏的情况，积极加强后备和应紧水源勘查。按照“两种资源，两个市场”的思路，通过实施中外合作勘查项目，以境外勘查工作为载体和平台，实施引进来和走出去战略，为天津市经济社会发展提供地质技术支撑。     

Trust-A monolithic panacea in land use planning?

Although trust research has been extensive and substantial, the constitution and actual merits of trust in land use planning remain nebulous. What do participants of a local land use planning process actually mean when they say they trust the planning committee? How important is participants’ trust in the planning committee in shaping their perceptions of the planning process and their cooperation in it? To explore the everyday meaning of trust in the specific context of local land use planning, semi-structured interviews with the participants of a local planning project in Switzerland were conducted (n = 9). Based on these results, the constitution and the relevance of trust in the responsible planning committee among a wider circle of participants were assessed (n = 66). The results show that participants trust the planning committee if they perceive its members as competent, honest, open, fair, reliable, reciprocating, respectful and committed. Interestingly, a considerable part of trust in the planning committee hinges explicitly on whether the committee incorporates the personal interests of the participant. Trust is indeed vital to participants’ belief that a meaningful discussion and cooperation with the members of the planning committee is possible. However, trust is neither a guarantee for people's approval of planning decisions nor for their cooperation. One implication of the findings is that in order to evaluate trust-building practice comprehensively, it is necessary to first understand the specific everyday meaning of trust for ‘real people’ in real planning processes.     

Agricultural Land in Vietnam: Markets Tempered by Family, Community and Socialist Practices

Since the late 1980s, markets involving agricultural land have emerged in the Socialist Republic of Vietnam. One major reason is that collective farms, previously a central feature of the country's political economy, ended. And a major reason for that was villagers' everyday politics gnawed the underpinnings of the collectives until they collapsed. Rural households, for the most part, wanted to farm separately. Today they do. Land is not privatized, however. Farming households have land use rights, not ownership. This tempers markets, as do other conditions arising from contending schools of thought in Vietnam about how land should be used, distributed and regulated.     

Conservation agriculture (CA) in Tanzania: the case of the Mwangaza B CA farmer field school (FFS), Rhotia Village,Karatu District,Arusha

This project was initiated to promote conservation agriculture (CA) in Tanzania so as to improve the food security and rural livelihood of small- and medium-scale farmers through the scaling-up of CA as a sustainable land management (SLM) tool as well as increasing the numbers of SLM-CA farmer field schools (FFS) in communities. The project had two phases from 2004 to 2010. It was funded by a Government of Germany trust fund and implemented by the Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations (FAO) and the Ministry of Agriculture in Tanzania. The project pilot districts include Arumeru (Arusha and Meru Councils), Karatu, Babati, Hanang and Moshi districts. CA has been shown to offer positive elements that could contribute to fighting hunger and poverty.     

Towards an Integration of R & D and Marketing in Production Development

Abstract

In this paper, two approaches which are characteristic for Research & Development and Marketing departments are compared. First, R&D versus Marketing orientations are explained, then the major differences between them are presented. The integration of both approaches may improve competitive advantage of the food industry. Factors stimulating such integration are presented on the basis of data from real business circumstances. Innovation is regarded as a major source of competitive advantage of company. Therefore, integration in sensory methodology, that is commonly but differently used by R & D and Marketing departments, may contribute to the improvement of innovation practices and successful business performance. Finally, the role of consumer tests, oriented for marketing and product development, is illustrated.     

Successful Practices in California Wine Exporting

Abstract

California is one of the world's largest wine producers, yet it has exported only a small portion of its products. Many US wineries want to pursue opportunities in foreign markets but only a few are actually doing this successfully. Therefore, this study attempts to identify the successful practices of 12 California wineries that have achieved their financial targets and other export goals. A qualitative research design of in-depth interviews was employed. Results indicate that there are 5 major success factors, with the two most important being the foreign partner relationship and top management vision and commitment to exporting.     

Time Allocation Decisions Associated with Job Market Preparation: Undergraduate Perceptions versus Market Realities

A survey of agribusiness firms identifies characteristics associated with above average starting salary offers in the allied fields of agribusiness, agricultural economics, business, and economics. A complementary survey is made of students at Texas A&M University and University of Georgia. Results show that firms value work experience and leadership experience more than students do, whereas students value raising grade point average and interview preparation more than do firms. Students seeking a firm's maximum starting salary offer will need to enhance academic performance with substantial work experience and leadership experience.